ARREST, SEARCH AND

HANDCUFFING
TECHNIQUES
RODRIGO A GRANADILLOS,M.M
MPRI-ICITAP INSTRUCTOR

PURPOSE

TO KNOW THE DEFINITION OF ARREST

AND SEARCH.
TO DISCUSS THE LIMITATION OF THE
HANDCUFFS AND TO POINT OUT
SITUATIONS WHICH REQUIRE AN
OFFICER TO USE HANDCUFFS.
TO REVIEW THE ACCEPTED TECHNIQUES
OF APPLYING HANDCUFFS.
TO EMPHASIZE AND EXPLAIN IMPROPER
PRACTICES WHICH REDUCE THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HANDCUFFS.

Stopping

Receiving the Initial call

Message always originates at the desk, by way
of telephone call
Telephone conversation must be clear and
concise
Callers name and address should be taken as
well as the name of the place from which the
call is originated
Officer should make a calculated effort to
thoroughly understand the information being
transmitted in all detail.

 Receiving

initial call

Should write information out, repeating

to caller such points as numbers,
address, and names
Desk officer will facilitate the taking of
the call and the gathering of the
information by skillful use of the basic
interrogatives: who, whose, what, which,
how, where, when, and why

Receiving the dispatch

Radio dispatch will be the first notification to
the patrol officers that dangerous situation has
arisen
Upon receiving the dispatch, stop his vehicle
and copy the actual facts of the message (one
man patrol)
One officer may copy the message while the
patrol car continue in motion (two man-patrol)
Every dispatch broadcast should be repeated
slowly at least once

 Weapon

check

Inspection should be conducted, to

determine the serviceability of the
firearms
Weapons may examined inside the
patrol car; it should be especially noted,
patrol car ideally be in parked position
for safety purposes

 Sighting

the suspects vehicle

Comparison of the car in view should be

made with the notes taken from the
dispatch broadcast
If the police officer sighting the dangerous
suspects vehicle is one man patrol, he
should under no circumstances, attempt to
stop vehicle
Rather, he should immediately report to
headquarters his location, the rate of
speed of the suspects car, and the
direction in which it is travelling

Effects of various weapons

in stopping
Stopping

power
Psychological advantage

Two types of approach

Routinary

approach

A daily activities of the police officer

assigned in the field
High

risk approach

A dangerous activities of the police

officer with suspected criminals with
arms

High risk approach

Removal

of the driver

Dont turn your heads. Keep looking straight

forward
Driver! Grasp the top of the steering wheel
with both hands
You, in the front seat, put your hands on the
windshield, palms against the glass
You, in the rear seat, put your hands on the
back of the front seat, palms up
Keep looking straight ahead
Nobody move until you are directed to do so

 Opening

the door

Driver, slowly move your left arm out of

the window
Now, slowly remove your right hand
from the steering wheel and open the
door of your car from the outside with
your right hand (be ready for any
movement of the drivers hand)

 Removal

of the keys

Put your right hand back on the steering

wheel
Slowly, reach down with your left hand
and remove your keys from the key
switch
Drop the keys to the ground outside the
car (be alert to other passenger of the
car)

Removal of the driver suspect

Driver, keep your hands on the steering
wheel and slowly come out of the door
backwards
Now,(once he has his two feet on the
ground), put your hands, up in the air as
high as you can get them

Then apply the position of handcuffing

you want with clear and concise
commands.

 Removal

of other suspects

Same order and command with the

driver
Buddy is in charge of the other suspect
in the car (be alert of the movement)

ARREST DEFINED
Arrest

is the taking of a
person into custody so he
can answer for the
commission of an offense.

WHEN ARREST MAY BE LEGALLY

EFFECTED

In general, an arrest can be validly

effected only upon lawful order of a
competent court or judge upon a
warrant.
However, it may also be lawfully
effected even without a Warrant in the
following instances:
When the person to be arrested has
committed, is actually committing, or is
attempting to commit an offense in the
presence of the person effecting the arrest

When an offense has in fact just been

committed and the person to effect the
arrest has personal knowledge of facts
indicating that the person to be arrested
has committed it ; and

When the person to be arrested is a

prisoner who has escaped from a penal
establishment or place where he is serving
final judgment or temporarily confined while
his case is pending, or has escaped while
being transferred from one confinement to
another, or who has been rescued after his
arrest

HOW TO EFFECT ARREST

Arrest

is effected by taking actual

custody of the person to be
arrested or by his submission to
the custody of the person making
the arrest.
No unnecessary or unreasonable
force shall be used and the person
arrested shall not subjected to any
greater restrain than is necessary
for his detention.

