Spring 2010

Telecom Switching

Course Introduction
Instructor:
Taimoor Shah

Credit

Hours:

Lectures:
2 per week 1.5 hrs each

Lab:
No formal lab
2
Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Introduction
Communication:
Email / In-person

Office:
In front of Directors office

Consultation

Time:

Section A: Thursday 12:30 to 2:00

Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Introduction
Medium

of Instruction:

English

Attendance:
University policy (80%)
Pre-requisite:
Telecom Systems

4
Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Introduction
Textbook:
Data Communications & Networking, by

Behrouz Forouzan (3rd or 4th Edition)

Reference

Books:

Data and Computer Communications, by

William Stallings

Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Assessment
Quizzes:
Five quizzes over the semester
2% each
Short (5-10 min)
May be announced or unannounced

Assignments:
Two assignment projects
5% weight each
Research Assignments
Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Assessment
Mid-Term

Exam:

2 mid-term exams
15% each
Week 6 and Week 11
1 Hour exam
Covers preceding weeks lectures

Final

Exam:

50% marks
Covers ALL lectures
3 Hours exam
Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Course Outline

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Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Course Outline

Telecom Switching, Spring 2010

Lectures Server
Lectures

are posted on Lectures

server
Can be accessed from inside and
outside the university
Look for folder Taimoor Shah >
Spring2010 > TelecomSwitching
Other relevant material, e.g. ebooks, assignments, solutions posted
too
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How to get better

grades?
You

know it

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Week 1

Introduction &
Motivation

Data Communication
The

term telecommunication
means communication at a distance.
The word data refers to information
presented in whatever form is
agreed upon by the parties creating
and using the data.
Data communications are the
exchange of data between two
devices via some form of
transmission medium such as a wire
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Figure 1.1 Five components of data communication

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Characteristics
Delivery
Accuracy
Timeliness
Jitter

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Data representation
Text
Numbers
Images
Audio
video

1.16

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Fundamental problem

The

fundamental problem of
communication is that of
reproducing at one point either
exactly or approximately a message
selected at another point - The
Mathematical Theory of
Communication, Claude Shannon
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Contemporary Data
Comms
trends
traffic growth at a high & steady rate
development of new services
advances in technology

significant

change in requirements

emergence of high-speed LANs

corporate WAN needs
digital electronics
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Spectrum for Cloud

Computing
Cloud

computing can only deliver

the full benefits when there is
ubiquitous and affordable broadband
access. Continuity of access will
encourage consumers to make
greater use of cloud computing
services and SMEs to focus more on
developing new content and
services Microsoft General Counsil
Brad Smith (26th Jan 2010)
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A Communications
Model

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Communications Tasks
Transmission system utilization Addressing
Interfacing

Routing

Signal generation

Recovery

Synchronization

Message formatting

Exchange management

Security

Error detection and correction

Network management

Flow control
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Data Communications
Model

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Transmission Medium
selection

is a basic choice

internal use entirely up to business

long-distance links made by carrier

rapid

technology advances change

mix
fiber optic
wireless

transmission costs still high

hence interest in efficiency

improvements

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Networking
growth

of number & power of

computers is driving need for
interconnection
also seeing rapid integration of
voice, data, image & video
technologies
two broad categories of
communications networks:
Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
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Wide Area Networks

span

a large geographical area

cross public rights of way
rely in part on common carrier
circuits
alternative technologies used
include:
circuit switching
packet switching
frame relay
Asynchronous
Transfer
Mode (ATM)
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Spring 2010

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Circuit Switching
uses

a dedicated communications
path established for duration of
conversation
comprising a sequence of physical
links
with a dedicated logical channel
eg. telephone network

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Packet Switching
data

sent out of sequence

small chunks (packets) of data at a
time
packets passed from node to node
between source and destination
used for terminal to computer and
computer to computer
communications
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Packet Switching

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A Network Switch

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Frame Relay
packet

switching systems have large

overheads to compensate for errors
modern systems are more reliable
errors can be caught in end system
Frame Relay provides higher speeds
with most error control overhead
removed

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Asynchronous Transfer
Mode
ATM
evolution of frame relay
fixed packet (called cell) length
with little overhead for error control
anything from 10Mbps to Gbps
constant

data rate using packet

switching technique with multiple
virtual circuits
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Local Area Networks

smaller

scope

Building or small campus

usually

owned by same organization

as attached devices
data rates much higher
switched LANs, eg Ethernet
wireless LANs

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Metropolitan Area
Networks
MAN
middle

ground between LAN and

WAN
private or public network
high speed
large area

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The Internet
Internet evolved from ARPANET
first operational packet network
applied to tactical radio & satellite nets

also
had a need for interoperability
led to standardized TCP/IP protocols

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Internet Elements

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Internet Architecture

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Example Configuration

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Trends in Telecom in 2010

(UK)
What

will have the biggest impact on

networking and telecoms in 2010?
Passing of the Digital Economy Bill
Auction of "digital dividend" spectrum
More surveillance by the authorities of
who is on the net and what they are doing
Increasing congestion on mobile networks
as people switch to smart (ie, mobile
networked) devices
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Latest trends
Lots

more investment by mobile and fixed

network operators to boost capacity, speed,
reliability and quality of service
Increasing use of mobile and social network
technology to reach customers, workers and
friends
Growing pressure for homogenity with respect to
technology platforms, regulations and prices
throughout Europe, and increasingly, the world
Climate change and the need to be green to rise
up the agenda for both cost and political reasons
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