www.ngs.edu | 800.838.

2580
 HSM 700v – Principles and
Applications in Homeland
Security & Defense
Course Review

This material is protected by United States copyright laws. You must treat this publication like any other proprietary
material. No part of this material may be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic
medium by individuals or organizations outside of the National Graduate School without prior written consent from
the National Graduate School. For information, please call 800.838.2580 or visit www.ngs.edu.
 Course Description
 HSM 700v (Virtual) is a Masters course in the National
Graduate School curriculum that concentrates on current
principles and application of principles relating to the
Homeland Security & Defense arena.
 This online course provides an advanced examination and
study of HS&D Principles, departmental functions at
Federal, State, Local, and Tribal levels, DOD Title 10/32
Functions in support of HSD, State and Local Emergency
Preparedness, HS&D and the Private sector, the NSHS
Management Model and DHS Performance Framework,
HS&D QSM applications, and Inter and Intra-agency
Cooperation, Communication, Collaboration and Measuring
Success.

27-Jan-09 3
 Course Description
Learners also assemble and present a course project
presentation applying all of the principles and applications
addressed during the course, presenting their project to
the class during the final module.

27-Jan-09 4
 Course Objectives
 Learners become familiar with HS&D Principles and Applications of
DHS Federal through Tribal level functions, DOD functions in
support of HS&D and Civil Authorities and the emphasis on Unified
Command and Unity of effort.
 Learners become familiar with issues facing State and Emergency
Preparedness organizations and how to leverage the Private Sector
to facilitate HS&D challenges.
 Learners become familiar with how to utilize and apply HS&D QSM
principles and applications such as the HS MGT Model,
Benchmarking, Six Sigma Analysis, Metric Development, the
Problem Solving Process, and Force Field Analysis to asses,
analyze, and measure success to determine a problem or issue
solution to a HS&D challenge.

27-Jan-09 5
 Course Objectives
 Learners become familiar with fundamentals of HS&D Intra-agency and
Inter-agency cooperation, coordination, and communication, and its
necessity on facilitating measuring success.
 Learners conduct research and readings focused on Homeland Security
principles, doctrine, and current literature to enhance situational
understanding of contemporary issues facing Homeland Security leaders
and managers.
 Learners conduct a group research project, analyzing a problem or issue in
Homeland Security, and utilize HS&D Quality Systems Management
approaches to provide a recommended solution to the problem that could be
posed and considered by a Homeland Security policy decision maker.

27-Jan-09 6
 Course Outcomes
 Learners competent with a thorough understanding of how to utilize
research methods, QSM tools and methods, application best
practices and to address HS&D challenges.
 Learners conduct weekly collaboration by reading and analyzing
classmates’ submissions, providing substantive analytical comments
to enhance collective learning.
 Learners utilize and integrate contemporary literature on Homeland
Security policies, issues, and doctrine to facilitate research methods
and analysis for project completion.
 Learners confident with being able to apply HS&D principles and
applications to fundamentally address HS&D issues and challenges.

27-Jan-09 7
 Required Readings
 ADDITIONAL LITERARY RESOURCES
 Learners are encouraged to expand their knowledge using the
following literary resources to support their individual responses
and research:
 Texas A&M Integrative Center for Homeland Security TEX:
Taxonomy for Education and exploration:
http://homelandsecurity.tamu.edu/framework.
 The Naval Post Graduate School Homeland Security Affairs:
http://www.hsaj.org/?archive.
 Note that All NGS students have access to the HSDL (Homeland
Security Digital Library) available through Naval Post-Grad
School. NGS—like A&M—is a “designated university partner”

27-Jan-09 8
 Required Readings
 20 Required Readings
 Homeland Security related literature
 Contemporary Issues and Congressional Reports
 Literature supports modular assignments
 Links provided in syllabus or readings posted on
Blackboard

27-Jan-09 9
 Course Evaluation
 Grades are based on the following course items:
1) 50% Team project submission and conference call briefing
2) 30% Individual essay questions
3) 20% Participation in discussion questions
 Team Project Submission and Conference Call Briefing: 50%
Total of 5 assignments in Weeks 1-5 submitted by the team to the
Blackboard Digital Drop box. Final Course Project Briefing
conducted by each team during the Week 5 course via conference
call or web based media.

