CONDITIONAL

Claudia Mndez
&
Paloma
Fernndez

First Conditional: real

possibility
If Subject

If you

Verb in
Complement ,
PRESENT

help

me

Subject

Verb in
Complement
FUTURE

will
help

you

We use the First Conditional to talk about situacions that are

possible or likely to happen.
....we take John, he will be really pleased.
.... you give me some money, I will pay you back tomorrow.
....they go to Barcelona, they will walk along the Ramblas.

MAY / MIGHT + BASE FORM

If the library is open, I may / might borrow a book.
(Si la biblioteca est abierta, puedo / podra sacar un l
prestado)

You can also use the IMPERATIVE OR

CAN
If I miss the bus, Ill get a taxi.
If you miss the bus, get a taxi
Ifyou miss the bus, you can get a taxi
UNLESS = IF NOT ( A menos que .. si no.. )
Unless you pay me well, I wont do it
If you dont pay me well, I wont do it.
A menos que me pagues bien, no lo har

Conditional Questions

Structure

WHAT

AUX VERB*

SUBJ VERB

IF clause*

(or another
Wh word)

* ( would, will, remember that it depends of the type of conditional

that you are going to use)
* ( the tense of the If clause that you use in the question wil depend
of the conditional type used.)

 What will happen, if you dont study hard

enough?
If I dont study hard enough I will fail in the exam
Where would you like to travel, if you won
paid vacations?
If I could go anywhere I would like to travel to
Hawaii
If you were an animal, which one would you
like to be?
If I were an animal I would like to be a tiger.

Second conditional: unreal possibility

or dream
If

Subject

If

Verb in Complemen Subjec Verb with

,
PAST t
t
WOULD

had

a yacht

Compleme
nt

around the
would travel
world

We use the second conditional to talk about situations which are

imaginary or unlikely to happen
.

If elephants had wings, they would be able to fly.

If I were rich, I would buy a castle.
If her hair were black, she would look completely
different.

Third Conditional: no
possibility
WOULD
HAVE +
HAD +
Subjec PARTICIPL
If Subject PARTICIPL Complement ,
Complement
E
t
E
MIGHT/
COULD
would +
have
HAVE
PP
If
you
had invited me to your party ,
I
gone
We use the thrid conditional to talk about
imaginary or hypothetical situations in the
past.
1. If hadnt got up late, I wouldnt have missed the train
2. If his parents had had the money, he could have gone
to university.
3. If his uncle hadnt died, he might have worked for
him.

If only/Wish
- Wishful prayers expressed a desire.
- Can be formed in two ways: with wish or if only.
Wish/if only Refers to a present I wish/ If only I
+ Past
situation that the were more
Simple
speaker is
responsible
unhappy about.
Wish/if only Expresses regret If only I had
+ Past
about a past
known earlier!
Perfect
action or situation.
Wish +
Expresses a desire I wish I could
Could/Would for something to go to university.
+ Base form happen in the

PALOMA FERNNDEZ
&
CLAUDIA MNDEZ