GREEN CONCRETE

phase-II

Prepared By:
Dhvani Sonani
M.E.structure

Guided By :
Dr.A.K.Verma
Dr.D.R.Bhatt

Different methods of green

concrete production
Residual
products from
other
industries

methods

Sewage sludge.
Incineration ash
Stone dust, concrete
slurry
Combustion ash from
water purifying plants

Supplementary
cementions
materials

Cement with
reduces
environmental
impact

Large qty. of fly ash

and micro silica
GGBS

Mineralized cement
Limestone addition

Results of studies based on

reported literature
Green concrete containing marble sludge

powder and quarry rock dust

In 2009, M. Shahul Hameed and A.S.S.

Sekar , conducted a study on green

concrete replacing the conventional
materials, except cement , with marble
sludge powder and quarry rock dust.

The raw materials used

were
Cement: OPC 43 grade with 28% normal consistency and specific

surface 3300

cm3/g

Marble sludge powder : it had high specific surface area. Specific

gravity of waste are less than the sand properties.

Fine aggregate: modulus of fineness = 2.20 , specific gravity 2.677
Coarse aggregate : crushed stone with a size of 5.20 mm. flakiness

within limits.
Water : potable
Super plasticizer : roff superplastic 320 was used to get and

preserve the designed workability

Physical properties of marble sludge and

quarry rock dust are compared to that of
sand.
Sample
code

Moissture
content
(%)

Bulk
densit
y
( kg/m
3)

Finenes
s
modulu
s

Effectiv
e size
(mm)

Coeffici
ent of
uniformi
ty

Coeffici
ent of
gradatio
n

Wet

dry

23.3
5

1.59

1118

2.04

.17

1.58

1.37

Quarry
24.2
rock dust 5

2.1

1750

2.35

.22

4.5

2.2

sand

2.5

1430

2.2

0.2

Marble
sludge
powder

25

Results :
Workability comparisons
Mix

Slump in mm Slump flow in

mm

V-funnel time in
sec

Mix A (control)

210

420

23

Mix B (green
cocrete )

255

657

14

Compressive and split tensile strength

mix

Average comp. strength in

n/mm2

Split tensile strength in n/mm2

3 days 7
days

28 days

3 days 7 days 28 days

Mix A
(concr
ete)

15.45

18.33

36.85

2.40

2.60

4.62

Mix B (
green
concre
te)

13.35

19.52

40.35

2.15

2.98

5.02

Conclusions :
The replacement of fine aggregate with 50% quarry rock

( green concrete) gives an excellent result in strength

aspect and quality aspect.
Green concrete induced higher workability and it satisfy the

self compacting concrete performance which is the slump

flow is 657mm without affecting the strength of concrete.
The water absorption of green concrete is slightly higher

than conventional concrete.

The durability of green concrete under sulphate is higher to

that of conventional concrete.

Limitations of green
concrete
By using stainless steel, cost of reinforcement

increases.
Split tension of green concrete is less than that of

conventional concrete.
Susceptible to frost action.
The other important concern is the quantification

of green concrete emissions.

Scope in India :

Scope :

India is the second largest producer of cement in the

world.

India would be facing an exponential growth in the

concrete demand by 2011.

Cement demand (mt/annum)

Year

GDPtotal

GDPindustr
y

GDPconstruction

200
1

103

107.5

106.2

200
6

139.5

148.7

150.8

201
1

186.9

204.2

210.4

The net co2 emissions from the

construction agency are greater than any
other industry.

62.70% other
industries
9.90% operation of
business
10.20% operation of
building
1.30% const. work
5%trasportation for
const.
10.90% production of
material

The total energy consumption (a rough

estimate of the net co2 emissions) during the
manufacture of cement in India is tabulated
as below:

Fuel

Units

199192

199293

199394

electricity

GWh

4800.52

6420.97

6754.60

coal

Mt.

10.8

11.7

11.1

Petroleum
product

Mt.

0.293

0.296

0.291

Total cement
production

Mt.

53.6

54.1

58.0

Advantages of green
concrete :

Reduced CO2 emissions.

Low production costs as wastes directly substitute the
cement.

Saves energy emissions and waste water.

Helps in recycling industry wastes.

Reduces the consumption of cement overall.

Better workability.

Greater strength and durability than

normal concrete.

Compressive strength and Flexural

behaviour is fairly equal to that of the
conventional concrete.

Green concrete might solve some of

the societies problems with the use of
inorganic, residual products which
should otherwise be deposited

a
h

k
n

O
Y