MEMRISTOR

P R E S E N T E D BY :
LO K E S H R
INTERNAL GUIDE:
JULIA SAM
(ASST PROF
MVJCE)

Overview
Introduction
Features
Physical analogy of Memristor
Construction and working
Advantage &Applications
conclusion

Introduction
Known 3 fundamental passive circuit elements: Resistor, Inductor& Capacitor

In 1971,Leon Chua, a professor of electrical engineering at the university of California predicted

the existence of the fourth fundamental device. "THE MEMRISTOR
He proved that memristor behavior cannot be duplicated by any circuit built by other
three fundamental devices", which is why memrsitor is truly a fundamental component.
Memristor is a contraction of memory resistor, because that is exactly its function-To
remember its history.
Leon Chua gave pair wise mathematical equations that relate the four circuit quantities.

Feature of Memristor
A memristor is a two terminal semiconductor device whose resistance
depends on the magnitude and polarity of the voltage applied to it and
the length of time that voltage has been applied
When the voltage is turned off, the memristor remembers its most
recent resistance until the next time you turn it on.
As its name implies, the memristor can remember how much current has
passed through it. This make memristor a unique device.
UNIT=Ohms()

Physical analogy for memristor

Resistor is analogous to a pipe of fixed diameter through which water flows
Water(charge q), input pressure(voltage v), rate of flow of water(current i).
Resistance depends on diameter
Memristor is analogous to special kind of pipe that expands or shrinks when
water flows through it.

when water flows in one

when water flows in opp

direction the diameter

direction the diameter

increases( resistance decreases)

decreases(resistance increases)

Construction and working

First solid state version of memristor was built by a research team of HP
Labs.
Built using Titanium dioxide with cross bar structure.
The cross bar is an array of perpendicular platinum wires. Anywhere two
wires cross, they are connected by a switch.

Contd

The top and bottom layer are separated by a switching element, TiO2(Titanium dioxide)
The layer connected to the bottom platinum wire is initially perfect TiO2 and the other half is an oxygen deficient
layer of TiO2 represented by TiO(2-x) X= amount of oxygen deficiencies
Platinum wires are selected to apply power in either of the directions
A positive direction will attempt to open the switch and negative direction will attempt to open the switch

Contd

As the positive current is applied, the positively charged oxygen vacancies push
their way into pure TiO2 causing the resistance in the gap material to drop,
becoming more conductive, and current to rise.

Contd

As the negative current is applied, the oxygen vacancies withdraw from the pure TiO2
causing the pure and more resistive TiO2 , becoming less conductive, and slowing the
current.

Advantages
Reliability when power is interrupted
Greater data density
Less expensive
Doesnt consume power during idle
Faster than flash memory
Quicker boot up of computers

Applications
As a switch
As a non volatile memory
Can perform logic operations
In artificial neural networks

Conclusion
Memristor technology has the potential to open the door to brand new
type of electronics.
Memristor will change circuit design in 21st century as radically as the
transistor in 20th century.
May replace transistors in ICs
Memristor qualifies as fundamental circuit element

THANK YOU