GIS Applications in

FLUP

GIS 243 Objectives

To understand what is spatial and GIS analysis
To learn how to use GIS tools in creating, editing
and updating spatial data
To learn how to use GIS tools in analyzing maps
To learn how to effectively present spatial data
To apply the tools in GIS on a social science
problem

GIS and Geography

Geography Is the Science of GIS
providing the framework of analysis
geography's way of looking at the world through the
lenses of space, place, and scale;
geography's domains of synthesis: environmentalsocietal dynamics relating human action to the physical
environment, environmental dynamics linking physical
systems, and human-societal dynamics linking
economic, social, and political systems; and
spatial representation using visual, verbal,
mathematical, digital, and cognitive approaches.

Measuring and Integrating the Parts...

Social Factors
Biodiversity
Infrastructure
Land Use
Environmental
Condition

Means Seeing the Whole

What is GIS
An organized collection of computer
hardware, software, geographic data and
personnel
designed to efficiently capture,
Store, update, manipulate,
analyze
display all forms of geographically
referenced information.

Components of GIS
Hardware
Computer, printer, digitizer, etc
Software
GIS software (i.e. ArcInfo, Geomedia,
Arcview, MapInfo, ERDAS, ENVI)
Geographic Data
Maps, aerial photos, satellite imagery
Personnel
Inputs data, asks questions, implement
procedures

What type of questions can

GIS answer?
Where is it at..? Location
What exists at a particular location
Place name, post or zip code, latitude and
longitude

What type of questions can

GIS answer?
Where is it? Condition
Requires spatial analysis
Find a location where certain conditions are
satisfied

What type of questions can

GIS answer?
What has changed since? Trends
Find the differences within an area over time
Phenomena over space and time

What type of questions can

GIS answer?
What spatial patterns exist
Phenomena over space

What type of questions can

GIS answer?
What if? Modelling
Process of looking at characteristics from a
number of layers for each location to solve a
problem

What is GIS Analysis

Showing the geographic distribution of
data
Simple presentation of features or events
is part of analysis
Map is the analysis
Mind discerns spatial pattern
Which feature connect with each other
Which features are adjacent to others
Which features are contained in an area

 Which features intersect

Which features are near others
the difference in elevation of features
Relative position among features

What is GIS Analysis

Querying GIS data
Selecting from database
Identify and focus on specific set of features
attribute and location queries

Attribute or Aspatial
find features based on its attribute
What features are in the same category

 Location queries or spatial queries

Find features based on where they are

Important thing about these queries

is you see results on the map

What is GIS Analysis

Identifying whats nearby
What is near a feature
Output of one procedure can be used in
another

What is GIS Analysis

Overlaying different layers
Create new info from overlays
Several spatial overlay operations like union,
intersect, merge, dissolve and clip

What is GIS Analysis

Complex analysis
Combining all techniques
Create a model of the world to solve
complicated problems
GIS performs it rapidly repeat and with
different parameters

GIS programs

Arcview 3.x
ArcINFO
ArcGIS 9.x
Manifold
MapINFO
Image processing with GIS
ArcExplorer

Organization of Course
Introduction
What is GIS?
GIS programs and Arcview

Handling Data
- Displaying, tabular operations,

- Spatial Data Analysis

- Theme-on-theme selections
- Geoprocessing

- Presenting data

End