27-Jan-09 10
 Course Evaluation
 Individual essay questions: 30%
Individual essay questions are submitted in Weeks 1-5 into
Blackboard Digital Dropbox. Each student will read the assigned
literary readings and will submit a one- page essay (250-300 words)
that answers that week’s Individual Essay Question.
 Participation in discussion questions: 20%
Based on learner posting of responses to Discussion Questions in
Blackboard’s Discussion Board each week, plus comments about
other students’ postings. Learners are required to respond to at least
one other learner’s response each week.

27-Jan-09 11
 Course Evaluation
 Grades are based on the following course items:
1) 50% Team project submission and conference call briefing
2) 30% Individual essay questions
3) 20% Participation in discussion questions
 Team Project Submission and Conference Call Briefing: 50%
Total of 5 assignments in Weeks 1-5 submitted by the team to the
Blackboard Digital Drop box. Final Course Project Briefing
conducted by each team during the Week 5 course via conference
call or web based media.

27-Jan-09 12
 Course Evaluation
 Individual essay questions: 30%
Individual essay questions are submitted in Weeks 1-5 into
Blackboard Digital Dropbox. Each student will read the assigned
literary readings and will submit a one- page essay (250-300 words)
that answers that week’s Individual Essay Question.
 Participation in discussion questions: 20%
Based on learner posting of responses to Discussion Questions in
Blackboard’s Discussion Board each week, plus comments about
other students’ postings. Learners are required to respond to at least
one other learner’s response each week.

27-Jan-09 13
 Class Participation
 Evaluated on quality, not quantity.
 Enhances the Course through collaboration,
sharing and exchange of ideas and experiences.
 Reinforces the concepts provided from module
requirements and literary readings.
 Critical to learning.

27-Jan-09 14
 Class Participation
 Weighing of Class Participation:
– 5 = Unique comments, superior analysis
– 4 = Thoughtful comments, excellent analysis
– 3 = Relevant comments, average analysis
– 2 = Limited comments, limited analysis
– 1 = Redundant or irrelevant comments, poor analysis
– 0 = No participation, absent or no weekly coursework
submissions

27-Jan-09 15
 Masters Homeland Security Team
Project
 The course project is teamwork oriented.
 The class will be divided into groups of 2-3, and will be required to
produce a course project power point briefing, that utilizes literature
and readings from this course and from research conducted by
students to identify and address a problem in the Homeland Security
arena, using HS&D QSM principles and applications, such as
Benchmarking, HS&D Six Sigma Analysis, Metrics, the problem solving
process, Force Field Analysis model, and the Homeland Security
Management Systems Model, to provide a sound recommendation to
the problem for policymaker consideration.
 This course project introduces students to the quality systems
management approach to Homeland Security and Defense.

27-Jan-09 16
 Individual Participation
 Weeks 1-5
 Individual Weekly Requirement 1: Provide a response of
250-300 words to the weekly module individual
assignment essay question posted below, integrating
citations and positions of assigned readings and authors.
 Individual Weekly Requirement 2: Provide at substantive
response to one or more classmates’ responses.

27-Jan-09 17
 NGS Policies on Incomplete Grades,
Make-up Work, and Attendance
 NGS fully supports the professional business and military
service that help participants gather the practical
experience that adds value to their contributions. Any
student who is absent for professional or military
obligations should make faculty aware with as much notice
as possible and take steps to complete assignments which
replace in-class participation. Those absent from team
assignments must make prior specific arrangements with
the team. All make-up work is to be uploaded into the
Blackboard Digital Dropbox by the due date or the
Instructor’s deadline.

27-Jan-09 18
 Module Schedule & Topics
 Module 1: Course Review/HS&D Principles/Applications/DHS
Federal, State, Local, Tribal Level Functions, DOD Functions (Title
10/32) in Support of HSD & Civil Authorities
 Module 2: State & Local Emergency Preparedness and
Management & HS&D and the Private Sector
 Module 3: DHS Performance Management Framework & the
Homeland Security Management System Model and Applications

27-Jan-09 19
 Module Schedule & Topics
 Module 4: HS&D Performance Measures & Targets &
QSM Applications (Benchmarking, HS&D Six Sigma
Analysis, HS&D Metric Development), HS&D Intra-agency
Cooperation, Coordination, Communication & Measuring
Success
 Module 5: HS&D Principles & Applications: Project
Presentations

27-Jan-09 20
 HSM 700ol Course Endstate
 HSM 700v end state is achieved with learners
completing all assigned readings, module essays
and responses, and with class groups completing,
submitting, and conducting a formal presentation
during the final course module using web based
or conference call media.

