01 - LTE-EPS Overview v2.0

LTE/EPS Overview
LTE/EPS Fundamentals Course
For public use IPR applies

1
Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy

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2
Module Objectives
After completing this module, the participant should be able to:
Understand the reasons driving to the LTE/EPS project.

List the LTE/EPS main requirements.
Discuss the future of wireless communications.
Compare LTE/EPS capabilities with other mobile technologies.
Review the 3GPP specification work concerning LTE/EPS.
Identify the major steps in the Network Architecture Evolution
towards an LTE/EPS network.
Underline the LTE/EPS key features.
Briefly explain the basics of the LTE Air Interface.
Name the Standardisation bodies around LTE/EPS.
Introduce IMT-Advanced and LTE-Advanced
3
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE main requirements
LTE versus other Mobile technologies
LTE Specification work
Network Architecture Evolution
LTE key features
Basics of the LTE Air Interface
Standardisation around LTE
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

4
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

5
A little bit of History

New technologies developed in the last 15
years in telecommunication brought available

transmission rates to a total new level.
Two systems have affected the life of nearly
everyone:
mobile communication via 2G network
like GSM
Wired & wireless data connectivity
(xDSL & WLAN IEEE 802.11/a/b/g
standards)
3G networks the first step towards a
convergence between both networks

6
The way to LTE: 3 main 3G limitations

1.- The maximum bit rates still are factor of 20 and more
behind the current state of the art systems like 802.11n and
802.16e/m. Even the support for higher mobility levels is not an
excuse for this.
2.- The latency of user plane traffic (UMTS: >30 ms) and of
resource assignment procedures (UMTS: >100 ms) is too big
to handle traffic with high bit rate variance efficiently.
3.- The terminal complexity for WCDMA or MC-CDMA systems
is quite high, making equipment expensive, resulting in poor
performing implementations of receivers and inhibiting the
implementation of other performance enhancements.

7
The way to the Long-Term Evolution (LTE): a 3GPP

driven initiative
LTE is 3GPP system for the years 2010 to 2020 and
beyond.
It shall especially compete with WiMAX 802.16e/m
It must keep the support for high mobility users like
in GSM/UMTS networks
The architectural changes are big when comparing
to UMTS
First LTE commercial deployments are expected in
2010.

8
LTE Drivers
Wireline Evolution:
pushes higher data rates
Wireless Data
extensively used:
Pushes more capacity
Driving to clear
LTE Targets
Other Wireless
technologies:
Competition pushes new
capabilities
9
Flat Rate pricing:

pushes cost efficiency
What are the LTE challenges?

The Users expectation
..leads to the operators challenges
Best price, transparent flat rate

Full Internet
Click-bang responsiveness
reduce cost per bit

provide high data rate
provide low latency
User experience will have an

impact on ARPU
Price per Mbyte has to be reduced

to remain profitable
Throughput
Latency
Fa
cto
r
2-3
or
10
ct
Fa
HSPA
Cost per MByte
LTE
HSPA
LTE
UMTS
HSPA
I-HSPA
LTE
LTE: lower cost per bit and improved end user experience
10
Reduction of network cost is necessary to remain

profitable
Traffic volume
Traffic
Revenues and Traffic

decoupled
Profitability
/bit
Revenue
Network
cost
Time
Voice
dominated
Data
dominated
Source: Light Reading (adapted)

11
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

12
LTE Main Requirements

Next step for
GSM/WCDMA/HSPA
Networks, but also for
cdma2000 operators
A true global roaming technology
Peak data rates to
exceed 100 Mbps in

DL / 50 Mbps in UL
Low latency 10-20 ms
Enhanced consumer experience
Scalable bandwidth: from

1.4MHz up to 20 MHz
OFDM technology
Spectral efficiency increased (2-4
times compared with HSPA Rel6)

Flat Architecture, optimized PS
IP based interfaces
13
Easy to introduce on any

frequency band
Decreased cost / GByte
Schedule for 3GPP releases

Next step for
GSM/WCDMA/HSPA
Networks, but also for
cdma2000 operators
A true global roaming technology
3GPP Specification work:

