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TENSES
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE

Competence
Students are able to express their
ideas in good English sentences
using tenses properly

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Tenses
Simple
Present

Present

Present
Continuous

Present
Perfect
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S + V1 (+es/s) +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

S + to be pres. + V-ing +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

S + has/have + V3 +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

Present Tense
To be

Adverb of
frequency

Adverb of time

is

always

every

now

since

am

usually,
generally,
commonly

each

today

for

are

often, frequently

on Monday

at this time

been

sometimes

twice a day

at this
moment

seldom, rarely

at 9 P. M

at present

never

once a week

right now
this morning
this afternoon
this evening

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Usage
Simple present is used
to express an action
that is done
frequently (habitual
action daily routine).

Simple present is also

used to express a
general truth
(something that is
always true)

Examples:
-I take a bath every
morning
-I do not take a bath
once a week
-Do I take a bath once
a week?

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Examples:
-Water runs down
hill
-The sun rises at
the East

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Usage
Present continuous is
used to express an
action that is
happening now.
Examples:
-You are writing a
letter now.
-You are not reading a
book now.
-Are you reading a
book now?

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Present continuous is
also used to express
future (in some
cases).
Examples:
-I am going home
-She is dying

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Usage
Present perfect is
used to express an
action that has
happened in the past,
and it is still
happening until now.
Examples:
-Hendra has done his
homework.
-You and I have not
finished the research.
-Have we corrected
our work?

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Present perfect shows

us unlimited time of
action.
We do not know when
the action will finish.
Examples:
-Walter has built the
rocket since 2001.
-The engineers have
planed the project for
three years.

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
1. General truth

hold, contain, ingredient, consist of, include,

mean, signify

Examples:
-Water contains two hydrogen and an oxygen
-This book holds 295 pages

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
2a. Verbs that describe an effect on
our minds
smell, taste, sound,
feel

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Examples:
-This soup smells
good
-The fruit tastes
sour
-It sounds nice
-These clothes feel
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
2b. Verbs that describe an effect on our
minds
seem, appear,
look

Examples:
-You seem very happy
-He appears to be a prosperous
business man
-He looks prosperous

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
2c. Verbs that describe an effect on our
minds
matter

Examples:
-The price does not matter. I must buy
that coat
-I cannot find your dictionary. Does it
matter?

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
3. Emotion

love, hate, like, care for, adore,

loathe

Examples:
-I love my parents
-The students like to be
with him
-He hates to go to the
workshop
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4a. Verbs describe mental
activity

forget, remember, recall,

recollect

Examples:
-Ninna forgets to bring her
dictionary
-Dody recalls the way of fixing his
bicycle
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4b. Verbs describe mental
activity

think that, feel that, suppose that,

consider that
Examples:
-I think (that) she is learning English very
quickly
-She feels (that) she is making good
progress
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4c. Verbs describe mental
activity

notice, recognize, perceive

Examples:
-I notice that you have a new
computer
-Dody recognizes his old
motorbike
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4d. Verbs describe mental
activity

know, understand, gather (=understand),

comprehend

Examples:
-Do you know his song? No, I dont
know it
-Does he understand English? Yes, he
does
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4e. Verbs describe mental
activity

want, wish, desire, envy, covet, require,

need, refuse

Examples:
-He wants to apply for a job
-I wish to have a good position in my
new job

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
4f. Verbs describe mental
activity

believe, forgive, pardon,

trust

Examples:
-I believe you are learning
English
-You are very rude, but I
forgive you
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
5.
Possession
possess, has, have, belong to,
own

Examples:
-They have some tools
-This screwdriver belongs to his
uncle
-Mr. Paimo owns a luxurious black
jaguar
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have + ailments
-I have a headache
-He has influenza

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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
6. We use see and
hear
-What do you see?
-I see a crowd of people
-I see that you have grown up
well
- I hear that you are learning
English
When we talk about actual sights or sounds, we
can say:
-I hear a noise
-The children see the dancing dolphins
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Notes:
There are some verbs that cannot be used in
Continuous Tenses
7. Special
case

come
from

When we say:
Where do you come from?, it means: what is your
native country? or where were you born? or what is
your hometown?
The answer will be:
-I come from ..
-They come from
..
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Tenses
Simple Past

Past

Past
Continuous

Past Perfect

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S + V2 + (O/Adv./Adj.)