27-Jan-09 21
 HSM 700v – Principles and
Applications in Homeland
Security & Defense
Module 1:
Course Review/HS&D Principles/Applications/DHS Federal, State, Local,
Tribal Level Functions, DOD Functions (Title 10/32) in Support of HSD &
Civil Authorities
This material is protected by United States copyright laws. You must treat this publication like any other proprietary
material. No part of this material may be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic
medium by individuals or organizations outside of the National Graduate School without prior written consent from
the National Graduate School. For information, please call 800.838.2580 or visit www.ngs.edu.
National Homeland Security Strategy
Purpose
 The purpose of our Strategy is to guide, organize, and
unify our Nation’s homeland security efforts. It provides a
common framework by which our entire Nation should
focus its efforts on the following four goals:
– Prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks;
– Protect the American people, our critical infrastructure,
and key resources;
– Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur;
and
– Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure our
long-term success.

27-Jan-09 23
 HS&D Spectrum of Threats

27-Jan-09 24
 Homeland Security Defined
 Homeland Security is a concerted national effort
to prevent terrorist attacks within the United
States, reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism,
and minimize the damage and recover from
attacks that do occur.

27-Jan-09 25
 Homeland Security Vision & Mission
 Vision
A secure America, a confident public, and a strong and
resilient society and economy.
 Mission
We will lead the unified national effort to secure America.
We will prevent and deter terrorist attacks and protect
against and respond to threats and hazards to the Nation.
We will secure our national borders while welcoming lawful
immigrants, visitors, and trade.

27-Jan-09 26
 HS&D Strategic Framework
 The Strategy provides a common framework through which our
entire Nation – Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments,
the private and non-profit sectors, communities, and individual
citizens – should focus its homeland security efforts on the
following four goals (2007):
1. Prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks.
2. Protect the American people, our critical infrastructure, and key
resources.
3. Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur.
4. Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure our long-term
success.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/homeland/

27-Jan-09 27
 Homeland Security Core Values
 Duty: Embodying Integrity, Responsibility, and
Accountability.
We will faithfully execute the duties and responsibilities
entrusted to us and maintain the highest ethical and
professional standards. We will never forget that, for
many, we are the face of America – the first Americans
that many visitors will meet.
 Respect: Honoring Our Partners and One Another.
We will highly value the relationships we build with our
customers, partners, stakeholders, and each other. We will
honor America’s liberty, democracy, and diversity.

27-Jan-09 28
 Homeland Security Core Values
 Innovation: Creating Opportunities.
We will identify and explore uncharted opportunities to
enhance homeland security. We will encourage and
recognize our employees’ original thoughts and initiatives
and will foster a creative environment in which they can
grow, develop, and progress.
 Vigilance: Safeguarding America.
We shall identify, defeat, and mitigate threats to the safety
of the American people. We will constantly guard against
threats, hazards, or other dangers that threaten our Nation
and our way of life.

27-Jan-09 29
Homeland Security Guiding Principles
 Protect Constitutional Rights and American Values.
 Use an All-Hazards Approach.
 Build Trust through Collaboration and Partnerships.
 Apply Risk Management.
 Develop a Culture of Preparedness.
 Ensure Accountability.
 Capitalize on Emerging Technologies.
 Work as an Integrated Response Team.
 Be Flexible.

27-Jan-09 30
 RAND Homeland Security Basic
Principles
 Security must be defined broadly to include all efforts to
deter, detect, prevent, and impede terrorist attacks; mitigate
casualties, damage and disruption; reduce alarm; and
rapidly respond, repair, and recover.
 Intelligence capabilities must be improved at the local level.
 Re-examine our legal framework for preventive action, which
differs from routine reactive criminal investigation.
 Comprehensive oversight and the means for prompt
remedy.
 Beware of unwittingly transforming vulnerabilities into
imminent terrorist threats.

