Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
(MPLS)
Sookyoung Lee
Agenda
Problems
of traditional IP routing
Motivations for MPLS
Objectives of MPLS
What is MPLS?
of Traditional IP Routing
latency at every hop
Header
No
Some
No
No
growth of Internet
Increase in traffic volumes
Voice and data convergence on a single
network infrastructure
New latency dependent applications
Ever-increasing number of ISP networks
Still IP protocol suite popular the most
predominant networking technology
Objectives of MPLS
Speed
up IP packet forwarding
By
Prioritize
IP packet forwarding
By
Without
network
What is MPLS?
A technology
MPLS
Applications
TCP
PPP
PPP
UDP
IP
MPLS
Frame
4
3
ATM (*)
ATM
FR
Relay
MPLS Architecture
LSP
Routing protocol
FEC table
Attributes
Label table
Label Switch
Classification
Label assignment
Label swapping
Label removal
OSPF
OSPF
Local table
Local table
Local table
Local table
Local table
Layer 2
Layer 2
Layer 2
Layer 1
Layer 1
Layer 1
Core
Node
Egress
Node
OSPF
Local table
Precedence
Ingress
Node
MPLS terminology
Label
FEC
Label
32bits
20bits
3bits 1
Label
EXP
8bits
TTL
NL header
L3 data
ATM-MPLS label
GFC
VPI
VCI
Label
PTI
CLP
HEC
DATA
Label Stack
Layer 2 Header
Label 3
Label 2
Label 1
MPLS Domain 1
MPLS Domain 2
MPLS Domain 3
IP Packet
Address prefix
Host address
QoS
FEC 1 label a
FEC 2 label b
143.67.25.77
124.48.45.20
143.67.12.01
FEC 3 label c
143.67.84.22
FEC 4 label d
124.48.66.90
LSR
MPLS Cloud
IP Packet
IP Packet w/ Label
LER
Uses LIB to decide the outgoing path and the outgoing label
L3 Routing
Ingress LER
Ordinary
IP Router
LSR
L3 Routing
L3 Routing
LER
LER
Egress LER
LSP
LSR
Label Swapping
LSR
Label Swapping
LER
L3 Routing
Can be an ATM switch or a router
Ingress LER performs the following:
Adds label
LSP
L3 Routing
LSP defines the path through LSRs from ingress to egress router
FEC is determined at the LER-ingress
LSPs are unidirectional
LSP might deviate from the IGP shortest path
Currently,
available:
LDP messages
Discovery
Session
Messages - UDP
Messages - TCP
Advertisement
Notification
Messages - TCP
Messages - TCP
Rd
Ru
Label-FEC Binding
Rd
Label-FEC Binding
Unsolicited Downstream
Ingress Ingress
Interface Label
1
Ingress Ingress
Interface Label
138.120
12
12
MPLS switch
3
127.20
MPLS switch
1
Mapp
in g
5
ping
p
a
M
MPLS switch
192.168
MPLS switch
Ingress Ingress
Interface Label
12
2
138.120
Ingress Ingress
Interface Label
138.120
127.20
MPLS switch
1
t
ues
Req
pin
Map
Reque
st 1
g5
138.120
1
3
12
MPLS switch
192.168
MPLS switch
3
1
38.120
Mapp
in g
Ingress Ingress
Interface Label
138.120
12
MPLS switch
.12
138
12
Downstream allocation
Downstream-on-Demand allocation
Incoming label
Outgoing label
Outgoing path
Address prefix
Incoming
label
Address Prefix
Outgoing
Path
Outgoing
label
O ut
In tf
O ut
Label
In
A d d re s s
L a b e l P r e f ix
O ut
In tf
O ut
Label
In
A d d re s s
L a b e l P r e f ix
O ut
In tf
O ut
Label
1 2 8 .8 9
1 2 8 .8 9
1 2 8 .8 9
1 7 1 .6 9
1 7 1 .6 9
1 7 1 .6 9
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
9
4
1 2 8 .8 9 .2 5 .4 d a ta
1 2 8 .8 9 .*.*
1 2 8 .8 9 .2 5 .4 d a ta
1
1 2 8 . 8 9 .2 5 .4 d a ta
1 2 8 .8 9 .2 5 .4 d a ta
1
1 7 1 .6 9 .*.*
LER
Core
MPLS
Network
End System
End System
MPLS Network
MPLS Interworking Architecture
LER
Routing
Protocol
Core LSR
LDP
TCP/UDP
Routing
Protocol
IP
LDP
TCP/UDP
LER
Routing
Protocol
IP
LDP
TCP/UDP
IP
LER
IP
IP
Layer2
Layer2
PHY
PHY
Core LSR
MPLS
MPLS
LER
End
System
IP
IP
MPLS
Layer2
Layer2
Layer2
Layer2
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
Layer2
Layer2
PHY
PHY
QoS Support
Engineering
support
Multiprotocol
Support
MPLS
What is TE?
MPLS
LER1
LSR2
LSR3
LER4
LSR 2
LER 4
LSR 3
15
31
Length
Reserved
Weight
TE-RSVP
VPN support
With VPN, the traffic of a given enterprises or group passes transparently through
the Internet in a way that effectively segregates that traffic from other packets on
the Internet.
LDP
VPN
LDP
VPN
VPN B
P3
P5
P1
VPN A
VPN B
LDP
VPN
P2
P4
LDP
VPN
VPN A
Multiprotocol Support
References
MPLS Charter:
http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mpls-charter.html
MPLS Resource Center: http://www.mplsrc.com
MPLS Forum: http://www.mplsforum.org
Basic RFCs
RFC 3031/3032 MPLS Forwarding/Architecture
RFC 3036 MPLS LDP Specification
RFC 3215 LDP State Machine
RFC 2205 MPLS Signaling RSVP
RFC 3209 MPLS Signaling RSVP-TE