POVERTY

Definition
From Latin word, Pauper which
means poor.
having insufficient income to obtain
the minimum means necessary for
survival namely basic food, housing
and clothing.
It also includes social deprivation,
such as denial of employment,
participation in social institutions, and
education.

How to Measure Poverty

Survey: a representative sample of people are asked to answer

questions on their income and spending.

Budget Standard Approach: a poverty line is calculated based on
the cost of a specific basket of goods and services that are considered
by experts, to represent a basic living standard.
Food Ratio Method: where the poor are distinguished from the
non-poor by the proportion of their money spent on necessities such
as food, clothes and shelter.
Social Security Poverty Line: when lowest level of social welfare
payment is used as equivalent to a poverty line.
United Nations Poverty Index: combines measures such as life
expectancy, literacy, long-term unemployment and relative income.

Types of Poverty
Absolute Poverty - It is the extreme kind of poverty involving the

chronic lack of basic food, clean water, health and housing.

Relative Poverty - condition in which people lack the minimum

amount of income needed in order to maintain the average standard of

living in the society
Situational Poverty (Transitory) - People or families can be poor

because of some adversities like earthquakes, floods or a serious illness.

Generational or Chronic Poverty - This is when poverty is handed

over to individuals and families from generations before them.

Causes of
Poverty

Income distribution/

Inequality
Lack of quality education
Lack of Jobs/ Job loss
Corruption
Natural Calamities
Over Population
War
Adverse ecology and location
Ill Health and Disability
Gender discrimination
Family conflict

Effects of
Poverty

Malnutrition/ hunger
Poor Economic growth
Bad living conditions
Child Labor
Crime/ Theft
high infant and child mortality rates
illiteracy
homelessness and susceptibility to

violence.
People indulge in social vices such as
drugs, prostitution and petty crimes as
a means to meet their immediate needs.
Migration
People are vulnerable to diseases
Death

Cycle of Poverty

Short Term

Solutions
Reliefs,Donations, Charity

works, feeding programs,

medical outreach programs,
Financial aid, etc

Long Term
Solutions
Education, Improve Health
Services, Increase economic
activity, expand economic
facilities to rural areas,
Create jobs, Raise minimum
wage, Improve social
welfare system, Improve
government system,
housing programs, etc

Statistical Update of Poverty Incidence in the World

Countries with highest poverty Incidence as of January 1,2012

Source: CIA WorldFactbook

Statistical Update of Poverty Incidence in Asia

Asian countries with high poverty incidence

Data sources: UN MDG Indicators database. World Bank, World Development Indicators.

Statistical Update of Poverty Incidence in the

Philippines
Most poorest
province are located in
Mindanao
Least poor province
are located at Luzon

Poverty Incidence Among Population, 2012

Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

Poverty Incidence among Families, by Region ;

2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012

Poorest & Least Poor Provinces in the Philippines

Least poor province in the
Philippines in the first 6 month of
the year 2012

Poorest province in the Philippines in the

first 6 month of the year 2012
Lanao del Sur - 68.9%
Apayao - 59.8%
Eastern Samar - 59.4%
Maguindanao - 57.8%

2nd district of NCR - 3.1%

4th and 1st districts of NCR - 3.8%

Zamboanga del Norte - 50.3%

Davao Oriental - 48%

Cavite - 4.1%
Benguet - 4.3%

Ifugao - 47.5%
Sarangani - 46.5%

3rd district of NCR - 4.9%

Laguna - 6.3%

Negros Oriental - 45.3%

Masbate - 44.2%

Pampanga - 6.4%
Bulacan - 6.7%

North Cotabato - 43.9%

Northern Samar - 43.7%
Bukidnon - 43.3%
Lanao del Norte - 42.5%

Bataan - 7.3%
Rizal - 7.6%
Ilocos Norte - 11%

Sultan Kudarat - 41.6%

END

Prepared by:
Tantia, Francis Kurt
Eugenio, Franz Ellein
Gagelonia, Carmelle
Mediodia, Katrina
Ubal, Cynemae Pearl
MLS 2-E