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TRANSMISSION
H-HIGH
V-VOLTAGE
D-DIRECT
C-CURRENT
ANEY EXECUTIVE ENIGINEER
+ 500KV HVDC TERMINAL STATION
MSETCL CHANDRAPUR
1
BIPOLAR CONNECTION
4
TRANSMISSION
BETWEEN TWO
SUBSTATION.
MULTITERMINAL
SYSTEM
PARALLEL
MULTITERMINAL
SYSTEM
SERIES
MULTITERMINAL
SYSTEM
UNIT CONNECTION
M RTB
INVERTER
RECTIFIER
GRTS
POLE-2
RECTIFIER
INVERTER
POLE-1
M RTB
INVERTER
RECTIFIER
GRTS
POLE-2
RECTIFIER
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
INVERTER
CURRENT
(I)
V1
TRANSMISSION LINE
RESISTANCE (R)
V2
INVERTER
RECTIFIER
P=V2*I
I=(V1-V2)/R
CURRENT
(I)
10V
TRANSMISSION LINE
RESISTANCE
(R=1OHMS)
9V
RECTIFIER
INVERTER
P=9*1=9W
I=(10-9)/1
=1AMP
CURRENT
(I)
12
RECTIFIER
I=(12-9)/1
=3AMP
TRANSMISSION LINE
RESISTANCE
(R=1OHMS)
9V
INVERTER
P=9*3=27W
8
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
Io(inverter)
Io(rectifier)
DC Current
Current Margin
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
Smoothing
reactor
To control
system
DC voltage
divider
DCCT
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
To
control
system
DC voltage
divider
10
12 PULSE CONVERTER
PRINCIPLE OF WORKING
12
13
CHA-PAD HVDC l
RATING OF
LINK
Power
Transmis
sion
Capabilit
y (MW)
Minimum
Continuous
Rating
1500
Nominal
Rating
1500
2
hours
overload
rating
1650
DC CT
DC LINE
ISOLATOR
DC BUS
ARRESTOR
DC FILTER
CONVERTER
TRANSFORMER
AC FILTER
DC VOLTAGE
DIVIDER
CONVERTER
BREAKER
NBS
AC SIDE
VALVE
HALL
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
DC SIDE
AC SIDE
VALVE HALL
DC SIDE
A) AC FILTERS
A)THYRISTOR VALVES
A)DC FILTERS
B) CONVERTER
BREAKERS
B)DC BREAKER
(METALLIC RETURN
TRANSFER BREAKER,
GROUND RETURN
TRANSFER
SWITCH,NEUTRAL BUS
SWITCH)
C) MEASURING
EQUIPMENTS
C)VALVE COOLING
SYSTEM
C) SMOOTHING
REACTOR
D) CONVERTER
TRANSFORMERS
AC SIDE EQUIPMENTS
AC Side mainly Constitutes of
1)Ac filters: They serve two purpose
A) They offer low impedance path to the harmonics which travel on AC side
generated during the conversion process.
B)Filters constitutes of R,L&C .These filter caters part of capacitive MVAR to the AC
Bus which helps in boosting the system voltage.
Harmonics Generated are:
i)Harmonics of the order of h=2 to 5 due to voltage imbalance caused by firing
angle and transformer commutation inductance.
ii)h=pq1 order Harmonics are generated on AC side of Converter where p is a
value dependent on 6 or 12 pulse Bridge and n=1,2,
Switching of the Ac filters through Circuits Breakers are done by
Reactive Voltage Controller depending on the DC power flow through
the link.
(a)
(b)
Single Tuned Filter
HP-12
HP-3
(c)
Double Tuned Filter
HP-24/36
16
AC FILTER BANK
17
AC SIDE EQUIPMENTS
2) Converter breakers: Breakers generally SF6 are used for catering AC
supply to the Converter Transformer. In Bipolar Projects sometimes
it is required that only one Converter Breaker caters load to both
poles depending on the type of Bus bar arrangements .In such cases
Converter Breakers of high current carrying capacity are employed s.
Also Circuit Breakers are employed for Switching in and out of the
AC Filters.
3) Measuring Equipments: Equipments like CVTs are installed for
measurement of bus voltages which useful in for control of power
on HVDC link. CTs installed in AC yard as well as Filter area are
employed for protection of AC Bus and Filters respectively.
4) Converter Transformers: This is one of the key equipments in HVDC
link.AC supply is fed to the Converter through the transformer .As
the name suggests the transformer is connected to the converter.
The secondary or the valve winding of the Transformer is directly
connected to valve through either wall mounted bushing or the
bushings of the transformer are protruding inside the valve hall and
are connected to the valve. The secondary of the converter
transformer is carrying AC as well as DC valve current through it. The
transformers may be of following type in case of 12- pulse
converters:-
i) 1phase 3 winding transformer 3units/pole.
18
CONVERTER TRANSFORMER
2A
3A
PRIM ARY
WINDING
SECONDARY
WINDING 2
SECONDARY
WINDING 1
2B
B1
3B
B2
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
19
20
21
22
CONVERTER TRANSFORMER
23
24
Single Thyrister
25
Thyrister Module
26
Thyrister Module
27
28
29
Quadruple
valve
Single valve
Double valve
30
31
32
DC SIDE EQUIPMENTS
DC Side mainly constitutes:
1. DC Smoothing Reactor: Smoothing Reactor is the first equipment connected
in series on DC side i.e. HV side .As the name suggest it is for Smooth ripple free
DC and also limits the sudden change in DC current during fault on DC line or DC
bus. The reactor are generally air insulated or oil filled smoothing reactor. At low
DC voltage air insulated smoothing reactor are used but for high voltage oil
insulated smoothing reactor is used.
Specification of Smoothing reactors in Chapad Project:
Inductance (L): 350mH
Rated Voltage : 500KV DC
Rated current 1700 amp DC
33
DC SIDE EQUIPMENT
A) Neutral Bus Switch (NBS): This DC Switch performs the function of connecting
the the converter to the neutral bus. In event of any fault on the neutral bus the
NBS isolates the neutral bus and the converter after the operation of respective
protection.
B) Neutral Bus Grounding Switch (NBGS): This Switch provides path for local /
station grounding in event of breakdown on electrode line or any maintenance
on electrode line or on Metallic return transfer breaker during bipolar balanced
condition .
C)Metallic return transfer Breaker (MRTB):-This Switch is used to commutate
the current from ground return path to metallic return path. In this type of
transfer .The current that is commutated from Ground path to metallic path is
near about 70 t0 80 percent of pole current due to difference in the resistance
offered by these two paths. Hence Special Arrangement is adopted for current
quenching from Ground to metallic path which shown in figure
D) Ground return transfer Switch (GRTS) :The GRTS is used to commutate
current from metallic return to ground return The maximum DC current that is to
be commutated in this case is only 20 to 30 percent.
BREAKER
CONTACTS
SPARK GAP
CAPACITOR
c:\ V.B.Bhandarkar
NON-LINEAR
RESISTOR
34