ARYAMAN SINGH DEV

VII A

HISTORY - MUGHAL ART AND

ARCHITECTURE

INTRODUCTION
Mughal architecture is the architectural
style developed by the Mughals in the 16th,
17th and 18th centuries throughout the
extent of their empire in the Indian
subcontinent.
It was an amalgam of Islamic, Persian, and
Indian architecture.
Examples of the style can be found in India,
Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh.

THE MUGHAL EMPIRE

The Mughal dynasty was established after the victory of

Babur at Panipat in 1526.
During his reign, Babur took interest in erecting buildings.
His grandson Akbar built widely, and the style developed
during his reign. He built a tomb for his father Humayun, the
Agra Fort, and the fort-city of Fatehpur Sikri. Akbar's son
Jahangir commissioned the Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir.
Mughal architecture reached its zenith during the reign of
Shah Jahan, who constructed the Jama Masjid, the Red Fort,
the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore, and the most famous
Mughal monument, the Taj Mahal.
While Shah Jahans son Aurangzeb built some buildings such
as the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, his reign corresponded
with the decline of Mughal architecture and the Empire itself.

MAIN CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES

The Mughals constructed excellent

mausoleums, mosques, forts, gardens
and cities.
The main characteristics are :

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The usage of Iwans

Extensive use of arches
Gardens, fountains and pools
Domes
Symmetry

FAMOUS MUGHAL ATTRACTIONS

Some famous mughal attractions IN

INDIA are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TAJ MAHAL IN AGRA

RED FORT IN DELHI
JAMA MASJID IN DELHI
HUMAYUNS TOMB IN DELHI
FATEHPUR SIKRI IN UTTAR PRADESH

TAJ MAHAL

This is the most popular

example of Mughal
architecture which was built
by Shah Jahan in memory of
his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
Taj Mahal is in Agra, India
and was built in 1648.
Taj Mahal is also one of the
worlds seven wonders and
its white marbled tomb is
the main thing behind its
fame.
Today the popularity of the
Taj Mahal shows that the
love of Shah Jahan for his
wife was very pure.

RED FORT

Red Fort commonly known as Lal Qillah is located in Old

Delhi, India.
It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. It was built
in the walled city of Old Delhi. In its early days this fort
served as residence for the Mughal Emperors.
But later on Mughal emperor Shah Jahan shifted his capital
from Agra to Red Fort.
The construction of the red fort was started in 1638 and was
completed in 1648, Red Fort is also included in the list of
World Heritage Sites.

JAMA MASJID

The Masjid-i Jahn-Num commonly known as the Jama

Masjid of Delhi, is the principal mosque of Old Delhi in India.
Commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, it is the
largest and best-known mosque in India.
Construction began in 1650 and was completed in 1656.
It lies at the beginning of the Chawri Bazar Road, a very busy
central street of Old Delhi.

HUMAYUNS TOMB
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Humayuns Tomb is located in Delhi,

India. Its close to the Purran Qilla in old
Delhi, India.
This tomb was built by the wife of
Humayun named Haji Begum.
Humayuns Tomb was the first garden
tomb on the Indian Subcontinent and it
was also the first building to use red
sandstone at such a large scale.
Humayuns Tomb is also included in the
list of world Heritage sites by UNESCO,
it was included in the list in 1993 and
since than the restoration work is going
on in the Tomb.
Mughals last emperor Bhadar Shah
Zafar took refuge in this fort during the
last days of Mughal Dynasty and was
captured by British army in the late
19th century.

FATEHPUR SIKRI

Fatehpur Sikri is a city and municipal board in Agra district, Uttar

Pradesh, India.
Fatehpur Sikri was built by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1569.
After that Akbar shifted the capital of the state from Agra to Fatehpur
Sikri, which served as Mughal dynasty capital from 1571 to 1585 AD.
Fatehpur Sikri was a full planned walled city with many types of
buildings like, guest houses, Diwan, Masjids in it.
This Mughal Building is also included in the list of world heritage sites.

CONCLUSION

Th

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BY ARYAMAN
CLASS VII-A

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