27-Jan-09 31
 RAND Homeland Security Basic
Principles
 Security will necessarily be reactive.
 Allocations of resources must be based upon assessments
of risk.
 Improve post-disaster recovery.
 Develop security measures that are compatible with our
basic freedom.
 Our goals are to deter terrorist attacks, improve our
chances of detection, increase the terrorists’ operational
difficulties, drive them toward less lucrative targets.

27-Jan-09 32
 Rand Homeland Security Basic
Principles
 Inculcate a security culture without creating a security-
obsessed state.
 Improving our crisis-management capabilities and
strengthening our public-health infrastructure are
examples.
 Development of capability at the local level rather than the
expansion of federal programs.
 Strict cost-benefit analysis will not work.
 Security must be both effective and efficient.

27-Jan-09 33
 Rand Homeland Security Basic
Principles
 Technology Development: New systems should be rapidly
deployed for testing in the field, with successful systems
disseminated nationwide.
 Homeland security can be a basis for rebuilding America’s
aging infrastructure.
 Increasing public education and participation.
 Create a Civilian Reserve Corps.

27-Jan-09 34
 Strategic Goal 1: Protect Our Nation
from Dangerous People
 Objective 1.1: Achieve Effective Control of Our Borders.
 Objective 1.2: Protect Our Interior and Enforce
Immigration Laws.
 Objective 1.3: Strengthen Screening of Travelers and
Workers.
 Objective 1.4: Improve Security through Enhanced
Immigration Services.

27-Jan-09 35
 Select Reported Measures for Goal 1:
Protect Our Nation From Dangerous People

27-Jan-09 36
 Strategic Goal 2: Protect Our Nation
from Dangerous Goods
 Objective 2.1: Prevent and Detect Radiological/Nuclear
Attacks.
 Objective 2.2: Prevent, Detect, and Protect Against
Biological Attacks.
 Objective 2.3: Prevent and Detect Chemical and Explosive
Attacks.
 Objective 2.4: Prevent the Introduction of Illicit Contraband
while Facilitating Trade.

27-Jan-09 37
 Select Reported Measures for Goal 2:
Protect Our Nation From Dangerous Goods

27-Jan-09 38
 Strategic Goal 3: Protect Critical
Infrastructure
 Objective 3.1: Protect and Strengthen the Resilience of the
Nation’s Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources.
 Objective 3.2: Ensure Continuity of Government
Communications and Operations.
 Objective 3.3: Improve Cyber Security.
 Objective 3.4: Protect Transportation Sectors.

27-Jan-09 39
 Select Reported Measures for Goal 3:
Protect Critical Infrastructure

27-Jan-09 40
 Strategic Goal 4: Strengthen Our
Nation's Preparedness and Emergency
Response Capabilities
 Objective 4.1: Ensure Preparedness.
 Objective 4.2: Strengthen Response and Recovery.

Select Reported Measures for Goal 4:

Strengthen Our Nation’s Preparedness and Emergency Response Capabilities

27-Jan-09 41
 Strategic Goal 5: Strengthen and
Unify DHS Operations and
Management
 Objective 5.1: Improve Department Governance and Performance.
 Objective 5.2: Advance Intelligence and Information Sharing.
 Objective 5.3: Integrate DHS Policy, Planning, and Operations
Coordination.
Select Reported Measures for Goal 5:
Strengthen and Unify DHS Operations and Management

27-Jan-09 42
 DHS Performance MGT Framework

27-Jan-09 43
 Shared Responsibility
 Homeland security is a shared responsibility built
upon a foundation of partnerships.
 Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments, the
private and non-profit sectors, communities, and
individual citizens all share common goals and
responsibilities – as well as accountability – for
protecting and defending the Homeland.

27-Jan-09 44
 Roles and Responsbilities
 In today’s dynamic threat environment, we must strive for a national
response based on engaged partnerships at and across all levels that
enable us to anticipate where we should increase or reduce support
based on changing circumstances. Success starts with understanding
the following fundamental roles:
 Federal Response. The Federal Government maintains a wide array of
capabilities and resources that may be made available to States and
local governments. Federal assistance is provided when needed to
support State and local efforts or lessen or avert the threat of a
catastrophe within the United States. Accordingly, Federal response
efforts are designed to complement and supplement, rather than
supplant, the State and local response. The Federal Government also
maintains relationships with private and non-profit sector entities to aid in
facilitating additional support.

