RESULTS OF POOR COMPACTION

TYPES OF
COMPACTING
EQUIPMENTS

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

Sheeps-foot type

may be towed by a tractor or self-propelled

a unit may consist of one or several drums mounted on one or more

horizontal axles

have static weights in the range of 15 to 40 tonnes

The weight of the drum may be varied by adding water or sand to produce
unit pressures under the feet up to 750 psi or more

quite effective in compacting clays and mixtures of sand and clay

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

Means of attaining the desired compaction:

1.

The number of passes of a roller, producing a specified unit pressure under

the feet, over each layer of soil.

2.

Repeated passes of a roller, producing a specified unit pressure under the

feet, over each layer of soil until the penetration of the feet does not exceed
a stated depth

3.

Repeated passes of a roller over each layer until the soil is compacted to a
specified density.

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

MODIFIED TAMPING ROLLERS

Segmented or Padded Roller

Grid Roller

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

1. TAMPING ROLLERS

2. SMOOTH-WHEEL ROLLERS

effective in compacting granular soils such as sand, gravel, and crushed

stone

effective in smoothing surfaces of soils that have been compacted by

tamping rollers

classified by type or by weight

TYPE:

3 Wheel 2 Axle Roller/ 2 Wheel Tandem Roller

3 Wheel Tandem Roller

2. SMOOTH-WHEEL ROLLERS

2. SMOOTH-WHEEL ROLLERS

2. SMOOTH-WHEEL ROLLERS

WEIGHT:

The rolls are steel drums, which may be ballasted with water or sand to
increase the weights

SPECIFICATIONS:

1.

Designating the weight

2.

Designating the weight per linear inch of roll

2. SMOOTH-WHEEL ROLLERS

3. PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS

surface rollers which apply the principle of kneading action to effect

compaction below the surface

may be self-propelled or towed

may be small- or large- tired units

Small-tired:

2 Tandem Axles with 4-9 tires on each axle

the rear wheels are spaced to travel over the surfaces between the front
wheels, which produces a complete coverage of the surface

3. PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS

3. PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS

Large-tired:

Sizes varying from 15 t0 200 tons gross weight

Utilize 2 or more big earth-moving tires on a single axle

capable of compacting all types of soils to greater depth

3. PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS

Methods of indicating the compacting ability of pneumatic rollers:

1.

Gross weight of the unit

2.

Gross weight per wheel

3.

Weight per inch of tire width

4.

Air pressure in the tires

3. PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS

PNEUMATIC-TIRED ROLLERS with Variable Inflation Pressures

the use of this type of roller usually permits adequate

compaction with fewer passes than were required by the
constant pressure rollers

4. VIBRATING COMPACTORS

Certain types of soil such as sand, gravel, and relatively large

stones respond quite well to compaction produced by a
combination of pressure and vibration

1.

Vibrating sheeps-foot rollers

2.

Vibrating steel-drum rollers

3.

Vibrating pneumatic-tired rollers

4.

Vibrating plates

4. VIBRATING COMPACTORS

Actuated by separate engines mounted on the rollers, or in some cases by

hydraulic drives which rotate horizontal shafts on which one or more eccentric
are mounted.

Vibrations may vary from 1000 to 5000 per min, with the actual number
corresponding to the natural resonant frequency of vibrations for the given
soil.

4. VIBRATING COMPACTORS

5. MANUALLY OPERATED
VIBRATORY PLATE COMPACTORS

Used for consolidating soils and asphalt (hot or cold mix) in locations where
larger units are not practical.

These-gasoline- or diesel- powered units are rated by centrifugal force,

exciter revolutions per minute, depth of vibration penetration(lift), feet per
minute travel, and area of coverage per hour.

5. MANUALLY OPERATED
VIBRATORY PLATE COMPACTORS