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ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM POTATO

WASTE

GROUP MEMBERS:
Noor-ul-Ain Tahir
(11PWCHE0653)
Sundus Khushnood
(11PWCHE0646)
Micaiah Cyril Das
(11PWCHE0645)

SUPERVISOR:
Dr. SAEED GUL

7th Semester Agenda


1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Material balance
4. Energy balance

CONTENTS

Introduction
Aims and Objectives
Bio-Ethanol, its Properties and Uses
Feed Stock Selection
Process Selection

INTRODUCTION
Due to depleting sources of fossil

fuels , renewable energy is


gathering attention globally
Bio-Energy, one of these natural
lifesavers, can be viewed as a

prospective
replacement
to
petroleum derived fuels
One of the most utilized form of
Bioenergy is Liquid Bio-fuels
(biodiesel and bio-ethanol).
[1] Balat, M., H. Balat, and C. Oz. 2008. Progress in bioethanol
processing. Progress in

Aims and Objectives

Pollution Control
Depleting Natural Reserves

Economic Crisis

[2] www.economywatch.com/world_economy/pakistan/export-import

Bio-Ethanol

Bioethanol is an

alcohol, fermented
mostly from
Sugars or Starch crops
such as sugarcane,
corn, potatoes etc.
C2H5OH
Common Name:
Ethanol

Properties of Bioethanol
Ethanol is a colorless liquid with a pleasant smell.
Eco friendly
Lower toxicity level

boosting is higher than MTBE


Octane
LD-50 = 5628 mg/Kg body weight
[3] ChemIDplus - 64-17-5 - LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alcohol [USP] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas,
resource links, and other chemical information.
[4] Sanchez O.J. and Carlos A. Cardona. 2008. Trends in
biotechnological production of fuel ethanol from different
feedstock. Bio resource Technology 99(13) : 5270-5295

USES
Ethanol is used :
As solvent for many substances and for
manufacturing perfumes , paints , and explosives
As beverage product for use in spirits, beers and
wines
Used pure, or blended with Gasoline, and utilized
as a Fuel in automobiles
As an antifreeze agent in automobile radiators
[5] de Oliveria M.E.D, B.E. Vaughan, and Jr. E.J. Riykiel. 2005.
Ethanol as fuel: energy, carbon dioxide balances, and ecological
footprint. Bioscience 55: 593-602.

Feed Stock Selection

Various Feed Stocks


Sugar containing crops,

Lignocellulosic material

and starchy material.


of feed stock is a major factor in process
Type

selection.
Sugar as a feed stock requires no pretreatment
whereas the later are inexpensive in comparison
[6] C.E. Wyman, Ethanol fuel, in: C.J. Cleveland, R.U. Ayres, R.
Costanza, J. Goldemberg, et al. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Energy, vol.
2, Elsevier Science, 2004, pp. 541555.

Starch As Feed Stock


Why was Potato waste Selected as Raw material?
Inexpensive Feed Stock.
Inexpensive and easy pre-treatment.
18% of the potato, processed in chips industry, is
wasted which is a nuisance when proper disposing is
concerned
5-20% of waste potatoes from potato cultivation
Inedible
Saves edible resources if potato waste is utilized.
[7] Bureau of Environment Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Criteria
of wastewater (in Japanese); Bureau of Environment: Tokyo, 2002
[8] Schieber A,StintzingFC,CarleR.By-products of plant food
processing as a source of functional compounds recent
developments. Trends in Food Science & Technology 2001;12:401

Process Selection
Various process employed for ethanol fermenting
hydrolysis and fermentation
Separate

Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation


Direct Microbial Conversion
[9]J. D. Wright, Ethanol from lignocellulose: an overview. Energy
Prog. 8(2), 71 (1988).
[10]J. D. Wright, Ethanol from biomass of enzymatic
hydrolysis.Chem. Eng. Prog. 62, August (1988):
[11]J. D. Wrieht. C. E. Wvman and K. Grohmann. Simul-taneous
s&harification and fermentation of lig&cellulose: process evaluation.
App. Biochem. Biotechnol. 18,
75 (1988).

Simultaneous Saccharification and


Fermentation (SSF)
Originally developed for lignocellulosic biomass in 1974, can
be employed for Starchy feed Stock under VHG conditions
Rapidly converts Sugars into Ethanol, reducing their buildup
time, since the sugar hold up the conversion process
can achieve greater yields than competing processes

Hence
now known
It is of interest for fuel ethanol production because of its
potential to increase fermenter throughput, and reduced
processing costs

Slide 12 : References
[12] W. F. Gauss, S. Suzuki and M. Takagi, Manufacture of alcohol from cellulosic
materials using plural ferments. U.S. Pat. No. 3,990,944, November 9,-1976.
[13] M. Takaai. S. Abe. S. Suzuki. G. H. Emert and N. Yata. A methanol for production
of alcohol directly from cellulose using cellulasc and yeast. Proc. Bioconwrsion
Symp. IlT, Delhi, India, 55i (1977).
[14] P. J. Blotkamo. M. Takaai. M. S. Pemberton and G. H. Enert, Enzymatic
hydrolysis of cellulose and simultaneous saccharification to alcohol. AIChE Symp.
Ser. 74, 85 (1978).
[15] M. Holtzapple, Inhibition of Trichoderma reesei cellulose by sugars and
solvents, American Institute of Chemical Engineers 1989, Annual Meeting, San
Francisco, CA, November 8, 1989.
[16] M. Takagi, Inhibition of cellulase by fermentation products. Biotechnol.
Bioeng. 24, 1506 (1984).
[17] Thomas KC, Hynes SH, Jones AM, Ingledew WM. Production of fuel alcohol from
wheat by VHG technology: effect of sugar concentration and fermentation
temperature. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1993;43:21126.
[18] Thomas KC, Hynes SJ, Ingledew WM. Practical and theoretical considerations in
the production of high concentrations of alcohol by fermentation. Process Biochem
1996;31:32131.

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