DISPOSITION OF ARRESTED
PERSON
WITHOUT

UNNECESSARY DELAY,
DELIVER THE PERSON ARRESTED
TO THE HEADQUARTERS FOR
BOOKING.

METHOD OF ARREST

When making an arrest by virtue of a

warrant which he needs not carry with
him, an arresting officer must inform
the person to be arrested of the cause
of the arrest and that a warrant has
been issued for his arrest, except in
the following instances;
When that person to be arrested flees;
When such person forcibly resists before
the officer has an opportunity to inform
him;
When giving such information will imperil
the arrest

TECHNIQUES IN MAKING
ARREST

INITIAL CONTACT WITH THE SUBJECT:

Identify yourself in a clear audible voice

Show identification card, if not in
uniform
Inform the subject that he is under
arrest
Consider the possibility that the subject
is wanted for other crimes

 POLICE

OFFICERS CONDUCT:

Be natural and pleasant but forceful

and aggressive
Dominate situation
Voice must command authority
Demand prompt and absolute
obedience
Nervousness should be controlled
Avoid acting tough as the subject
will be first to detect it

 Avoid profanity as it reflects

personality weakness
Avoid being reticent or apologetic
Avoid unnecessary conversation
Agent in charge does the talking
and gives the command

 Making

the Arrest:

Use good judgment in connection

with the arrest
Assume that the subject is armed
and will take your life if given
opportunity

Arrest on Street:
Should be made from side or rear
when possible.
Subject should be forced toward the
building.
Avoid congested areas when
possible.

ARREST AT HOME, OFFICE OR

BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENT:
Restrict the subjects movement. Do
not grant request for personal
privileges before being searched.
Clothing and other things requested
should be examined for weapons or
items of evidence before turning
them over to the subject.

 PLANNING

THE ARREST:

Responsibility of the cop acting in his absence

If the arresting party is composed of two (2) or
more members, somebody must be placed in
charge preferably the most experienced
Consider the arresting and covering parties
Consider protection of innocent bystanders
Prevent escape of the subject

Discreet reconnaissance of the area

Determine the weapons and equipment
needed
Consider superiority of (a) manpower, (b)
firepower
Is plan simple enough?
Consider the Element of Surprise
Consider Speed in the execution of the paln
Consider concealment or cover that might
be available both in effecting arrest and in
removing the subject from the building
Briefing officer should ask participants if
they have any questions to ask relative to
the plan.

SUMMONING ASSISTANCE
In

order to effect a lawful

arrest a police officer may
orally summon as many
private persons as he deems
necessary to help him.

SEARCH

SEARCH DEFINED
Search

is an examination
of an individuals person, house
or effects or other buildings and
premises to discover contraband
or some evidence of guilt to be
used in the prosecution of a
criminal action.

SEARCH INCIDENTAL TO A
LAWFUL ARREST
A SEARCH WITHOUT WARRANT MAY

BE EFFECTED/INCIDENTAL TO A
LAWFUL ARREST.

TYPES OF SEARCHES

THE FRISK - a cursory search of the

suspicious person for weapon large
enough to be detected through clothing.

THE FIELD SEARCH - a more detailed

search of the arrested person in which
every square inch is covered and both
weapons and evidence are removed.

THE STRIP SEARCH - a thorough

examination of the prisoner and his
clothing in which his clothing is
removed body openings probed and all
clothing carefully scrutinized.

ACTIONS OF THE OFFICER

CONDUCTING FIELD
SEARCH

Do not allow the prisoner/suspect to

remain ON balance;
Do not allow yourself to be caught OFF
balance;
Use only one hand to conduct the searchleaving the other free to hold your gun
or to control the prisoner/suspect;
Keep your eyes on the suspects head
and shoulders in order to detect
immediately any movement which he
might make;

Action of the officer.

Make

your commands to the

prisoner/suspect clear and brief;
Never walk between the
prisoner/suspect and the covering
officer;
Never turn your back on the suspect;
Stay well out of the prisoner/
suspects reach until he is in
position to be searched;

 Grab

and squeeze the clothing- do

not simply pat it. Flat handled
knives, razor blades and the like
will not be discovered by patting
the body;
Do not abuse the prisoner/suspectbe cool, objective and ignore any
abusive remarks be makes;
Do not searched from the frontthis is the most dangerous way to
attempt to search an arrested
person.

