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VALUES
SOCIOLOGY
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES, FORMAL AND INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS,
ORGANIZATIONAL CURLTURE GROUP STUDY OF OB
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE, ATTITUDE CHANGE, COMMUNICATION, GROUP PROCESSES , GROUP DECISION-MAKING
ANTHROPOLOGY
INDIVIDUAL CULTURE, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
ORGANIZATION
ORGANIZATIONAL POWER
POLITICAL SCIENCE
POLITICS, CONFLICT
VALUE:
Value is enduring belief that a
specific mode of conducts or
end state of existence is
personally and socially
preferable to the alternative
mode of conduct or end states
of existence.
Instrumental Value:
Instrumental values reflect the means to
achieving goals; that is, they represent
the acceptable behavior to be used in
achieving some end state.
Terminal Value:
Terminal Value represent the goals to be
achieved, or the end states of
existence.
•Comfortable •Ambition
life •Honesty
•Happiness •Courageousnes
•Equality s
ATTITUDES
AND
JOB
SATISFACTION
ATTITUDE:
Attitudes are evaluative
statements – either favorable or
unfavorable – concerning
objects, people or events.
ATTITUDE:
Three components of attitudes
Cognitive component
Affective component
Behavioral component
Cognitive component:
This component includes the beliefs an
individual has about a certain person, object,
or situation.
Learned beliefs, such as “you need to work
long hours to get ahead in this job, leads to
attitudes that have an impact on behavior in
the workplace.
Cognitive component of an attitude reflects a
persons perceptions or beliefs.
Affective component:
This component refers to the person’s
feelings that result from his or her beliefs
about a person, object or situation.
A person who believes hard work earns
promotions may feel anger or frustration
when he or she works hard but is not
promoted.
Affective component refers to an individuals
feeling about something or someone.
Behavioral component:
This component refers to the individuals
behavior that occurs as a result of his or her
feeling about the focal person, object or
situation.
An individual may complain, request a
transfer, or be less productive because of he
or she feels dissatisfied with work.
The behavioral component of an attitude
refers to an intention to behave in a certain
way toward someone or something.
Attitude formation:
1. Direct Experience
Classical Conditioning : on learning principles.
Operant Conditioning : reinforced attitudes
tends to be maintained.
Vicarious Learning : Observance of others
1. Social Learning
Family : Imitation of Parents
Peer Groups : Peer pressure moulds attitudes
through group acceptance.
Modeling : Observing others.
Job Satisfaction:
Mentally Challenging work
Personality-Job Fit
Equitable Rewards
Supportive working conditions
Supportive Colleagues
Whistle Blowing
Social Responsibility
Irwin/McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
17-17
Job Satisfaction:
Mentally Challenging work:
Under conditions of moderate challenge, most employees
will experience pleasure and satisfaction.
Personality-Job Fit :
Whistle Blowing :