SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION

A subordinate conjunction introduces a clause that

depends on a main, or independent clause. The
subordinate conjunction is grammatically part of the
clause it introduces; it is never separated from its
clause by a comma.
Broadly speaking, all the introductory words in three
subordinate clauses, even pronouns or adverbs, may
be classified as subordinated conjunctions. In a
limited sense, the term is restricted in (1) the words
introducing adverbial clause, when, until, if,
although, etc and (2) that, whether, introducing
noun clause.

 Subordinate conjunctions range in meaning

from those having strong semantic content
time, place, cause, etc.to those having
purely structural meaningthat, then, as,
whether.
Some subordinate conjunctions have the
same form as prepositions, especially the
conjunction of timebefore, after, until,
since, as.
Examples:

 that
Every body should know that to keep their
body healthy, they should have a balanced
diet, regular physical exercise, enough sleep
and clean dwelling.
As
as the filtered fluid passes on, 80% of the
water and sodium salts in it are removed and
returned to blood.
Where
The building where he lives is very old.

Subordinate Conjunction may have

ing or ed (participial form)
Providing or provided that
e.g. We should be able to do the job for you
quickly providing (that) you give us all the
necessary information.

Subordinate conjunctions are phrasalas soon

as, so that, in order that.
Other conjunctions consist of prepositions
that have been turned into conjunctions by
the addition of the fact thaton account of
the fact that, in spite of the fact that. This
conjunction may also be preceded by
intensifiersjust because, only when, right
afteror negativesnot because, never
because.

 e.g.:
As soon as she gets well, she can do her activities
well.
He traveled through half the world so that he
might see her once more.
They left very early in order that they might
arrive before dark.
because of the fact that they had made their
reservation too late, they couldnt get on the
plane they wanted.
Everything would have gone well with the play
but for the fact that one of the props caught on
fire.

 He was fired on account of the fact that he had

stolen money from the company.
He does a full days work in spite of the fact that
he is eighty years old.
Due to the fact that all trains were delayed, the
station was crowded with people.
In view of the fact that all the ablebodied men
were fighting at the front, the women had to do
all the work.
Owing to the fact that not enough members are
present to call our meeting to order, we will have
to cancel the meeting.

COORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS
The coordinate conjunction joins structural units
that are equal grammatically. The conjunction
comes before the last unit and is grammatically
independent of this unit.
Units joined by a coordinate conjunction are
labeled compound. Compound units may be
classified according to the formal structure of the
units (parts of speech, phrases, clauses) or
according to the function of the units (subject,
predicate, modifier, object).

Structural units joined by coordinate

conjunctions
Parts of speech (single words). Conjunctions
and, or. e.g.
The old woman slipped and fell on the
pavement.
The thief moved quickly and quietly.
Ill inform you if and when he comes.
This hair cream may be used by men or
women.

Phrases. e.g.:
He walked into the house and up the stairs.
I can see you before two oclock or after five.
After eating dinner and taking a long nap, he
felt much better.
To be or not to be, that is the question.
Feeling hungry, but (or yet) not wanting to
wake his wife, he tiptoed down to the kitchen.

 Clauses. Dependent clause, (and, or: less

commonly but, yet). e.g.:
because he didnt care for the country, and
because the beach had no appeal to him, he
decided to travel during his vacation. (adv cls)
He married a woman who was very intelligent
and charming, but who couldnt cook at all. (adj
cls)
I dont know when he left town or why he
wanted to do so. (noun cls)
Independent Clause. (conjunctions: and, or, nor,
but, yet, so, for. e.g.:

 Ill pick you up at eight and Ill get you back home
by midnight.
He decided to withdraw from his physics class, for
he kept failing he examinations.
Give me liberty or give me death.
I wasnt satisfied with my hotel room so I made a
fuss.
This is not the whole story, nor anything like the
whole story.
Everything around him was blown to pieces, yet
the minister escaped without a scratch
They attack the state, yet draw money from it.