GSM BASED PATIENT HEALTH

MONITORING SYSTEM

WHY MONITORING?
India has just one doctor for every 1,700 people

~ Survey, 2014

Statistics reveal that every minute a human is losing his/her life

across the Globe.
More close in India, everyday many lives are affected by heart
attacks and more importantly because the patients did not get
timely and proper help.
Majority of ICUs in India are being run as open or semi closed
units, with unaccountable custodians.

OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH

To design and develop a reliable, energy efficient
patient monitoring system, that is able to send
parameters of patient in real time.
It enables the doctors to monitor patients health
parameters (temperature, heartbeat, position) in real
time.
Here the parameters of patient are measured
continuously (temperature, heartbeat) and wirelessly
transmitted using ZigBee.
Any abnormality felt by the patient is indicated by an
alarm signal.
This project provides a solution for enhancing the
reliability and flexibility by improving the
performance and power management of the patient
monitoring system.

ALGORITHM
1. Different sensors are connected to the patients body
at appropriate positions to collect real time data about
his health.
2. These data are then compared to standard threshold
values to check if the patient is in normal condition.
3. Accordingly, the information about the patient is
updated in the database on doctors PC.
4. Continuous monitoring of health parameters of the
patient is being achieved by wireless transmission of
sensors output through ZigBee technology.
5. In case of any emergency condition, an alarm is also
sent to the doctors mobile in the form of a SMS alert,
through GSM modem describing that immediate visit is
required by the doctor.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
SENSO
R1

PATIENT

ARM
CONTROLLER

SENSO
R2

Y
DOCTORS
PC

ZIGBEE

ZIGBEE

GSM MODULE
DOCTORS
MOBILE

IMPLEMENTATION
1. ARM PROCESSOR
. ARM is a general purpose 32-bit microprocessor.
. The parameters to be monitored are sensed using respective
sensor and data is feed to ARM.
. This unit is the heart of the complete system.
. It will monitor & control all the peripheral devices or
components connected in the system

2. HEART SENSOR

 Heart beat sensor is designed to give digital output of heart

beat when a finger is placed inside it.
This digital output can be connected to ARM directly to
measure the Beats per Minute (BPM) rate.
ICLM358 is used for this sensor. Its dual low power
operational amplifier consists of a super bright red LED and
light detector. One will act as amplifiers and another will be
used as comparator.
When heart pumps a pulse of blood through blood vessels,
finger becomes slightly more opaque so less light reach at
the detector.
With each heart pulse, the detector signal varies which is
converted to electrical pulse.
It works on the principle of light modulation by blood flow
through finger in each pulse.

3. TEMPERATURE SENSOR- LM35

LM35 series are precision integration-circuit temperature

sensors whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the
Celsius temperature.
The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming
to provide typical accuracies.
This is three legs IC that directly gives analog output.
This unit requires +5V DC for it proper operation.

4. ZIGBEE
ZigBee is Wireless Networking Technology and is an
established set of specifications for wireless personal area
networking (WPAN), i.e., digital radio connections between
computers and related devices.
Data rates of 250 kbps with 10-100 meter range(@2.4Ghz)
Two addressing modes; 16-bit short and 64-bit IEEE
addressing.
CSMA-CA channel access.
Power management to ensure low power consumption.
16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band.
Low latency.

ADVANTAGES
Easy and Reliable for Doctors:
In a hospital, either the nurse or the doctor has to move
physically from one person to another for health check, which
may not be possible to monitor their conditions continuously.
Thus any critical situations cannot be found easily unless the
nurse or doctor checks the persons health at that moment.
Reduces strain of the doctors who have to take care of a lot
number of people in the hospital.
Increase efficiency:
The number of nurses required for keeping a check on
patients in ICU can be reduced to a large extent.
More Accurate:
Chances of human error in checking different health
parameters is also reduced, also the database can be
updated time to time.

CONCLUSION
From the above designed project we can conclude that we
are able to transmit the data which is sensed from remote
patient to the doctors PC by using wireless transmission
technology, ZigBee.
This can be of great use in the field of medicine and helps
the doctors to keep a keen eye on the patients health.

"To get rich never risk your health. For it isthe

truththat health is the wealth of wealth.

~Richard Baker

REFERENCES
1. Neha Mahajan, K.T.V. Reddy, Wireless Monitoring of
Physiological parameters using ZigBee technology, in CIT
journal of Research, Volume 1, Issue 3, Nov. 2010, Pages:
154-162.
2. Y. Hao and J. Foster, Wireless sensor networks for health
monitoring applications, Physiological Meas., vol. 29, no.
11, pp. R27R56, 2008.
3. S. Ohta, H. Nakamoto, Y. Shinagawa, and T. Tanikawa, A
Health monitoring system for elderly people living alone, J.
Telemedicine and Telecare, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 151156, Jun.
2002.
4. N. Hamza, F. Touati, and L. Khriji,Wireless biomedical
system design based on ZigBee technology for autonomous
healthcare, in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., Comput., Power
(ICCCP09), Muscat, Feb. 1518, 2009, pp. 183188.

THANK YOU!!