4.

UMTS Capacity
4a.1 Definitions
Inter-/Intra-Cell Interference
UL Load

TCH Power Percentage

Served
4a.2 Settings
4a.3 Representation/ Analysis
4a.4 Exercise
4a.5 Discussion of the Results

UMTS Capacity
4.1 Definitions and Parameters
UMTS capacity is limited by

inter-cell interference UL/DL

intra-cell interference UL/DL

The calculation of the capacity is influenced by

Traffic delivered in the cell
Bearer Eb/No
Bearer Data Rate
Power Control Error
Orthofactor (DL)
Noise Rise (UL)

UMTS Capacity
The UL/DL load of a cell (and thus the remaining capacity) are
described by two calculation results:
UL Load
DL TCH Power Percentage
4.1.1 Uplink Load

UL load

I
I N

I : Overall received power

in the W-CDMA band
N :Thermal noise
I
I
I
of the receiver
intra inter
I N

I N

I N

UMTS Capacity

The maximal permissible UL load is defined by the parameter UL Max Load.

FSCP Network Editor UMTS Parameters UL-MaxLoad

If this value is exceeded, Pegasos begins to reduce the traffic in the

cell. (Section 1)
The representation of the calculated load (Intra, Inter and Total)
is possible in the visualization and in the ASCII Output Files.

UMTS Capacity Total UL Load

FSCP ->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->AM->Uplink-> UL Load Total

By right-clicking in the appropriate cell

detailed UL load information is displayed

Load Components

Interferers

UMTS Capacity UL Result Sheet

FSCP -> Coverage -> UMTS Results ->Analytical Model

UL load results
(All, Intra, Inter)

UMTS Capacity
4.1.2 TCH Power Percentage (DL)
The output TCH Power Percentage represents the DL Load.

TCH Pow er Perc

PTCH,pred
PMax PCCCh

100

PTCH,pred
Pmax

Calculated necessary TCH power of the BS

Max. available BS transmission power
Network Editor UMTS Parameters Max TX Power
PCCCh
BS transmission power for Common Control Channels (CCCh)
Network Editor UMTS Parameters pCPICH,pSCH,sSCH
FSCP Options Parameters CCCh-Activities (UMTS)
The upper limit for TCH power percentage is defined by the
global parameter Max TCH power percentage.
FSCPOptionsParameters(UMTS)UMTS GeneralMax.TCH Power Perc.
Exceeding of the limit values brings about a reduction in traffic.
=

UMTS Capacity TCH Power Percentage

FSCP ->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->AM->Downlink-> DL TCH Pwr Perc.

By right-clicking in
the appropriate cell
an additional window
with detailed DL power
utilisation appears.

UMTS Capacity TCH Power Percentage

Components of the TCH DL Pwr Percentage (Example)

PTCH,pred + P CCCh
Calculated necessary
power of the BS

TCH Power Percentage =

Pmax

Max. available BS
transmission power

PCCCh

BS transmission power
for Common Control
Channels (CCCh),
Includes CpiCH Power !!!

((PTCH,pred + PCCCh) all common control channel )

(Max. Power all common control channel )

UMTS Capacity DL Result Sheet

FSCP -> Coverage -> UMTS Results ->Analytical Model

DL Tx Pwr results

UMTS Capacity
4.1.3 Served
Served describes the serving relation in % with:

served traffic
serving relation
100
offered traffic
The representation Served is available for each UMTS service
served traffic Traffic served in accordance with the UMTS analysis

offered traffic Traffic offered by the subscribers within the

Suitable Cell area

UMTS Capacity - Served

FSCP->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->Analytical->Balanced->Served

Suitable Cell < MCA

Note: Served
is coloured
within the MCA
(misleading).
The actual served
situation is displayed
in an additional
window by rightclicking the desired
cell.

UMTS Capacity - Served

UMTS Capacity - Served

FSCP->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->Analytical->Balanced->Served

UMTS Capacity
4a.2 Settings
Basic settings as per 1.2
UMTS Parameter settings: TMO Planning Guide
Traffic settings as per 1.4 (network with load)
Suggested colour settings Served
X < 1%
1% <= X < 30%
30% <= X < 50%
50% <= X < 70%
70% <= X < 90%
90% <= X < 95%
95% <= X < 99%
99% <= X
=

Red
Orange
Magenta
Yellow
Green
Light-Blue
Blau
Dark-Blue

UMTS Capacity
Uplink Load (Total, Inter, Intra)
X < 1%
1% <= X < 40%
40% <= X < 45%
45% <= X < 49%
49% <= X < 51%
51% <= X

White
Blue
Green
Yellow
Magenta
Red

Downlink Power Percentage

X < 10%
10% <= X < 20%
20% <= X < 50%
50% <= X < 60%
60% <= X < 71%
71% <= X

White
Light-Blue
Blau
Yellow
Magenta
Red

UMTS Capacity
4a.3 Representation and Analysis

The following representations are to be checked during the analysis:

1. Served (Target >90%)

2. UL Total Load (Target: UL Load Intra/UL Load Total > 0.6)

3. DL TCH Power Percentage (Target: < 70%)

UMTS Capacity
4a.4 Exercise

Load the network Ue4a_Erfurt_1200m_opt

Parameter settings
- Detail Level 3
- Layer 5 active
- Service Mix 2
- Services for Display 11, 12, 1
- Traffic Light on, settings as per1.4 (network with load)
- Additional Land usage off
Use the 100% button to display the whole network

UMTS Capacity
Calculate and analyse the UMTS themes (Analytical Model)
1.
2.
3.