IMS
HSDPA
UMTS Rel 99/4
2000
UMTS Rel 5
2003
MBMS
WLAN IW
HSUPA
IMS Evolution
LTE Studies
LTE & EPC
UMTS Rel 6
UMTS Rel 7
UMTS Rel 8
2005
2007
2008
2009
year
LTE have been developed by the 3GPP, the same standardization organization responsible fro
WCDMA/HSPA. The target has been simple multimode implementation and backwards
compatibility.
HSPA and LTE have in common:
Sampling rate using the same clocking frequency
Same kind of Turbo coding
The harmonization of these parameters is important as sampling and Turbo decoding are typically
done on hardware due to high processing requirements.
WiMAX and LTE do not have such harmonization.
14
Comparison of Throughput and Latency (1/2)

Enhanced consumer experience:
Peak data rates to
- drives subscriber uptake
exceed 100 Mbps in

DL / 50 Mbps in UL
- allow for new applications

- provide additional revenue streams
Max. peak data rate

350
300
Mbps
250
Downlink
Uplink
173 Mbps in DL
57 Mbps in UL
200
150
100
50
0
HSPA R6

15
Evolved HSPA
(REL. 7/8, 2x2
MIMO)
LTE 2x20 MHz

(2x2 MIMO)
LTE 2x20 MHz

(4x4 MIMO)
Comparison of Throughput and Latency (2/2)

Enhanced consumer experience:
Reduce Latency:
- drives subscriber uptake
User Plane 10-20 ms

Control Plane < 100 ms
- allow for new applications

- provide additional revenue streams
USER PLANE Latency:
CONTROL PLANE Latency:
Latency (Roundtrip delay)*

GSM/
EDGE
HSPA
Rel6
ACTIVE
ECM_
Connected
(EPS Bearer
allocated)
IDLE
ECM_Idle
(no
resources)
HSPAevo
(Rel8)
LTE
0
20
40
60
* Server near RAN

16
80
100
120
140
mi ma
n
x
160 180 200 ms
DSL (~20-50 ms, depending on

operator)
< 100 ms
Scalable
Bandwidth
Scalable bandwidth
Easy to introduce on any

frequency band: Frequency
Refarming
(Cost efficient deployment on lower
Scalable bandwidth:
from 1.4MHz up to
20 MHz
frequency bands supported)

Urban
2.6 GHz
LTE
UMTS
2.1 GHz
or
2.6 GHz
2.1 GHz
2006
LTE
LTE
UMTS
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Rural
UMTS
900 MHz GSM
LTE
or

17
2006
LTE
GSM
900 MHz
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Increased Spectral Efficiency

OFDMA technology
increases Spectral
efficiency
LTE target is to increase 2-4 times
the HSPA R6 spectral efficiency

HSPA R7 and WiMAX have Similar
Spectral Efficiency
All cases assume 2-antenna terminal reception

HSPA R7, WiMAX and LTE assume 2-antenna BTS transmission (2x2 MIMO)
ITU contribution from
WiMAX Forum shows
downlink 1.3 and uplink 0.8
bps/Hz/cell
Simulations show LTE can

provide:
>3 times HSPA R6
spectral efficiency in DL
>2 times HSPA R6
spectral efficiency in UL

18
Reduced Network Complexity

Flat Architecture: 2 nodes
Flat Architecture,
architecture
IP widely used as the network layer
in the protocol stack of all interfaces
(both for the control and user plane)
Optimized PS Domain
IP based Interfaces
Flat, IP based architecture

Access
Core
Control
MME
IMS
HLR/HSS
Internet
Evolved Node B
19
Gateway
LTE Requirements Summary

