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Guided By :
Vishnu Raj
Asst.profosser
Dept.of ECE
MCET


Presented by:
Suvi karthika
S7 ECE
4632
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Contents
Introduction
Abstract
Transmitter design
Receiver design
Rectification antenna
Schottky diode
Sensor circuitry
Advantages and Disadvantages
Future scope
Conclusion
References


Abstract
The main objective of this current proposal is to make the
recharging of the mobile phones independent of their
manufacturer and battery make.
In this paper a new proposal has been made so as to
make the recharging of the mobile phones is done
automatically as you talk in your mobile phone!



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Introduction
The mobile can be charged at any time, anywhere.
Mobile can be charged just by making a call.
The microwaves are used to charge the mobile phones.
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum
The light travels with the speed of 3*10^5 km/sec
Electromagnetic waves are made up of two parts
1. Electric field
2. Magnetic field
These two fields are at right angles to each other.
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The Microwave Region
The license free 2.45 GHz ISM band is been selected for the purpose of this
experiment.

The 2.45GHz lies in between 2GHz to 4GHz which is the S band shown
below.
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Transmitter Design
Magnetron
Magnetron is high power microwave oscillator.
Efficiency of this high power oscillator lies between 50% and 80%.
Crossed electron and magnetic fields are used.
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Self contained microwave oscillator (magnetron)
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Receiver design
An additional feature to the mobile is RECTENNA.

RECTENNA Rectification + Antenna
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Transmitting station
with the microwave
transmitter
sensor
Rectenna
RT cable
circulator
waveguide
Slotted waveguide
Antenna
mobile signal
Process of Rectification
Comprises of a dipoles and diodes.
Usually its elements are arranged in the mesh pattern.
Directly converts the microwave signal into DC power.
The efficiency is up to 90% in laboratory environments.
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Schottky diode
A Schottky barrier diode -- majority carrier device
Common diode -- minority carrier device.
Its reverse recovery time T
rr
is very short and shorter than 10 nS.
The forward voltage bias of the Schottky barrier diode is under 0.6V.
This is a comparatively ideal diode, such as for a 1 ampere limit
current PN interface.
P=0.6*1=0.6W Schottky diode
P=1.1*1=1.1W common diode
Power comparison between common diode and Schottky diode
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Sensor circuitry
The sensor circuitry is a simple circuit, which detects if the mobile phone
receives any message signal.
In India the operating frequency of the mobile phone operators is
generally 900MHz or 1800MHz for the GSM system for mobile
communication.
A simple yet powerful F to V converter is LM2907.
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Advantages
Wireless energy transfer can potentially recharge the mobile phones
without chords.
Only one microwave transmitter can serve to all the service providers in
that area.
The need of different types of chargers by different manufacturers is
totally eliminated.
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Disadvantages
The transmitter and receiver also should be very powerful devices as
the distance increases.
Wireless transmission of the energy causes some drastic effects to
human body, because of its radiation.
Practical possibilities are not yet applicable as there is no much
advancement in this field.
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Applications
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Future scope
The wireless charging can even be done using the data exchange as
now only its only been implemented for voice calls.
With the advent of nanotechnology and MEMS the size of these
rectennas can be brought down to molecular level. It has been
theorized that similar devices, scaled down to the proportions used in
nanotechnology, could be used to convert light into electricity at much
greater efficiencies than what is currently possible with solar cells. This
type of device is called an optical rectenna.
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Conclusion
A novel method of using the power of the microwave to charge the
mobile phones without the use of wired chargers.
This method provides great advantage to the mobile phone users to
carry their phones anywhere even if the place is devoid of facilities
for charging.
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Reference
1. Tae-Whan yoo and Kai Chang, Theoretical and Experimental
Development of 10 and 35 GHz rectennas IEEE Transaction on
Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 40. No.6. June. 1992.
2. 5 Hawkins, Joe, et al, Wireless Space Power Experiment, in
proceedings of the 9
th
summer Conference of NASA/USRA Advanced
Design Program and Advanced Space Design Program, June 14-18,
1993.
3. MW Medley Jr and MW Medley, Microwave and RF circuits: analysis,
synthesis and design, Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1993.
4. Falone, Vincent J., Atmospheric Attenuation of Microwave Power,
Journal of microwave Power, 5(4), 1970
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