27-Jan-09 45
 Roles and Responsbilities
 Private and Non-Profit Sector. The private and non-profit
sectors fulfill key roles and work closely with communities,
States, and the Federal Government. The private sector
plays an essential role implementing plans for the rapid
restoration of commercial activities and critical infrastructure
operations, which can help mitigate consequences, improve
quality of life, and accelerate recovery for communities and
the Nation. Non-profit organizations serve a vital role by
performing essential services within communities in times of
need, such as mass sheltering, emergency food supplies,
counseling services, or other vital support services.

27-Jan-09 46
 Roles and Responsibilities
 State Response. State governments have the primary
responsibility for assisting local governments to respond to
and recover from disasters and emergencies. When an
incident expands to challenge the resources and
capabilities of the State coordinate requests for additional
support, the State may request support from the private
and nonprofit sector, turn to other States for support
through the Emergency Management Assistance
Compact, or call upon the Federal Government for
assistance. States also may collaborate with one another
to ensure a broader, more effective regional response.

27-Jan-09 47
 Roles and Responsibilities
 Community Response. One of the fundamental response
principles is that all incidents should be handled at the
lowest jurisdictional level possible. The initial response to
the majority of incidents typically is handled by local
responders within a single jurisdiction and goes no further.
When incidents exceed available resources, the local or
Tribal government may rely on mutual aid agreements with
nearby localities or request additional support from the
State. It is worth noting that for certain types of Federal
assistance, Tribal nations work with the State, but, as
sovereign entities, they can elect to deal directly with the
Federal Government for other types of assistance.

27-Jan-09 48
 Roles and Responsibilities
Special Circumstances. There are special circumstances
where the Federal Government exercises a larger, more
proactive role. This includes catastrophic incidents when
local and State governments require significant support,
and incidents where Federal interests are directly
implicated, such as those involving primary Federal
jurisdiction or authorities. For example, the Federal
Government will lead response efforts to render safe
weapons of mass destruction and coordinate related
activities with State and local partners, as appropriate

27-Jan-09 49
 State & Local Governments
 This Strategy defines “State” to mean any State of the
United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the
trust territory of the Pacific Islands. This Strategy also
defines “local government” as any county, city, village,
town, district, or other political subdivision of any State,
and includes any rural community or unincorporated town
or village or any other public entity for which an application
for assistance is made by a State or political subdivision
thereof.

27-Jan-09 50
 State, Local, Tribal Governments
 America’s constitutional foundations of federalism and limited
government place significant trust and responsibility in the
capabilities of State and local governments to help protect
the American people.
 State, local, and Tribal governments, which best understand
their communities and the unique requirements of their
citizens, provide our first response to incidents through law
enforcement, fire, public health, and emergency medical
services.
 They will always play a prominent, frontline role in helping to
prevent terrorist attacks as well as in preparing for and
responding to a range of natural and man-made
emergencies.

27-Jan-09 51
 Private & Non Private Sectors
 The private and non-profit sectors also must be full
partners in homeland security.
 As the country’s principal providers of goods and services,
and the owners or operators of approximately 85 percent
of the Nation’s critical infrastructure, businesses have both
an interest in and a responsibility for ensuring their own
security.
 The private sector plays key roles in areas as diverse as
supply chain security, critical infrastructure protection, and
research and development in science, technology, and
other innovations that will help secure the Homeland.

27-Jan-09 52
 Private & Non Private Sectors
 The non-profit sector, including volunteer and relief groups
and faith-based organizations, provides important support
services for the Nation, including meals and shelter,
counseling, and compassion and comfort to Americans,
particularly in the aftermath of an incident.

27-Jan-09 53
 Our National Challenge

27-Jan-09 54
 Vision
• Homeland Security is best accomplished --
• By building on State and local capabilities

• Role of Federal Government

• Enhance capabilities at lowest level of government
• Office of Homeland Security (OHS)
• Consolidate Federal Activity
• Integrate National preparedness and response system
• Encourage development of State and local capabilities