1.- Simplify the RAN:
- Reduce the number of different types of RAN nodes, and their
complexity.
- Minimize the number of RAN interface types.
2.- Increase throughput.
3.- Reduce latency (which is a prerequisite for CS replacement).
4.- Improve spectrum efficiency.
5.- Provide greater flexibility with regard to the frequency bands in which the
system may be deployed (Frequency Refarming)
6.- Migrate to an optimized PS domain, with no CS domain in the core
network.
7.- Provide efficient support for a variety of different services. Traditional CS
services will be supported via VoIP, etc.
8.- Minimise the presence of single points of failure in the network above
the evolved Node Bs (eNBs).
9.- Support inter-working with existing 3G systems and non-3GPP specified
systems in order to support handover to/from these systems.
10.- All-IP transport network.
11.- Improve terminal power efficiency.
20
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

21
History and Future of Wireless

1990
mobility
2000
2005
2010
time
WCDMA/cdma2000
HIGH
GSM/IS95
AMPS
3G
LTE
HSPA
3G Enhacements
3G Evolution
2G
1G
WiMAX Family
802.16a/d
Fixed WiMAX
LOW
WLAN Family
< 200 kbps

22
802.11
< 1 Mbps
< 10 Mbps
802.11a/b/g
< 50 Mbps
802.16e
Mobile WiMAX
802.11n
< 100 Mbps
data rates
< 1 Gbps
WiMAX and HSPA/LTE Technology Positioning

Spectrum
HSPA for paired FDD spectrum

LTE initially for paired FDD
spectrum
WiMAX initially for unpaired TDD
spectrum
Licenced
Licenced
FDD
FDDband
band
HSPA/LTE
HSPA/LTE
Licenced
Licenced
TDD
TDDband
band
WiMAX
WiMAX
Interworking
Tight interworking between 3GPP

technologies (HSPA, LTE) including
common network management and
handovers
Loose interworking between 3GPP
and WiMAX
GSM
WCDMA
LTE
Terminals and services
LTE terminals include GSM/HSPA for full coverage
WiMAX/LTE initially in USB modems and embedded
in laptops while GSM/HSPA supports also CS voice

HSPA/LTE/WiMAX for broadband IP services

23
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

24
3GPP LTE specification work completed so far
End 2004 3GPP workshop on UTRAN Long Term Evolution

Beginning 2005
Study item started
December 2005
Multiple Access selected
March 2006 Functionality split between radio and core
September 2006
Study item closed & approval of the work items
December 2007
1st version of all radio specs approved
December 2008
3GPP REL. 8: content Finalized
March 2009 Protocol Freezing (Backwards compatibility starts)
Standardization
LTE
Workshop
Start of the
Study
2004
2005
Multiple Access
Decision
Close Study and

Start Work Item
1st full set of

specifications
Content
Finalized
Protocol
Freezing
2007
2008
2009
2006
RAN/CN
functional split
PDCP moved from

CN to EUTRAN
Technology
25
FDD/TDD Frame
Structure Alignment
3GPP Release 9 and beyond

During 2008 the 3GPP has analyzed topics to be included in the Release 9 .
Examples of those topics are:
LTE MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast System): operation of a
broadcast carrier.
Self Optimized Networks (SON)
Network Sharing
Enhanced VoIP support in LTE
Requirements for LTE Multi-band and Multi-Radio base stations
2008
Demonstrate LTE
Air Interface
Japan
Performance

26
2009
Operator Trials.
Friendly-use
networks
2010
LTE Networks
Launch:
commercial
solution available
2011 & beyond
Large Scale LTE Networks.

