UNIT 1.

O PROFILE OF TOURISM &

HOSPITALITY

TOURIST

Tourist can be divided into domestic

tourists and international tourists as
follow.

VISITOR

The tourism industry

often refer to both
tourists and
excursionists simply
as visitors.

EXCURISIONIST
They are travellers who spend less than 24 hour
during a leisure trip.

Tourist that includes internal tourist and

inbound tourist in a destination

INTERNATIONAL
TOURIST

Tourist that
incudes
inbound
tourist in a
destination

ACCOMMODATION

Tourist will normally be dependent on some form of

commercial accomodation such as hotels, motels,
guesthouse or camping grounds to meet their
accomodation needs.

CATEGORIES OF
ACCOMMODATION

Private residences
Hosted accommodation
Hotels and serviced apartments
Motels and motor inns
Resort and lodges
Hotels
Camping grounds, cabins and huts

Food service may be defined as the

people that work in the travel trade
make reservations for food and
beverage for attractions

HOUSEKEEPING

Operations such as
maintenance or
record-keeping
which facilitate
productive work in
an organization.

CULINARY

Relating to
cooking

Malaysia - Independence and Onward:

1957 - Present

MALAYSIA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

With 1957's independence, a new series of difficult decisions
lay ahead of Malaya, the first of which was to determine
exactly what territories would be included in the new state. In
1961, the term "Malaysia" came into being after Tunku
convinced Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak to join Malaya in a
federal union (Singapore later opted out of the union,
peacefully, in 1965). Afraid that the union would interfere with
his expansionistic plans, Indonesia's president Sukharno
launched attacks against Malaysia in Borneo and on the
peninsula, all of which were unsuccessful.

 Another immediate problem was the determination of a national identity.

Malaysia was a mix of people from many races and cultures, and uniting
them under a common flag was not an easy enterprise.
Because Malays represented the majority, the constitution gave them
permanent spots in the government, made Islam the national religion, and
made Malay the national language; but the Chinese firmly dominated
business and trade, and most Malay were suffering economic hardships.
The government, controlled by the United Malay National Organization,
passed the New Economic Policy, which attempted to increase economic
opportunity for the Malay by establishing various quotas in their favor.
Unsurprisingly, many Chinese opposed the new arrangement and formed a
significant opposition party. In 1969, after the opposition party won a
significant seats, riots swepts through Kuala Lumpur and the country was
placed in a state of emergency for two years. It was a painful moment in the
young nation's history that most Malaysians prefer to forget.
In the last two decades, Malaysia has undergone tremendous growth and
prosperity, and has arguably made significant progress in race relations.
Many attribute the country's success to the dynamic leadership of Prime
Minister Mahathir bin Mohammed, who led the country from 1981 through
2003.

AFTER INDEPENDENCE UNTIL VISIT MALAYSIA

YEAR 1990
On 31 August 1957, Malaya achieved independence from Britain, signalling
a new phase of its life. After 446 years of colonial rule and occupation, the
Federation of Malaya, a constitutional monarchy government, was formed
out of the 11 states on the Malay Peninsula. The British maintained
Singapore as its crown colony because of its strategic location as a trading
port.
On 16 September 1963, Malaya together with British crown colonies Sabah,
Sarawak and Singapore merged to form Malaysia. The Sultanate of Brunei, a
British protectorate, initially expressed its interest in joining the federation
but later withdrew due to opposition from some of its people and
disagreements over the terms of merger. Singapore was expelled from
Malaysia in 1965 and became an independent country after a series of heated
political disagreement in economic, financial and social policies with the
ruling political party in the federal government.

 In the decades after independence, Malaysia's economy was

largely based on the agriculture sector and natural resources.
However, the 1980s and 1990s saw Malaysia diversified its
economy to manufacturing, services and tourism.

 Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) was first launched in 1990 with the theme
Fascinating Malaysia. Year of Festivals. The campaign was a huge
success with Malaysia charting 7.4 million in tourist arrivals compared to
4.8 million in 1989. To enable tourists to easily recognize Malaysia, the
Orang Utan, the endangered species found in East Malaysia was used as
a mascot and it was named Wira. Apart from it, Kuala Lumpurs famous
landmark, Sultan Abdul Samad building was featured as the official Visit
Malaysia Year 1990 logo. Malaysia Independence Day in August 31 was
the anchor for 84 major events, 14 festivals and nine exhibitions during
VMY 1990. Who could ever forget the song To know Malaysia is to love
Malaysia during VMY 1990?
The success of VMY 1990 has spurred another VMY in 1994. This time
around, the theme was Fascinating Malaysia. Naturally More. VMY
1994 maintained its words Fascinating Malaysia for the theme but
injected a punch line Naturally More to reflect more exciting things and
events lined up for that year. Orang Utan was once again used as the
mascot.

 he third VMY was launched in 2007 in conjunction with Malaysias 50th

Independence Anniversary. Hence, the theme Celebrating 50 years of
Nationhood was most befitting to reflect this important anniversary celebration.
Efforts were also intensified in all advertising and promotional activities,
including the call for action The time is now. The place is Malaysia together
with its successful and impactful slogan Malaysia Truly Asia. In line with the
50th Independence Anniversary, over 200 events across the country with 50 major
events were held to showcase Malaysias wealth of tourism attractions. All in all,
VMY 2007 charted a tremendous success beyond expectations with 20.97 million
in tourist arrivals and RM46.1 billion in tourist receipts. This means a rise of 3.42
million and RM9.8 billion from the previous year.
In 2014, Malaysia will celebrate its fourth Visit Malaysia Year with the theme
Celebrating 1Malaysia Truly Asia to reflect the diversity in unity of all
Malaysians. The Proboscis Monkey has been chosen as the mascot while the
promotional campaign has started in 2013 with a series of year-long special
events and activities leading to VMY 2014. This time around, VMY 2014 will be
the biggest and grandest ever tourism celebration with hundreds of events and
festivals all lined up to welcome the world. Overall, it is hoped that VMY 2014
will contribute to the Governments target to receive 36 million tourist arrivals
and RM168 billion in receipts by 2020, as outlined in the Malaysia Tourism
Transformation Plan (MTTP) 2020.

INTERNATIONAL

 The invention of money by the Sumerians (Babylonians)

and the development of trade beginning about 4000 BC
mark the beginning of the modern era of travel.
They also the first to invent cuneiform writing and the
wheel credited as the founders of the travel business.
5 thousand years ago, cruises were organized and
conducted from Egypt. Probably the first journey ever
made for purposes of peace and tourism was made by
Queen Hatshepsut to the land of Punt (believed to be on
the east coast of Africa) in 1480 bc.
Descriptions of this tour have been recorded on the walls
of the temple of Deir el-Bahri at Luxor

CONSERVATION AND
MAINTENANCE OF NATURAL
RESOURCES, CULTURE AND
HISTORICAL PLACES ?

 Promote a global community

Preservation of heritage and tradition
Breaks down language barries, class barries, vacial
barreies, political barries, and religious barries

SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT

Improve the quality of life

related to a higher level of
income
and
improve
standard of living.
Develops an infrastructure
that will also help stimulate
local
commercial
and
industry.

EMPLOYMENT

BENEFIT

Group insurance( Health, Dental and Life)

Sick leave
Salary package
Disability income protection
Housing ( employer- provided or employer- paid)

ECONOMIC
VARIATIONS TO A
COUNTRY

Increase income
Help to deversity the
economy
Provides tourist and
recerational facilities
that may be used by a
local population.

TOURISM : THE WORLDS LARGEST

INDUSTRY