27-Jan-09 55
 DOD Pillars of Homeland Security

Homeland Security

Homeland Defense

Civil Support
Emergency
Preparedness

• Homeland Defense. The protection of

Emergency Preparedness
08/28/2002 3

U.S. sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and critical

defense infrastructure against external threats and aggression
• Civil Support. DOD support to U.S. civil authorities for
domestic emergencies and for designated law enforcement
and other activities
• Emergency Preparedness. Those planning activities
undertaken to ensure DOD processes, procedures, and
resources are in place to support the President and the
Secretary of Defense in a designated National Security
Emergency
27-Jan-09 56
 Functions
• In event of national need, DoD will be a front-line actor
• Three broad circumstances:
• Extraordinary: Require DOD-unique capabilities, e.g.
• Combat Air Patrols
• EOD
• Emergency: Augment capabilities of civil authorities , e.g.
• Post-event management
• Logistics, supply, mobility
• Temporary in Time/Limited in Scope: Assist/train
state/local, e.g.
• Special Events
• Training First Responders
• Support to Law Enforcement
27-Jan-09 57
 HD Roles and Missions
Vision
Homeland Security is a national activity best accomplished by:
• Domestic agencies performing domestic security
• Enhancing capabilities at lowest level of government
•Balancing DoD’s ability to defend the nation while adapting to domestic
security environment
Roles
Extraordinary
• Combat Operations within U.S.
• Surge to meet Crisis
Emergency
• Post Event Management
• Logistics, Supply, Mobility Temporary
• Special Events
• Support to Law enforcement
Missions

Homeland Defense Civil Support

DoD Lead DoD Support DoD Support
27-Jan-09 58
 HD Environment and Response
DoD Roles
Low Low Consequences of Failure High

Extraordinary
• Combat Operations within U.S.
• Surge to meet Crisis
Likelihood

Emergency
• Post Event Management
• Logistics, Supply, Mobility
Temporary
• Special Events
High • Support to Law enforcement
• Training 1st Responders
Missions
Sustaining Activities

Civil Support Homeland Defense

DoD Support DoD Lead
Low Impact on other DoD Missions High
27-Jan-09 59
 DOD SPT to Homeland Security &
Defense
 HS at the national level has a specific focus on terrorist
threats. The DOD focus in supporting HS is broader.
 The Armed Forces of the United States support the NSHS
through two distinct but interrelated mission areas —
homeland defense (HD) and civil support (CS).
 HD is the protection of US sovereignty, territory, domestic
population, and critical infrastructure against external
threats and aggression or other threats as directed by the
President.
 DOD is responsible for homeland defense, which includes
missions such as domestic air defense.

27-Jan-09 60
 DOD SPT to Homeland Security &
Defense
 DOD recognizes that threats planned or inspired by
"external" actors may materialize internally.
 DOD is prepared to conduct homeland defense missions
whenever the President, exercising his constitutional
authority as Commander in Chief, authorizes military
actions.
 For Homeland Defense missions, as directed by the
President of the United States and/or the Secretary of
Defense (SecDef), DOD is the lead or primary agency.

27-Jan-09 61
 DOD SPT to Homeland Security &
Defense
 DOD’s role in the CS mission area consists of support to
US civil authorities for domestic emergencies, and for
designated law enforcement within the scope of
restrictions required by the Posse Comitatus Act and other
support approved by the SecDef.
 The SecDef provides military assistance to US civil
authorities for domestic incidents as directed by the
President and consistent with military readiness,
Department of Defense directives, and the law.

27-Jan-09 62
 DOD Homeland Security Framework
 DOD “prepares and responds” when conducting both HD
and CS.
 DOD primarily focuses on “detect, deter, preempt, and
defend” when they conduct HD missions.
 Prepare. Emergency preparedness is a shared
responsibility and a partnership that includes the Federal
government, state and local agencies, the private sector,
and individual citizens.

27-Jan-09 63
 DOD Homeland Security Framework
 DOD “prepares and responds” when conducting both HD
and CS.
 DOD primarily focuses on “detect, deter, preempt, and
defend” when they conduct HD missions.
 Prepare. Emergency preparedness is a shared
responsibility and a partnership that includes the Federal
government, state and local agencies, the private sector,
and individual citizens.

27-Jan-09 64
 DOD Homeland Security Framework
 Preempt. Preemption consists of proactive measures
taken to prevent or neutralize a perceived or imminent
attack. Preemption may include offensive actions such as
air strikes, maritime interception, or direct action
 Defend. HD missions are those that protect the Nation’s
sovereignty.
 Respond. Response, as it relates to HS activities, spans
both HD and CS mission areas.

