PRESENTATION ON

INDIAN RAILWAY

Presented by-

Khusro Khan.

Indian Railway

History of Indian
Railway
First Indian Railway line was
opened on 16th April 1853.

The first train consisting

of one steam engine and
four coaches , traversed a
stretch of 21-miles
between Mumbai(Bombay)
and Thane.
Indian Railway has a
glorious past of more
than150 years serving the
nation.

Features of Indian
Railway
Indian Railway has a 3 tier
management system.
No strike in last 30 years
inspite of 17 lakhs workers.
It runs 12000 trains everyday.
It is largest railway system in
World under one management

It carries 1.4 crore passengers

and 16
lakh tonnes of goods every day.

It is fuel efficient system.

7000 stations & about 500
computerized passenger
reservation system.

Speed of Trains
Shatabdi
140kmph.

max

Rajdhani
130kmph.

max

Others
110kmph.

max

Railway Track
or
Combination
of
rails,
fitted
on
Permanent
sleepers and resting on ballast
and
subgrade is
Way
called the railway track or
permanent way.

Requirements of
an Ideal Permanent
Way
Both rails should be at the
same level.
Curves should be properly
designed.
Proper super elevation should
be provided.

Gauge
The maximum distance
between the running faces of
the two rails of a permanent
way is called GAUGE.

Dimension of gauges
1-Broad Gauge(BG)

1676mm(56)

2-Standard Gauge(SG) 1435mm

3-Metre Gauge(MG)

1000mm

4-Narrow Gauge(NG) 762mm(26)

5-Light Gauge

610mm

Types of Rails
1- Double Headed Rail.
2- Bull Headed Rail.
3- Flat Footed Rail.

Rail Failure
1-Crushed Heads.
2-Square or Angular Breaks.
3-Split Heads.
4-Split Web.
5-Horizontal Fissures.
6-Transverse Fissure.

Creep of Rails
Creep is defined as the
longitudinal movement of
the rail with respect to the
sleepers

Defects of Creep
(i) Sleepers move out of position
thereby the rail gauge.
(ii) Position of points and
crossings are disturbed.
(iii) Interlocking mechanism gets
disturbed.

Spikes
For holding the rails to the
wooden
Sleepers various types of spikes
are used.

Types of spikes
Dog spikes.
Screw spikes.
Round spikes.
Standard spikes.
Elastic spikes.

Bolts
(i) Dog or hook bolt.
(ii) Fish bolts.
(iii) Fang nut bolts.

Chairs
(i) Cast iron chair (C.I chairs).
(ii) Slide chairs.

Sleeper
Sleepers
s are the transverse ties
that are
Laid to support the rails.
They transmit wheel load from
the rails to the ballast.

Classification of sleepe
(i) Wooden sleeper
Cast iron sleeper

(ii) Metal sleeper

Steel sleeper

(iii) Concrete sleeper

Reinforced concrete
Sleeper (R.C.C)
Prestressed Concrete
Sleeper .

Sleeper Density
Sleeper density is the
number of sleepers Per
rail length. It is
specified as(M+x) or
(N+x), where M or N is
the length of the rail in
meters and x is a

Ballast
Single size aggregate used in rail
track construction. Generally has a
nominal size of 63mm or 53mm. Can
be used as a very coarse drainage
material.

Ballast
Ballast

Types of ballast
Sand ballast.
Moorum ballast.
Coal ash or cinder.
Broken stone ballast.

Queries Please?