VoIP service optimized.
3GPP R9
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

27
NSN Network Architecture Evolution (1/4)

3GPP Rel 6 / HSPA
Internet
Node B
RNC
SGSN
GGSN
User plane
Control Plane
Original 3G architecture.
2 nodes in the RAN.
2 nodes in the PS Core Network.
Every Node introduces additional delay.
Common path for User plane and Control plane data.
Air interface based on WCDMA.
RAN interfaces based on ATM.
Option for Iu-PS interface to be based on IP.
28

3GPP Rel 7 / HSPA
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
Node B
RNC
Direct tunnel
User plane
Control Plane
Separated path for Control Plane and User Plane data in the PS
Core Network.
Direct GTP tunnel from the GGSN to the RNC for User plane data:
simplifies the Core Network and reduces Signalling.
First step towards a flat network Architecture.
30% core network OPEX and CAPEX savings with Direct Tunnel.
The SGSN still controls traffic plane handling, performs session and
mobility management, and manages paging.
Still 2 nodes in the RAN.
29

3GPP Rel 7 / Internet HSPA
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
Node B
(RNC Funct.)
Direct tunnel
User plane
Control Plane
I-HSPA introduces the first true flat architecture to WCDMA.

Standardized in 3GPP Release 7 as: Direct Tunnel with collapsed
RNC.
Most part of the RNC functionalities are moved to the Node B.
Direct Tunnels runs now from the GGSN to the Node B.
Solution for cost-efficient broadband wireless access.
Improves the delay performance (less node in RAN).
Deployable with existing NSN WCDMA base stations.
Transmission savings
30

3GPP Rel 8 / LTE
MME
SAE GW
Internet
Evolved Node B
Direct tunnel
User plane
Control Plane
LTE takes the same Flat architecture from Internet HSPA.

Air interface based on OFDMA.
All-IP network.
New spectrum allocation (i.e 2600 MHz band)
Possibility to reuse spectrum (i.e. 900 MHZ)

31
NSN Network Architecture Evolution - Summary

3GPP Rel 6 / HSPA
Internet
Node B
RNC
3GPP Rel 7 / HSPA
SGSN
GGSN
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
Node B
3GPP Rel 7 / Internet HSPA
RNC
Direct tunnel
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
Node B
(RNC Funct.)
3GPP Rel 8 / LTE
Direct tunnel
MME
SAE GW
Internet
Evolved Node B
32
Direct tunnel
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

33
LTE/SAE Key Features

EPS ( Evolved Packet System ) /
SAE ( System Architecture Evolution ) /
LTE ( Long Term Evolution )
EUTRAN
( Evolved UTRAN )
EPC ( Evolved Packet Core )
IP Network
IP Network
IP Network
OFDMA/SC-FDMA
MIMO ( beam-forming/
spatial multiplexing)
Evolved Node B /
No RNC
PS Domain only,
No CS Domain
HARQ
IP Transport Layer
IP Transport Layer
Scalable bandwidth
UL/DL resource
scheduling
QoS Aware
(1.4, 3, 5, 10, .. 20 MHz)

34
QoS Aware
3GPP (GTP) or
IETF (MIPv6)
Self Configuration
Prepared for
Non-3GPP Access
LTE/SAE Key Features EUTRAN 1/2

Evolved NodeB
No RNC is provided anymore
The evolved Node Bs take over all radio management functionality.
This will make radio management faster and hopefully the network
architecture simpler
IP transport layer
EUTRAN exclusively uses IP as transport layer
UL/DL resource scheduling
In UMTS physical resources are either shared or dedicated
Evolved Node B handles all physical resource via a scheduler and assigns
them dynamically to users and channels
This provides greater flexibility than the older system
35
LTE/SAE Key Features EUTRAN 2/2

QoS awareness
The scheduler must handle and distinguish different quality of service
classes
Otherwise real time services would not be possible via EUTRAN
The system provides the possibility for differentiated services
Self configuration
Currently under investigation
Possibility to let Evolved Node Bs configure themselves
It will not completely substitute the manual configuration and optimization.

