Disease Caused by Parasitic

Helminths
May AlsoVector for Other infectious Organism

Effects of helminth Upon the Host

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2.
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8.

Mechanical interfere with function

Invade n displace cell and tissue, producing
necrosis n loss function
Devour blood n cause anemia
Utilize food needed by the host
Induce or predispose to neoplasia
Introduce bacterial or other inf. Into tissue host
Devour tissue of host
Secrete toxic product (hemolysins, histolysins,
antikoagulan).

Immunity to Parasite
Humoral antibody respons
Cellular hypersensitivity (delayed

immunity)
Expultion of adult and larva stage
Direct interaction : antibody or T-memory
Immune induction nonspesific inflamatory
Most evident suggest that delayed
immune respons mediated by T-cell

Ascariasis ( common roundworm infection,

Ascarid worm infection)
Lession by migration pattern
1. Inf. Larva penetrate intestinal wall

liver
lung, break alveoli gain bronchi ascend
trachea swall develop in intestinal
lument
2. Larva migrate not only through liver and
lung bur olso in tissue prenatal infection in
fetus
3. Larva penetrated the wall of intestine

Obtruction in bile ichterus

Adult ascaris obstruction of intestinal lument,
fatal in young
Peritonitis
Liver: Intents inflamation, edema, neutrophil,
eosinophil, limfosit (as component inflamatory
reaction), larva caseus necrosis
In swine: difuse subscapula fibrosis (liver)
In lung: few residual, hemorhages: capiler to alveoli,
in heavy infestion: loss bronchiolar epitellium and
infiltrasi leukosit.
Produce nodule granulomateus in many site
(kidney, lung, eye, miocardium, brain, lymp node)

Ancylostomiasis (Hookworm Disease)

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7.

Cosmopolitan in distribution
Pathological effect:
Buccal cavity like tooth
Penetrasi by skin or ingestion
To lung, gain intestine via tracheal
Some larva may be carried by blood
Penetrasi in epidermis spesifick
dermatitis ( creeping eruption)
Fetal infection
Appear in milk ( Ancylostoma caninum)

Clinical manifestation

Secret anticoagulan and inhibit platelet aggregrat

Enteritis and loss of blood to anemia
Hyperplasia of the hemapoitik elemen in bone
morrow
Accompanied metaplasia in the spleen
Blunting and fision of intestinal villi
Inflamation and fibrosis of the lamina propria
Defectif nutrient absorbtion
At necropsi adult worm in small intestine
Mic: larva may in tissue section

andcause
Clinical
Signs
Pathogenesis
Developing larvae can
blood loss

(anemia),
acute gastritis with nodule formation.
Adult worms may be associated with chronic
catarrhal gastritis.
Clinical signs may include decreased feed
intake,
weight loss or decreased weight gain, diarrhea,
and/or agalactia in nursing sows.

Local effects of GI parasite in host

EFFECTS

AGEN

Traumatic damage

Hookworm

Lysis necrosis

Entamoeba histolitican

Tissue proliferation, inflamation

Numerous species

Granuloma formation

Shistosoma mansoni

Altered villus

Niprostrongulus brazilensis

Altered smooth muscle

Ascaris lumbricoides

Mechanical obtruction

Ascaris lumbricoides

Intestinal enzym deficiency

Numerous species

Impired obstruction

Giardia lambia

Altered respons to GI hormon

Trichinella spiralis

Intestinal secretion

Trichinella spiralis

Compotition for nutrients

Diphyllobothrium latum

Altered mobility

Numerus species

Hypersensitivity

Numerus species

TAPE WORM

NODULE WORM

Schistosoma mansoni