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Open Microsoft
Office Excel
2007
Click Data
Click Go
Click OK.
This
installs
Data
Analysis
Tool
Youll be prompted to
install the tool. Click YES.
REMEMBER
If the nature of test is test
of difference, the
parametric tests are:
1. t-test
o Independent samples
o correlated samples
REMEMBER
If the nature of test is test
of difference, the
parametric tests are:
2. z-test
o Independent samples
o correlated samples
REMEMBER
If the nature of test is test
of difference, the
parametric tests are:
3. F-test Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA)
o One-Way
REMEMBER
If the nature of test is test
of relationship, the
parametric test is:
Pearson Product
Moment of Coefficient
of Correlation, r
REMEMBER
If the nature of test is test
of association, the
parametric tests are:
1. Simple Linear
Regression Analysis
2. Multiple Regression
Analysis
When do we know if
the test is directional
or non-directional?
Solving by the
Stepwise Method
I. Problem
II. Hypotheses
III. Level of Significance
Critical or tabular
value
df
Solving by the
Stepwise Method
IV. Statistic
V. Decision Rule
1. If the test-computed
value is or beyond the
critical value, DO NOT
ACCEPT H0
Solving by the
Stepwise Method
IV. Statistic
V. Decision Rule
2. If the computed
value is < or within
the critical value,
ACCEPT H0
Solving by the
Stepwise Method
VI. Conclusion
S-1: Decision
S-2: What your decision
means: NOT significant
or significant
S-3: Implication
Sample Problem 1
The following are scores in
spelling of 10 male and female
Grade 8 students. Test the null
hypothesis, H0, that there is
no significant difference
between the performance of
male and female Grade 8
students in spelling. Use the ttest at .05 level of significance.
Given Data
Male (X1): 14, 18, 17, 16, 4
14, 12, 10, 9, 17
Then Click
this!
Click this!
Then Click
this!
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Then Click
this!
Then Click
this!
Click D5
cell, or any
cell you
like!
Then Click
this!
Click OK!
df
t-computed
t-critical
value!
Conclusion
Since the t-computed value of 2.881
is greater than the t-tabular (or
critical) value of 2.101 at .05 level of
significance with 18 degrees of
freedom, DO NOT ACCEPT the null
hypothesis. This means that there IS
A significant difference between the
performance of the male and female
Grade 8 students in spelling. It can
be implied that the male students
performed better than the female
students.
Problem 2
Two groups of experimental
rats were injected with a
tranquilizer at 1.0 mg and 1.5
mg dose, respectively. The
time given in seconds that took
them to fall asleep is hereby
given. Use the t-test for
independent samples at .01
Problem 2
level of significance to test
the null hypothesis that the
difference in dosage has no
effect on the length of time it
took them to fall asleep.
Given Data
Time (in seconds)
1.0 mg: 9.8, 13.2, 11.2, 9.5
13.0, 12.1, 9.8, 12.3
7.9, 10.2, 9.7
1.5 mg: 12.0, 7.4, 9.8, 11.5
13.0, 12.5, 12.5, 9.8
10.5, 13.5
Click Data
Click Data
Analysis
df
t-computed
t-critical
Conclusion
Since the t-computed value of
-.40 is within the critical value
of -2.88 at .01 level of
significance with 18 degrees
of freedom, ACCEPT the null
hypothesis. This means that
there is NO significant
difference between 1.0 mg
Conclusion
and 1.5 mg dosages on the
length of time it took for the
rats to fall asleep. It can be
implied that both dosages
have the same tranquilizing
effect on the rats.
Sample Problem
An experimental study was
conducted on the effect of
programmed materials in
English on the performance of
20 selected Senior high school
students. Before the program
was implemented the pretest
was administered and after
Sample Problem
5 months the same instrument
was used to get the posttest
result. Use the t-test for
correlated samples at .05 level
of significance to test the null
hypothesis that there is no
significant difference between
Sample Problem
the pretest and posttest, or
the use of the programmed
materials did not affect the
students performance in
English. Hence,
Enter the
data as
shown:
Click Data
Click
Conclusion
Since the t-computed value of
-3.17 is beyond the t-critical
value of -1.73 at .05 level of
significance with 19 degrees of
freedom, DO NOT ACCEPT the
null hypothesis. This means
that there IS A significant
difference between the
pretest and posttest results.
Conclusion
It can be implied that the use
of the programmed materials
in English is effective because
the post-test result is higher
than the pretest.
Sample Problem
Sample Problem
Level of significance
for the z-test for two
sample means
Test
.01
.05
One-Tailed
+/- 2.33
+/- 1.645
Two-Tailed
+/- 2.575
+/- 1.96
Conclusion
Since the z-computed value of
5.774 is greater than the ztabular value of 2.575 at .01
level of significance, DO NOT
accept the null hypothesis. This
means that there IS A
significant difference between
the two groups. It can be
implied that the incoming
Conclusion
Example
Data
Brand
A
7
3
5
6
9
4
3
9
8
8
7
6
9
10
2
3
4
5
6
4
2
4
5
7
8
3
4
5
Conclusion
Since the F-computed value of
7.98 is greater than the Ftabular value of 3.01 at .05
level of significance with 3
and 24 degrees of freedom,
DO NOT ACCEPT the null
hypothesis. This means that
there IS A significant
Conclusion
difference in the average
sales of the four brands of
shampoo.
Example 2
The following data represent
the operating time in hours of
the 3 types of scientific
pocket calculators before a
recharge is required. Test the
null hypothesis that there is
no significant difference in
the average operating time in
Example 2
hours among the 3 types of
pocket scientific calculators
before a recharge is required.
Do the analysis of variance at
.05 level of significance
Conclusion
Conclusion
F-TEST
TWO-WAY ANOVA
Problem 1
Forty-five language
students were randomly
assigned to one of three
instructors and to one of
the three methods of
teaching. Achievement was
measured on a test
administered at the end of
Problem 1
Hypotheses
Hypotheses
Enter
Data
Click
Click
Click
Click
Conclusion-1
H01: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under three
different instructors
Conclusion-1
H01: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under three
different instructors
Conclusion-1
H01: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under three
different instructors
Conclusion-1
H02: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under the
three different methods of
teaching
Conclusion-1
H02: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under the
three different methods of
teaching
Conclusion-1
H02: There is no significant difference
in the performance of the three
groups of students under the
three different methods of
teaching
Example:
The owner of a chain of fruit shake
stores would like to study the
correlation between atmospheric
temperature and sales during the
summer season. A random sample
of 12 days is selected with the
results