36
LTE/SAE Key Features EPC (Evolved Packet Core)
Packet Switched Domain only

No circuit switched domain is provided
If CS applications are required, they must be implemented via IP
Only one mobility management for the UE in LTE.
3GPP (GTP) or IETF (MIPv6) option
The EPC can be based either on 3GPP GTP protocols (similar to PS
domain in UMTS/GPRS) or on IETF Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6)
Non-3GPP access
The EPC will be prepared also to be used by non-3GPP access networks
(e.g. LAN, WLAN, WiMAX, etc.)
This will provide true convergence of different packet radio access system

37
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

38
Multiple Access Methods

Frequency Division
Time Division
User 3
User ..
OFDMA
CDMA
TDMA
FDMA
User 2
User 1
Frequency Division
Code Division
Orthogonal subcarriers
s
e
d
co
OFDM is the state-of-the-art and most efficient and robust air interface
39
LTE/SAE Air Interface 1/3

OFDMA
Downlink multiplexing
OFDMA stands for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple
Access
Receiver complexity is at a reasonable level
it supports various modulation schemes from BPSK, QPSK,
16QAM to 64 QAM.
SC-FDMA
Uplink multiplexing
SC-FDMA stands for Single Carrier Frequency Division
Multiple Access, a variant of OFDMA
The advantage against OFDMA to have a lower PAPR
(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio) meaning less power
consumption and less expensive RF amplifiers in the
terminal.
40
64QAM
Modulation

MIMO
Multiple Input Multiple Output
LTE will support MIMO as an option,
It describes the possibility to have multiple transmitter
and receiver antennas in a system.
Up to four antennas can be used by a single LTE cell
(gain: spatial multiplexing)
MIMO is considered to be the core technology to increase
spectral efficiency.
HARQ
Hybrid Automatic Retransmission on reQuest
HARQ has already been used for HSDPA and HSUPA.
HARQ especially increases the performance (delay and
throughput) for cell edge users.
HARQ simply implements a retransmission protocol on
layer 1/layer 2 that allows to send retransmitted blocks
with different coding than the first one.
41
TX
RX
Tx
MIMO
Channel
HARQ Hybrid
Automatic
Repeat Request
Rx

Scalable bandwidth
LTE air interface allows to drive cells with
1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz &
20 MHz.
This gives the required flexibility for
operators to use spectrum allocations not
available to a non-scalable wide-band or
ultra-wide-band system.
scalable
DL: OFDMA
UL: SC-FDMA

42
Requirements for LTE Air Interface

OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)
HSDPA (Rel6)
Target
SAE/LTE
Peak Bit Rate

(Mbps)
14.4
> 100
173
Spectral
Efficiency
(bps/Hz/cell)
0.75
2 - 4 times
HSDPA
1.84
DOWNLINK
UPLINK
SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access)

43
HSUPA (Rel6)
Target
SAE/LTE
Peak Bit Rate

(Mbps)
5.67
> 50
57
Spectral
Efficiency
(bps/Hz/cell)
0.26
2 - 4 times
HSUPA
0.67
SC-FDMA is technically close to OFDMA, but is more power efficient

Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

44

Collaboration agreement established in December 1998. The
collaboration agreement brings together a number of
telecommunications standards bodies: ARIB, CCSA, ETSI,
ATIS, TTA, and TTC.
More in www.3gpp.org
Next Generation Mobile Networks. Is a group of mobile

operators, to provide a coherent vision for technology
evolution beyond 3G for the competitive delivery of
broadband wireless services.
More in www.ngmn.org
LTE/SAE Trial Initiative. Is was founded in may 2007 by a group
of leading telecommunications companies.
Its aim is to prove the potential and benefits that the LTE
technology can offer.
More in http://www.lstiforum.com/
45
3GPP List of
Specification Series
36 Series contains most

part of LTE related
specifications for Radio

46
NGMN Alliance
LTE /SAE approved by the

NGMN as first technology which
broadly meets NGMN
requirements
47
LSTI (LTE-SAE Trial Initiative)

- joint test bed for LTE worldwide
.. active parties within LSTI

LSTI initiatives goals/objectives
Schedule & Program Office:
demonstrate feasibility and

capabilities of 3GPP LTE-SAE
technology under real world
conditions. Indoor & outdoor tests
2007
2008
Test of OFDM Air Interface
accelerate development of 3GPP

specification by identifying
shortcomings out of test phases
reduce risk of market introduction of

new LTE-SAE technology
IODT
2010
Proof of Concept
Test of basic
functions
Interoperability
IOT
Friendly customer
trials
Public Relation work