27-Jan-09 65
 Command Relationships
 Regardless of whether DOD is conducting HD or CS, military forces
will always remain under the control of the established Title 10, 32, or
state active duty military chain of command.
 For HD missions, DOD is in the lead with other federal agencies in
support.
 In certain circumstances, military commanders or responsible officials
in other DOD components may be faced with situations that will
require them to provide immediate response to civil authorities.
 Commander, United States Northern Command
(CDRUSNORTHCOM) has specific responsibilities for HD and for
supporting civil authorities.

27-Jan-09 66
 DOD HS&D & Civil Support Paradigm

27-Jan-09 67
 Paradigm Overlapping Transitions

27-Jan-09 68
 HS&D Seam Environments

27-Jan-09 69
 HD & CS Campaign Framework

27-Jan-09 70
 US NORTHCOM Strategic Construct
Homeland Defense Tasks
• DOD retains core defense missions while supporting lead
federal agencies

• Includes missions such as:

– Aerospace Defense
– Maritime Security
– Critical Infrastructure Protection
– Consequence Management
– Military Assistance to Civil Authorities

• Essential tasks:
– Inner zone / rear-area defense
– Support First Responders and other Federal, State, Local
government agencies
– Provide unique capabilities to civil authorities
– Assume freedom of action in the middle and forward zones
27-Jan-09 71
Lead Federal Agency/DOD Relationships

27-Jan-09 72
 Homeland Defense
 The protection of US sovereignty, territory,
domestic population, and critical defense
infrastructure against external threats and
aggression, or other threats as directed by the
President. The Department of Defense is
responsible for HD. (Strategy for Homeland
Defense and Civil Support)

27-Jan-09 73
 Homeland Defense & Civil Support
Operational Framework

27-Jan-09 74
 Homeland Defense
 DOD is the lead, supported by other agencies, in
defending against traditional external threats/aggression
(e.g., air and missile attack).
 However, against internal asymmetric, nontraditional
threats (e.g., terrorism), DOD may be in support of DHS.
 When ordered to conduct HD operations within US
territory, DOD will coordinate closely with other federal
agencies or departments.

27-Jan-09 75
 Homeland Defense
 DOD is the lead, supported by other agencies, in
defending against traditional external threats/aggression
(e.g., air and missile attack).
 However, against internal asymmetric, nontraditional
threats (e.g., terrorism), DOD may be in support of DHS.
 When ordered to conduct HD operations within US
territory, DOD will coordinate closely with other federal
agencies or departments.

27-Jan-09 76
 Homeland Defense Missions and
Operational Elements

27-Jan-09 77
 Civil Support
 Employment of military forces within the US, its territories,
and possessions, under the auspices of CS, typically falls
under the broad mission of MACA.
 Military Support to Civil Authorities.
MSCA refers to support provided by Federal military
forces, DOD civilians, contractor personnel, and DOD
agencies and components in response to requests for
assistance during domestic incidents to include terrorist
threats or attacks, major disasters, and other
emergencies. MSCA missions consist of DOD support to
US domestic emergencies and for designated law
enforcement, civil disturbances, and other activities.

27-Jan-09 78
 Military Support to Civil Authorities

27-Jan-09 79
 Civil Support
 Military Support to Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies.
Military forces performing in this role support the lead Federal
agency and other supporting agencies and may be armed
depending on the SecDef decision. Military support to civilian
law enforcement agencies (LEAs) may include, but is not
limited to national special security events, support for
combating terrorism, support to counterdrug operations,
maritime security, intelligence, surveillance, and
reconnaissance capabilities, and general support (training
support to LEAs/loan of equipment/personnel and expert
advice).

27-Jan-09 80
 Civil Support
 Military Assistance for Civil Disturbances.
The President is authorized by the Constitution and
statutory laws to employ the Armed Forces of the United
States to suppress insurrections, rebellions, and riots, and
provide federal supplemental assistance to the states to
maintain law and order. Responsibility for the management
of federal response for civil disturbances rests with the
Attorney General.