Served
UL Total Load (including Intra/Inter Cell Load)
DL TCH Power Percentage

Bring the network in the scenario network with load by changing the
parameter Traffic per Subscriber (GSM).
Note: Network under load means that some cells in the training network( 4-6)
showing less than 90% served or running at the limit of 50% UL load or 70%
of DL TCH Power Percentage.

4b UMTS Capacity
4b.1 Definitions
DL IF Ratio
Throughput (UL/DL)
4b.2 Presentation/ Analyse
4b.3 Exercise
4b.4 Discussion of Results

UMTS Capacity
4b.1 Definitions
4b.1 DL Interference Ratio
DL interference ratio gives an overview of the DL interference of the
cell weighted by the traffic
DL interference ratio represents the average of the pixel-based
interference ratios

Rn

Ps

t w 10 log10
Ps Pi

Ps = traffic power; Pi = interference power

tw weighted traffic fraction of the pixel with
Best

Worst

Rn
(dB)

w
all trafficpixel
of the cell

Ps/Pi
(linear)

-1 dB

4.0

-2 dB

1.7

-3 dB

1.0

-4 dB

0.67

-5 dB

0.47

-6 dB

0.33

The ratio Ps/Pi is shown in the table under

the assumption tw = 1.

Capacity - DL Interference Ratio

FSCP->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->Analytical->Downlink

Important!
Overall received power
(pilot + traffic)
By right-clicking in
the appropriate cell
a window with detailed
Ec/Io information
appears.

UMTS Capacity DL Total Throughput

4.1.2 Throughput
FSCP->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->Analytical->Downlink->Total Thrp.

By right-clicking in
the appropriate cell
a detailed throughput
information window
appears.
=

UMTS Capacity UL Total Throughput

FSCP->Hierarchy Browser->UMTS Coverage->Analytical->Uplink->Total Thrp.

By right-clicking in
the appropriate cell
a detailed throughput
information window
appears.

4.1.3 Throughput Comparison UMTS-GPRS

Both analysis modules offer the possibility of calculating and representing the data
throughput in kBit/s. However, fundamentally different approaches are used.

GPRS Throughput
Pixel-based representation
according to TU 50 model

UMTS Throughput
Cell-based representation
within the max. cell area

Representation of the
maximum possible throughput
for a time slot

Representation of the calculated

throughput per service according
to the expected traffic

Throughput is calculated
via level and C/I, no load
consideration and reduction.

Throughput is calculated
after a reduction in traffic
according to the UL/DL Load
threshold values (if necessary).

UMTS Capacity
4b.2 Suggested color settings Downlink IF Ratio
X < -6 dB Red
-6 dB <= X < -3 dB Orange
-3 dB <= X < -2 dB Yellow (Planning threshold, Ps = Pi)
-2 dB <= X
Grn

UMTS Capacity
4.3 Representation and Analysis

The following representations are to be checked during the analysis:

1. Served (Target >90%)
2. UL Total Load (Target: UL Load Intra/UL Load Total > 0.6)
3. DL TCH Power Percentage (Target < 70%)
4. DL IF Ratio (Target > -3dB)
5. Total Throughput (Target: 500 - 700 kBit/s)
After an optimization (e.g. downtilt), a coverage analysis (pilot) as shown in
Section 3.3 must always be carried out.

UMTS Capacity
Capacity Analysis
Representation of Served
A check of the UL/DL load is generally
recommended.
Served<90%?

no
Representation of Total Throughput

yes
yes

Representation of UL Total Load

Representation of DL TCH Power Percentage
Representation of DL IF Ratio

Sufficient?

Pilot
Analysis
(Section
3.3)

no
Optimization of the server

Pilot Analysis
(Section 3.3)

DL problem

Optimization of the interferers

yes

UL/DL problem

yes
Success?

Success?

Pilot Analysis
(Section 3.3)

no
Missing site ?

UL problem

no
Missing site ?

UMTS Capacity
4b.4 Exercises

Load the exercise network Erfurt_1200m_opt

Parameter settings
- Detail Level 3
- Layer 5 active
- Service Mix 2
- Services for Display 11, 12, 1
- Traffic Light on, settings as per Section 1.4 (network under load)
- Additional land usage off
Graphic window settings
- Scale 1:20000
- Center of the window is station 79/80/81 (center view)

UMTS Capacity
Calculate the UMTS coverage (analytical model)
Visualize and analyze the area around station 79/80/81
with the following representations according to the analysis criteria from 4.3:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Served
UL Total Load (including Intra/Inter)
DL TCH Power Percentage
DL IF Ratio
Total Throughput

Optimize the area around station 79/80/81 in accordance with the criteria
from 4.3. and assess the results.
Then carry out an analysis of the pilot coverage in accordance with
Section 3.3.
=