48
2009
Trials
PR
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

49
LTE Advanced
Mobility
HIGH
IMT-2000
IMTAdvanced
IMT-2000 Evolution
LOW
1 Mbps
WCDMA
10 Mbps
HSPA
100 Mbps
LTE
1 Gbps
data rates
LTE-Advanced
IMT-Advanced is a concept for mobile systems beyond IMT-2000

During 2009, ITU will submit a request for IMT-Advanced candidates. Radio interface
submission deadline is expected October 2009.

IMT Target bit rates:
100Mbps for high mobility users
1Gbps for low mobility users
3GPP has already started to work on the IMT-Advanced targets under the name:
LTE-Advanced. To be part of 3GPP REL 10.
50
Module Contents
Why LTE?
LTE key features
IMT-Advanced
LTE Summary

51
Overview of LTE/SAE design benefits

New Architecture
Flat Architecture: 2-node architecture
PS Core Network optimized
No CS Core Network
Access
Core
LTE BTS
(eNodeB)
MME/GW
Improved Radio Principles

RF Modulation:
peak data rates [Mbps ]: 173 DL , 57 UL
OFDMA in DL
Scalable Carrier Bandwidth:
SC-FDMA in UL
1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz
Short latency: 10 20 ms
RAN
MME
GW
2 - 4 times better spectral efficiency that HSPA
Rel. 6
New Interfaces Design

Simplified Protocol Stack
Simple, more efficient QoS
IP network layer
52
eUtran
Control
IMS
HLR/HS
S
Appendix

53
The right solution for each segment

W-CDMA/HSPA
For operators with 3G spectrum
WiMAX
LTE
Broad terminal eco system
Fixed or mobile network operators with WiMAX

spectrum
Mainstream; 3G evolution leverage large

installed 3G base
High data security and QoS
Device eco system started to evolve
Quick and cost-effective upgrade

of existing networks
Optimized wireless-DSL services
Utilizes 2G and 3G spectrum efficient refarming with flexible bandwidth
High capacity and low latency
Broad terminal eco system expected
Seamless 2G/3G handover

global coverage, global roaming
Flat and IP based architecture
Highest capacity, lowest latency
Short term availability
Very flat and IP based architecture
Proven technology
High speed data rates

with full mobility
54
High speed data with

limited mobility
Broadband multimedia
with full mobility

01 - LTE-EPS Overview v2.0

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LTE/EPS Overview

LTE/EPS Fundamentals Course

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Nokia Siemens Networks Academy

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Understand the reasons driving to the LTE/EPS project.

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

A little bit of History

years in telecommunication brought available

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

The way to LTE: 3 main 3G limitations

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

The way to the Long-Term Evolution (LTE): a 3GPP

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Flat Rate pricing:

What are the LTE challenges?

..leads to the operators challenges

Best price, transparent flat rate

reduce cost per bit

User experience will have an

Price per Mbyte has to be reduced

Cost per MByte

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Reduction of network cost is necessary to remain

Revenues and Traffic

Source: Light Reading (adapted)

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

For public use IPR applies

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

LTE Main Requirements

A true global roaming technology

Peak data rates to

exceed 100 Mbps in

Enhanced consumer experience

Scalable bandwidth: from

times compared with HSPA Rel6)

Easy to introduce on any

Decreased cost / GByte

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Schedule for 3GPP releases

A true global roaming technology

3GPP Specification work:

LTE & EPC

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

Comparison of Throughput and Latency (1/2)

Peak data rates to

- drives subscriber uptake

exceed 100 Mbps in

- allow for new applications

Max. peak data rate

For public use IPR applies

LTE 2x20 MHz

LTE/EPS Overview / Jose Maria Anarte / v 2.0 / Document Number

LTE 2x20 MHz