POSITIONING THE
PRISONER/SUSPECT

WALL SEARCH POSITION

ACTION OF POLICEMAN
STANDING SEARCH POSITION
KNEELING SEARCH POSITION
PRONE SEARCH POSITION
CONTACT AND COVER OFFICER

ANOTHER POWERPOINT

CONTACT AND COVER

THE COVER OFFICER

When

two officers are present to

conduct field search, the second
officer is the cover officer.
His sole function is to provide
the searching officer with the
firearms cover;
He stand well out of reach of the
prisoner/suspects with his gun
pointed directly at them;

 When

the searching officer moves

either from one side of suspect to the
other or from one suspect to another,
the cover officer steps forward and
makes certain that the searching
officer circles around behind him;
This eliminates the need for the
searching officer to walk between the
cover officer and the
suspect/prisoner.
Contact officer and cover will not give
order or talking with the suspect at
the same time.

USES

OF HANDCUFFS

THE USE OF HANDCUFFS

Handcuffs are commonly used by law

enforcement.
Moment of relaxation has resulted in
the escape of a suspect or in seriously
injured police officer.
Every police officer must remember a
most fundamental fact- handcuffs do
not immobilize. Suspect can still kick
and if the cuffs are improperly applied,
they can become a lethal weapon in
the hand of a desperate man.

TYPES OF HANDCUFFS

DOUBLE-LOCKED BY INSERTING
THE KEY IN THE LOCK AND THEN
TURNING IT COUNTERCLOCKWISE.

DOUBLE-LOCKED BY INSERTING A
SMALL TIP AT THE TOP OF THE
KEY INTO SMALL HOLE IN THE
HANDCUFF STEM.

ALWAYS DOUBLE-LOCK
Handcuffs should always be doublelocked when ever they are used, this
prevents or reduces the possibility of
picking or slipping the locking
mechanism.
If the suspect struggles the cuffs may
tighten and cut into his wrist, thus
providing the injuries for accusation of
police brutality.
Officer can determine if the cuffs is
double-locked by applying pressure on
the handcuff jaw.

CARE AND USE OF

HANDCUFFS
Handcuffs must be checked frequently,

cleaned and lubricated to prevent any

malfunction in times of emergency.
Responsibility to protect himself, the public
and the suspect/prisoner.
Generally police officer adopted the policy of
handcuffing every felony suspect at the time
of his arrest-regardless of age, sex or race.
Normally a person arrested for a
misdemeanor charge or for violating a city
ordinance is not handcuff, except if the
suspect offer resistance either at the scene
or en route to jail.

PROPER USE OF
HANDCUFFS
Handcuffs

are used to restrain a

suspect to give the arresting officer
greater control of the situation.
Dont handcuff a suspect/prisoner
to a fixed object.
Dont handcuff suspect/prisoner
with hand in front of him.
Dont handcuff yourself to the
suspect/prisoner.

Do not forget to double-lock and check

the handcuffs after they have been
applied.
Do not search the suspect without
handcuff.
Do not use handcuffs on mentally
disturbed person except as a
temporary restraining device to allow
you to secure their hands with padded
straps or other materials with which
they cannot injure themselves.
Do not use the handcuffs as a come
along.
Do not leave handcuffs single-locked

HANDCUFFS ARE PROPERLY APPLIED

WHEN THE OFFICER ALLOWS
SAFEGUARDS

He must remain alert for any

unexpected moves.
He approaches the prisoner/suspect
from the rear or the side.
He maintains control of the
suspect/prisoner and keeps him off
balance.
The suspect is thoroughly searched.

 The

suspect is handcuffed with

hands behind his back and palms
facing outward.

The

handcuffs are double-locked.

They

are checked by pulling or

pushing on the handcuff jaw.

TWO SUSPECTS AND ONE PAIR

OF HANDCUFFS
Handcuffing

the right wrist of

one suspect to the left wrist
must be avoided.

Handcuffing

of two suspect must

be right wrist to right wrist,
placing his arm behind him, palm
pacing outward.

QUESTION ???

Reminder!!!

TRAIN HARD
AND
STAY SAFE..
GRANIEEND