The document discusses two major disadvantages of double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulation:
1) Most of the transmitted power is wasted in the carrier signal, which does not contribute to the transmitted information.
2) The transmitted signal requires twice the bandwidth of the transmitted intelligence. Removing the carrier allows full transmitter power to be applied to the sidebands and reduces bandwidth requirements.
The document discusses two major disadvantages of double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulation:
1) Most of the transmitted power is wasted in the carrier signal, which does not contribute to the transmitted information.
2) The transmitted signal requires twice the bandwidth of the transmitted intelligence. Removing the carrier allows full transmitter power to be applied to the sidebands and reduces bandwidth requirements.
The document discusses two major disadvantages of double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulation:
1) Most of the transmitted power is wasted in the carrier signal, which does not contribute to the transmitted information.
2) The transmitted signal requires twice the bandwidth of the transmitted intelligence. Removing the carrier allows full transmitter power to be applied to the sidebands and reduces bandwidth requirements.
of the transmitted power is in the carrier, which does not contribute to the transmitted intelligence. Remember that the carrier contains no intelligence. The transmitted signal requires twice the bandwidth of the transmitted intelligence.
Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 1 SIDEBAND SYSTEMS Full-carrier AM is simple but not efficient Removing the carrier before power amplification allows full transmitter power to be applied to the sidebands Removing the carrier from a fully modulated AM systems results in a double-sideband suppressed-carrier transmission Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 2 Suppressed-Carrier AM Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 3 Suppressed-Carrier Signal Eliminating the Carrier Suppressed-carrier modulation Carrier suppression can be accomplished using the balanced modulator. Balanced Modulator Circuit A non-linear device that generates the sum and difference of the input frequencies Also known as product modulators Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 4 SIDEBAND SYSTEMS The two sidebands of an AM signal are mirror images of one another As a result, one of the sidebands is redundant Using single-sideband suppressed-carrier transmission results in reduced bandwidth and therefore twice as many signals may be transmitted in the same spectrum allotment Typically, a 3dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio is achieved as a result of SSBSC Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 5 DSB and SSB AM Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 6 DSBSC and SSB Transmission Insert fig. 3.15 SSB Signals SSB signals offer four major benefits: 1. Spectrum space is conserved and allows more signals to be transmitted in the same frequency range. 2. All power is channeled into a single sideband. This produces a stronger signal that will carry farther and will be more reliably received at greater distances. 3. Occupied bandwidth space is narrower and noise in the signal is reduced. 4. There is less selective fading over long distances. Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 7 3-5: Single-Sideband Modulation Disadvantages of DSB and SSB Single and double-sideband are not widely used because the signals are difficult to recover (i.e. demodulate) at the receiver. A low power, pilot carrier is sometimes transmitted along with sidebands in order to more easily recover the signal at the receiver.
Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 8 3-5: Single-Sideband Modulation Carrier power is useless as a measure of power in a DSBSC or SSBSC signal Instead, the peak envelope power is used The peak power envelope is simply the power at modulation peaks, calculated thus: Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 9 Power in Suppressed-Carrier Signals RL V PEP p 2 2
Single-Sideband Full Carrier (SSBFC)
Single-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSBSC)
Single-Sideband Reduced Carrier (SSBRC)
Independent Sideband (ISB)
Vestigial Sideband (VSB)
TYPES OF AM SSB SYSTEM Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 10 Form of amplitude modulation in which a single carrier frequency is independently modulated by two different modulating signals. It is a type of hybrid between double sideband (DSB) and single sideband (SSB)
Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 11 INDEPENDENT SIDEBAND Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 12 Form of amplitude modulation in which the carrier and one complete sideband are transmitted, but only part of the second sideband is transmitted.
Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 13 VESTIGIAL SIDEBAND Signal Power Considerations In SSB, the transmitter output is expressed in terms of peak envelope power (PEP), the maximum power produced on voice amplitude peaks.
Applications of DSB and SSB A vestigial sideband signal (VSB) is produced by partially suppressing the lower sideband. This kind of signal is used in TV transmission.
Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 14 3-5: Single-Sideband Modulation Audio carrier Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 15 Fig. Vestigial sideband transmission of a TV picture signal Total TV signal bandwidth = 6 MHz f c 0.75 MHz f c f c + 4.2 MHz Upper video bands Picture carrier f c + 4.5 MHz The International Telecommunications Union (ITU), a standards organization, uses a code to describe signals. Examples are: A3F amplitude-modulated analog TV J3E SSB voice F2D FSK data G7E phase-modulated voice, multiple signals Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 16 3-6: Classification of Radio Emissions A code is used to designate the types of signals that can be transmitted by radio and wire. The code is made up of a capital letter and a number. Lowercase subscript letters are used for more specific definition. Examples of codes: DSB two sidebands, full carrier = A3 DSB two sidebands, suppressed carrier = A3 b
AM SSB full carrier signal with 20 kHz BW = 20A3 h Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 17 3-6: Classification of Radio Emissions Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 18 3-6: Classification of Radio Emissions Figure 3-19: Radio emission code designations. A typical SSB AM transmitter block diagram is illustrated below: Engr. Alma Christine C. Danzalan 19 Single-Sideband AM Transmitters Discuss the ff. topics: Engineering lettering 1.Methods of generating SSB 1. Filter method 2. Phase shift method 3. Weaver method 2. Difference of Low level modulation and high level modulation 3. Low level modulator Diode modulator Transistor modulator 4. High level modulator Collector modulator