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How do we
describe the
motion of
objects?
A scalar quantity
A measure of how fast an
object moves
Speed = distance / time
A vector quantity
Rate of how an object changes its
position
Used to describe speed and direction
A vector quantity
velocity is
changing by a
constant amount
each second
Summary of Formulas:
v vo at
1 2
d vot at
2
v v0 2ad
2
v f vo
2
v vo
2
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
1. A sprinter is able to produce an acceleration of
8.0 m/s2 for the first 0.75 s of a race. Calculate
the velocity of the sprinter at the end of the first
0.75 s?
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
5 . An engineer is designing the runway for an
airport. Of the planes which will use the airport,
the lowest acceleration rate is likely to be 3
m/s2. The takeoff speed for this plane will be 65
m/s. Assuming this minimum acceleration, what
is the minimum allowed length for the runway?
6. A car accelerates from 12 m/s to 25 m/s in 6s.
What was its acceleration? How far did it travel
in this time? Assume constant acceleration.
SEATWORK:
1. How long will it take a car to accelerate
SEATWORK:
3. How long will it take a car to cover a distance
of 250 m if it accelerates from rest at a rate of
4.0 m/s2 ?
4. A dolphin decelerates for 2.0 s from an initial
speed of 7.5 m/s in order to take a look at a
dolphin of the opposite sex. Calculate the
dolphins final speed if the deceleration had a
magnitude of 1.5 m/s2 .
SEATWORK:
5. An ice skater decelerates for 5.0 s to a final
speed of 12 m/s. If the deceleration was at a
rate of 1.5 m/s2 . What is the skaters initial
speed?
CHALLENGE PROBLEM:
A car 3.5 in length and traveling at a constant speed
of 20 m/s is approaching an intersection. The width of
the intersection is 20m. The light turns yellow when
the front of the car is 50m from the beginning of the
intersection. If the driver steps on the brake, the car
will slow at -3.8 m/s2 . If the driver instead steps on
the gas pedal, the car will accelerate at 2.3m/s2 . The
light will be yellow for 3.0s. Ignore the reaction time
of the driver. To avoid being in the intersection while
the light is red, should the driver hit the brake pedal
or the gas pedal?
CHALLENGE PROBLEM:
CHALLENGE PROBLEM:
ROAD SAFETY
Ref: http://users.tpg.com.au/users/mpaine/speed.html#speedcrash
ROAD SAFETY
Ref: http://www.rotr.ie/rules-fordriving/speed-limits/speed-limits_2-second-
NO SPEED LIMIT!
Summary of Formulas:
v vo gt
1 2
d vot gt
2
v v0 2 gd
2
v = gt
d = (1/2)
2
gt
Free- fall
d = (1/2) gt2
t=
Average
d = 1.5 cm or 0.015 m
g = 9.8 m/s2
t=
t = 0.055s
Seatwork
1. A boulder is ejected straight up out of a volcano at
a speed of 80 m/s. a) To what maximum height will it
rise above the point where it was ejected?
2. A rock is dropped into a 60.0 m deep well. A)
Neglecting air resistance, how long will it take the
rock to reach the bottom? B) calculate the position of
the rock 1,2 and 3 s after its release.
CHALLENGE PROBLEM:
THANK YOU.