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By,
RAVIKIRAN S
1TJ14MD011

Introduction
ACD is a self acting microprocessor based data

communicating device.
Installed on locomotive, guard vans, station areas and

level crossing gates.

It uses radio frequency and global positioning system.

Used to detect any collision like situation in a range of

3km.
Acd makes loco intelligent and extends its capacity to

detect.
The ACDs are multi functional.

Needs of ACD
It comprises of CCU,GPS,radio transmitter.
The other module of ACD includes a GPS which picks

signals from GPS satellite.

GPS submits data to the CCU to extract the

parameters .
Another module is radio trans-receiver.

Final Module is Braking mechanism, which intimates the

Ccu to take decision for applying either the normal brake
or the emergency brake on the locomotive as the situation
required.
ACD is an intelligent friend to the driver,which acts on its
own without human intervention.

Features of ACD
The main feature is itself can estimates risks and react in

consequnce
Another feature of invention is, calculation of position,

calculation of stopping distance etc...

Another is an alarm is given by position alarm device

set.

Following Accidents are

prevented by ACD

Detection

and

Prevention

of

Head-on,

Rear-end and Side Collisions.

Speed limit imposition.
Train approach warning for road users.
Station Approach Warning to Drivers.
Trains are on same tracks.

The situation in which ACD

doesnt work

Other train is a NON ACD Train.

Insufficient braking distance.

Failure of brake of the Locomotive.

Inadequate reaction time.

Benefits of the ACD

Very economical and cost effective.
Easily adaptable and expandable.
Does not degrade the existing safety level.
Employs state-of-art hardware and software technology.
No way had side equipment required, hence no

requirement of Power.

No cabling on the track required (which is more

expensive and cumbersome).

It does not require any inputs to be fed by the people

at The start of journey, thus human error is

eliminated.
Less prone to damages.

Applications
ACDs can be implemented in railways to prevent

collisions and reduces the human interventions their by

protecting the lives.
It can be used in heavy vehicles like cranes, earthmovers

etc to prevent accidents and for their safe working in

public places.
ACDs can be used as a tracking device.

Few Images :

Conclusion
ACD is used as a watchdog as they constantly remain in

lookout for other train in bound with ACDs.

ACDs can prevent the side collision that may occur due

to infringement of adjacent track by a stopped or a

'parted' train, respectively.
Since it is very economical and cost effective it can be

used in all type of trains.