27-Jan-09 81
Military Assistance for Civil Disturbance
Operations

27-Jan-09 82
Reserve Component Support to HS & D
 Reserve Component Forces. NG and Reserve forces are
collectively referred to as RC forces and are integral to the
accomplishment of peacetime missions and conflict
prevention.
 RC Forces are also an essential part of the HS operational
force and consist of the Army National Guard (ARNG), the
US Army Reserve (USAR), the US Naval Reserve (USNR),
the US Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR), the ANG, the US
Air Force Reserve (USAFR), and the US Coast Guard
Reserve (USCGR).
 Guidelines for the utilization of RC forces when called to
active duty are found in Title 10 United States Code (USC).

27-Jan-09 83
Reserve Component Support to HS & D
 National Guard. The NG primarily operates under three
different command relationships: federal funding and
federal control (10 USC); federal funding and state control
(32 USC); and state status (state funding and state
control).
 The NG, when in state status, is normally the first military
responder to CS incidents that require resources beyond
the capabilities of local and other state-level emergency
response organizations.

27-Jan-09 84
Reserve Component Support to HS & D
 National Guard Weapons of Mass Destruction – Civil
Support Teams (WMD-CSTs). The NG, operating under
32 USC or state status, is likely to be the first military
responder to a CBRNE incident site or area. The WMD-
CST’s mission is to support civil authorities at a domestic
CBRNE incident site by identifying CBRNE
agents/substances, assessing current and projected
consequences, advising on response measures, and
assisting with appropriate requests for additional support.

27-Jan-09 85
 Module 1 Reading Requirement
 Instructor’s Module/Week 1 PPT presentation.
 Kamien, D. (2006) the McGraw-Hill Homeland Security
Handbook. McGraw-Hill Publishing. New York, N.Y. Chapter
16, p. 225-262, Chapter 18, p. 283-296.
 Homeland Security Council (2007), National Homeland
Security Strategy (October, 2007), the White House.
Washington D.C., Retrieved from website:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/homeland, p. 1-23.
 U.S. Department of Homeland Security (2008), Strategic
Plan Fiscal Years 2008–2013: One Team, One Mission,
Securing Our Homeland, Washington D. C.

27-Jan-09 86
 Module 1 Reading Requirement
 U.S. Department of Homeland Security (2008), Strategic
Plan Fiscal Years 2008–2013: One Team, One Mission,
Securing Our Homeland, Washington D. C.
 U.S. Department of Homeland Security (2007), Fact Sheet
for NSHS, The White House. Washington D.C., Retrieved
from website:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/homeland/
 Jenkins, B. (2007), Basic Principles for Homeland
Security. Rand Corporation: Testimony presented before
the House Appropriations Committee, Subcommittee on
Homeland Security on January 30, 2007. Arlington, VA.

27-Jan-09 87
 Module 1 Reading Requirement
 Dept. of Defense Joint Staff (2005) Joint Pub 3-26,
Homeland Security, the Pentagon, Washington D.C.
 Goss, T. (2006) Who’s in Charge? New Challenges in
Homeland Defense and Homeland Security, Homeland
Security Affairs Vol. II Issue 1, Article 2.

27-Jan-09 88
 Team Assignment
 Collectively formulate into team groups of 3
learners.
 Prepare and submit a draft PPT slide that
identifies the Project Problem Topic and
Statement. Receive in-class instructor approval of
Project Topic and Statement.
 Prepare and submit the Project cover slide and
slide 1 (Project Statement) into Blackboard Digital
Drop Box.

27-Jan-09 89
 Team Assignment
 Identify three (3) Facts and three (3) Assumptions
relating to the problem.
 Conduct Force Field Analysis on the problem.
 Produce and submit PPT slides 2 (Facts &
Assumptions) & 3 (FFA) and submit into
Blackboard Digital Drop Box.

27-Jan-09 90
 Individual Essay Question
 Individual Essay Question 1: Do the HS&D
principles, and DHS functions outlined in the
assigned readings, provide a sound doctrinal
basis and framework to support DHS strategy and
policy execution at the national, state, local and
tribal levels? Support, justify, and defend your
position using citations from these modules
readings.

27-Jan-09 91
 Individual Essay Question
 Individual Essay Question: Goss (2006)
addresses the challenges that exist between the
sharing of responsibility, command and control,
and Title 10 and 32 overlapping between DOD
and Civil authorities. Should DOD be given a
greater authoritarian role, or should Civil
Authorities and agencies expand their capabilities
to provide a greater domestic role in HS&D?

27-Jan-09 92
Please Complete the Blackboard
Requirements for This Module
Before Moving to Module Two