Evolution Of OB

 Scientific Management.
- First approach to the study of
management,popularsied during early 1900s.
- W.Taylor is closely identified with this
approach.
- Taylor developed an interest in efficiency &
productivity.
Evolution Of OB
 He come across a phenomenon of what he
calls “Soldiering”.
 Managers were completely unaware of this,
because they never studied jobs in the plant.
 They had little idea as to how to enhance
productivity.
Evolution Of OB
 Taylor studied all the jobs in Madvale plant
and developed a standardized method of
performing each job.
 Introduced peace rate pay system in which
each worker was paid for the amount of work
he completed during the workday.
Evolution Of OB

 All employees are economically motivated.

 Monetary rewards are the primary incentives

managers can use to motivate workers to
achieve higher levels of output.
Evolution Of OB
 Labor opposed the scientific management
- Exploitation the laborers
- dehumanize the workplace and reduce the
workers to robots.
Evolution Of OB
 Classical organization theory.
- Henry Fayol,Max Weber.
- was concerned with the structuring of the
organization.
- How a large number of workers and managers
could be most efficiently organized into an
overall structure.
Evolution Of OB
 Weber Suggested bureaucratic form of
structure.
- Rules and procedures
- Distinct dividing of labor
- Hierarchy of authority
- Technical competence
- Segregation of ownership
Evolution Of OB
 Documentation.
Evolution Of OB
 Emergence of OB
- Precursors of OB
- In 19th century – Robert Owen,Brtish
industrialist, attempted to improve the
condition of industrial workers.
- raised the minimum wages for hiring children
- Introduced meals for employees.
Evolution Of OB
 German psychologist argued that
understanding field of psychology is
important.
 Another writers in the early 1900s,mary
Parker – Management should become more
democratic while dealing with the employees.
Evolution Of OB
 The Hawthrone studies
The Hawthrone studies were conducted
between 1927 and 1932.
- William Dickson, Elton Mayo, Fritz
Roethlisberger.
Evolution Of OB
 A piece work incentive system was
established.
 Hawthrone researchers found instead the
group as a whole established an accepted
level of performance for its members.
 A worker who wanted to be accepted by the
group could not produce at too high or too
low.
Evolution Of OB
 The power of peer group and the importance
of group importance on individual behavior
and productivity was confirmed in this study.
Evolution Of OB
 The Relay assembly room study.
The study took place between 1927 – 33.
Evolution Of OB
 Human Relations Movement.

Hawthrone studies led to the emergence of an

entirely new school of management thought –
Human Relations Approach.
Evolution Of OB
 Towards OB
- OB began to emerge as a mature subject I
the late 1950s and early 1960s

- The period saw a the field’s evolution from

the simple assumption and behavioral models
of the Human Relationists to the concepts
and methodologies of a scientific descipline.