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(MUTATION)
Mutations
Mutations
Types of Mutation
Mutations can be classified according to their effects
on the protein (or mRNA) produced by the gene that is
mutated.
Point Mutations
Frameshift Mutations
Point Mutations
Silent Mutation
The genetic code is degenerate (most amino acids are coded for
by several alternative codons), the resulting new codon may still
code for the same amino acid.
These mutations affect the DNA but not the protein. They have
no effect on the organisms phenotype.
Missence Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Frameshift Mutations
The acid randomly modifies the base adenine so that it will pair
with cytosine instead of thymine. HNO2 causes GC base pairs to
become AT base pairs, and AT base pairs to become GC base
pairs
Base Analog
5-Bromouracil
UV Light
UV Light
An enzyme cuts the DNA at two point and removes the damaged
portion.
UV Light
Mutation Rate
Mutation Rate
Sickle-cell anemia
Sickle cell
anemia
... CAT ...
Coding:
Codon:
Amino
acid:
... GLUTAMIC
ACID ...