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Figure 5.1 The relationship between the pulmonary and the systemic circulations.
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Figure 5.2 The relationship between the heart and the different types of blood vessel.
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Figure 5.4 Interior of a vein: A. The valves and cusps. B. The direction of blood flow through a valve.
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Figure 5.5 The relationship between sympathetic stimulation and blood vessel diameter.
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Figure 5.7 Diffusion of nutrients and waste products between capillaries and cells.
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Figure 5.8 Effect of capillary pressures on water movement between capillaries and cells.
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Figure 5.13 The heart and the great vessels, viewed from the front.
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Figure 5.14 The left atrioventricular valve: A. Valve open. B. Valve closed.
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Figure 5.17 The aorta cut open to show the semilunar cusps of the aortic valve.
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Figure 5.18 The relationship between the systemic and pulmonary circulations.
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Figure 5.22 Diagram showing the elasticity of the walls of the aorta.
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Figure 5.24 The flow of blood through a vein, aided by the contraction of skeletal muscle.
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Figure 5.27 The relationship between stimulation of chemoreceptors and arterial blood pressure.
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Figure 5.31 Main arteries of the left side of the head and neck.
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Figure 5.32 The aorta and the main arteries of the limbs.
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Figure 5.33 The vena cavae and the main veins of the limbs. Deep veins in dark blue and superficial veins in light blue.
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Figure 5.34 Arteries forming the circulus arteriosus (circle of Willis) and its main branches to the brain.
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Figure 5.36 Veins of the left side of the head and neck.
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Figure 5.37 Venous sinuses of the brain viewed from the right.
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Figure 5.39 The superior vena cava and the veins which form it.
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Figure 5.41 The main veins of the right arm. Dark blue indicates deep veins.
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Figure 5.42 The aorta and its main branches in the thorax.
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Figure 5.43 The superior vena cava and the main veins of the thorax.
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Figure 5.45 The coeliac artery and its branches and the inferior phrenic arteries.
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Figure 5.46 The superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and their branches.
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Figure 5.47 Venous drainage from the abdominal organs and the formation of the portal vein.
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Figure 5.50 The right popliteal artery and its main branches.
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Figure 5.52 B. The venae cavae and main veins of the body.
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Figure 5.56 A. Normal and varicosed veins. B. Common sites for varicosities the leg, scrotum (varicocele) and anus (haemorrhoids).
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Figure 5.57 Mechanisms of oedema formation: A. Normal distribution of tissue fluid. B, C and D. Different mechanisms of oedema formation. Arrows indicate
direction of movement of water.
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Figure 5.59 The position of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus. The arrow indicates the direction of flow of blood from the pulmonary circulation into the aorta.
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Figure 5.60 Atrioseptal valve: normal and defective closure after birth.
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