E10 B EXCHANGE

Regional Telecom Training

Centre, Hyderabad.

Functions Of a Telephone Exchange:

1. It has to handle 4 Types of calls
2. It has to Negotiate with External
Environment
3. It has to process the Signaling
information received from Subscribers
or from Trunks
4. Charging and Billing

Block Schematic of SPC Exchange

Sub

Tks.

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Eqpt.

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N/W

CONTROL EQUIPMENT

Man Machine Dialogue

Terminals

APPLICATIONS OF E-10 B
LOCAL
TANDEM OR TRANSIT
TAX
LOCAL CUM TAX OR TRANSIT

SUBSCRIBER FACILITIES
Follow Me - Call Forwarding
Short Code Dialing
Malicious call Identification
Conference Calls
Call Waiting
Detailed Billing
Dynamic Locking

Morning Alarm
Barred Access
Hotline
DTMF
Free Phone Service
Home Metering
OG Sub Only
IC Sub Only
Ring Back Facility

CONCEPT OF RLU
SUBSCRIBERS AT REMOTE
AREAS GET TELECOM FACILITIES
REMOTE LINE UNITS (RLU) ARE
OPENED IN A TOWN
RLU CONTROLLED BY MAIN
EXGE
ALL FACILITIES ARE EXTENDED
TO RLU SUBS ON PAR WITH MAIN

BASIC FEATURES
STORED PROGRAM CONTROL
1. Control functions are carried out
by execution of instructions
stored in memories of computers.
2. In Electro-mechanical exges they
are done by Hardware and some
Logic.

II. TDM DIGITAL SWITCHING

1. Converts analogue signals to
digital form
2. System switches signals in
digital form prior to switching
III. PCM PRINCIPLES
System adopts PCM Principles.

IV. SEGRAGATION BETWEEN SWITCHING

AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
1. Switching functions like reception
of digits, their storage, analysis,
routing etc are done by control
units.
2. Management functions like subs
line data, Circuit group data,
faults, alarms, testing, diagnostics
are performed by OMC.
3. OMC and Switching center are
interconnected by PCM Links.

V. DEDICATED CONTROL

Call handling and call

processing functions are
carried by dedicated
microprocessor INTEL 8085 and
Microcomputers ELS-48.
VI. CENTRALISED MANAGEMENT SYS.
1. O & M functions of group of
exges are done centrally
2. Max 6 exges or 80,000 lines.

BASIC BLOCKS IN E10-B

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Connection Units
Switching Network
Control Units
Administration Units and
Operation and Maintenance Center(OMC)

BLOCK DIAGRAM of E-10B Exge.

URAL
URAD

BLOCK-2

URM
PCMs

ETA
BDA

BLOCK 1
BLOCK -3

To Other Exges.

CONTROL UNITS

OMC

BLOCK-4

Connection Units
Interface for directly connecting subs lines
and circuits which sends and receives audio
frequency signaling samples.
Connection units:
1. CSEL - Local Subscriber connection unit
2. CSED - Remote subscriber connection Unit
3. URM - Multiplex connection unit
4. ETA - Frequency Sender and Receiver unit
5. BDA - Auxiliary Equipment Rack

Functions of Subscriber Connection Units :

Battery feed on subs lines.
Transmission of subs loop status.
Transmission of Battery reversal or remote
metering pulses.
Searching free physical path within connection
unit.
Analogue to digital conversion.
Traffic observation counters.
Release of connection at the end of the call.

FUNCTIONS OF URM:
1. Transmission and reception of PCM
Links
2. Conversion to HDB3 code / binary code,
Reconstruction of PCM frames
3. Extraction and insertion of signaling
bytes and conversion into internal
codes understood by control units

3. Tone Generator, Frequency Sender, Receiver

Unit ( E T A )
FUNCTIONS:
1. Reception of MF signaling , Push button dialing
signals by RFs
2. Generation of Exchange tones, MF R2
signaling code and circuit test frequencies by
GTs
3. Setting up of conference calls using CCF
circuits.
Minimum Two and Maximum 16 ETA s per
Exge.
Working on load sharing basis.

4. Auxlliary Equipment Rack (B D A )

BDA is also considered as connection unit
Always UR No.1 is given to BDA
BDA is not involved in call processing.
FUNCTIONS:
1. Marshalling alarms
2. Monitoring of Recorded Announcement
Machine
3. Management of General Visual Display
( PGV )

CONTROL UNITS
Control units are partly based on
dedicated mini-computers.
They carry out all the switching
operations required to set up and release
connections between subscribers or
circuits.
All the units are duplicated to provide
un interrupted service

Classification of Control Units:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

MARKER
- MQ
Switching Network Control Unit - UGCX
MULTI REGISTER - MR
TRANSLATOR
- TR
CHARGING UNIT
- TX

Operation And Maintenance Center

(OMC)
FUNCTIONS OF OMC::

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Subscriber management
Trunk Group management
Routing and analysis management
Call charging management
Subs line testing
Trunk testing

Functions of OMC(contd.):
7. Traffic and load measurement
8. Fault message processing
9. Alarm message processing
10. Unit positioning
11. Fault tracing
12. Fault clearing
13. Peripheral management

Dialogue Terminals
For communication between the Racks
and OMC by the man machine
commands terminals are used.
Terminals at RLUs are connected to
LP55 card through Modem (>150m)
Local terminals connected directly