TUTORIAL 1

XU Xiaonan
09/02/2015

Office
TAs: Xu, Xiaonan (xxuae@ust.hk)

Lu, Jianjie (jluaj@connect.ust.hk)

Song, Ruyuan
(rsongab@connect.ust.hk)
Office: RM1213 (Lift 21, near the exit)

Applications of Heat Transfer

Air conditioning
Refrigeration
Water harvesting
Power generation

Modes of heat transfer

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Conduction
Conduction Fouriers Law

Solid matter (its thermal conductivity k)

Temperature difference along one direction
Heat flux

T1
T2
T1>T2

Three necessary components for a conduction problem!

Two of them will be known directly or indirectly to calculate
the third

Convection
Convection Newtons Law of Cooling

Fluid

T
q

Ts

Radiation
Radiation Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Emissive power:
Irradiation:
Absorbed irradiation:

Radiation exchange:
surrounding
irradiation
surface

emissive power

Energy conservation
Thermodynamic:
First law: Heat, Work and Energy
Description: Any thermodynamic system in an equilibrium state possesses
a state variable called the internal energy .

change in internal energy

Energy conservation for a control volume

Over a time interval:

Ein

Est

Closed systems
Steady-flow

Eg

Eout

Surface Energy Balance

Conservation Energy(Instant in Time):
With no mass and volume, energy storage and
generation (volumetric) are not pertinent to the energy
balance, even if they occur in the medium bounded by
the surface

 Q1,A square silicon chip (k=150W/mK) is of width w=5mm on a side

and of thickness t=1mm. The chip is mounted in a substrate such that
its side and back surfaces are insulated, while the front surface is
exposed to a coolant. If 4W are being dissipated in circuits mounted
to the back surface of the chip, what is the steady-state temperature
difference between back and front surfaces?

 Q2,A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains

electronics that dissipate 150W. If the probe surface has an emissivity
of 0.8 and the probe does not receive radiation from other surfaces,
as, for example, from the sun, what is its surface temperature?

 Q3,Radioactive wastes are packed in a long, thin-walled cylindrical

container. The wastes generate thermal energy nonuniformly
according to the relation , where is the local rate of energy generation
per unit volume, is a constant, and is the radius of the container.
Steady-state conditions are maintained by submerging the container
in a liquid that is at and provides a uniform convection coefficient h.
Obtain an expression for the total rate at which energy is generated in
a unit length of the container. Use this result to obtain an expression
for the temperature Ts of the container wall.

Q4. Matlab to solve the 4th order equation

5.3865 108 Ts4 102Ts 31813 0

Use Matlab to solve the 4th order equation