S + to be past + V-ing +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

S + had + V3 + (O/Adv./Adj.)

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Past Tense
To be

Adverb of time

was

yesterday

were

last night

been

last Monday
last year
two days ago
the day before today

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Usage
Simple past is used to express an action that was happened
in the past

Examples:
-She repaired the excavator at the workshop yesterday.
-I did not operate that computer two days ago
-Did he copy those files to your flash disc last week?

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Usage
1. Past continuous is used to express an action that was
happening in the past (and followed by another action).

Examples:
-I was studying yesterday morning.
-They were not discussing the problem when the
lecturer came.

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Usage
2. Past continuous is used to express an action that was
happening in the past at a specific point of time

Examples:
-He was watching the football game at this time
yesterday.
-The students were not doing the project at 09.30 A.
M last Monday.

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Usage
3. Past continuous is used to express two actions that were
happening at the same time in the past.

Examples:
-Tuti was fixing the computer while Rudi was repairing his motor
bike gear (yesterday).
-The students were not listening while the lecturer was explaining
the subject.

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Usage
Past perfect is used to express an action that had
completely done in the past (before another action
happened)
Examples:
-Hendra had done his homework.
-You and I had not finished the research.
-Had you corrected your work (before played the game)?

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Tenses
Simple
future

S + Shall+ V1 +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

Future

Future of
intention

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S + Will + V1 + (O/Adv./Adj.)

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S + to be + going to + V1 +
(O/Adv./Adj.)

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Future Tense
To be

Adverb of time

is

tomorrow

am

next..

are

later
.later
the day after tomorrow

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Usage
Simple future is used for:
-Saying plan
-Expressing an agreement
-Expressing a scheduled
activity
-Indicating a conditional
sentence
-Indicating a refusal
-Indicating a request
-Expressing an advice or
suggestion

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Usage
Examples:
-I will go to the mall after the
class
-Anton will see you tomorrow
-He will have a class at 07.30
A. M
-She will come if you ask her
-I will not (wont) come to your
party
-Will you come to my house
tonight?
-You shall study hard
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Usage
Future of intention is used for:
-Showing our intention to do
something
Example:
-I am going to do my homework
tonight
It means:
-It is my intention to do my homework tonight
-I intend to do my homework tonight
-I have decided to do my homework tonight
-I have made up my mind to do my homework
tonight

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Usage
Future of intention is used for:
-Expressing an action that will happen, and nobody can
prevent it

Examples:
-I am going to sneeze
-That car is going to
crash
-That man is going to
fall
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Notes
Intention with
people

Going to

Certainty with
people and things

Going to

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Assignment
Telling about:
Daily activities (in a day)
Past time experiences
Plan for your future
Please choose one of them.

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Here are
the
examples

My Daily Activities
I wake up at 4 A. M. I take a bath, wear my clean and fresh cloths.
Then I make my breakfast. It is a tuna sandwich and a glass of lemon water.
After that, I prepare my childrens meal for taking it to school.
After taking my children to their schools, I tidy up the house and
prepare myself to office or to my school. I study at my school from 08.00 up to
11.00 A. M or 11.00 A. M up to 02.00 P. M. I teach at the office after studying.
In the afternoon, usually, I accompany my children to study or taking
them to church if they have activities there. Sometimes, my children, my
husband and I have a little barbeque party in the yard with our relatives on the
week end.
When the children have their nice dream, my husband and I have a
talk about our activities in a day. We make some evaluation, and sometimes we
have a hard debate on something. We usually go to bed around 12.30 or 02.00
A. M.

My Experience
This story is about my first working
experience. I was graduated from Sanata Dharma in
1991. after graduated, I went to Pontianak for having a
kind of relaxation.
Unfortunately, on the forth day, I was asked to
help for work by my aunt neighbour. He was the
branch manager of PT. United Tractors of West
Borneo. Well, finally, I worked at the field I hate most.
Business.
I learned how to work with men. And I loved
it. I learned how to be a secretary, to be an assistant of
salesmen, to be a fotocopy officer, to be a seller and to
be a decision maker of the branch managers
problems. It was fun.
I learned many things from everybody there. I
love to work with men, but I do not like business.
Thats why I quit from that company. But, I am gratefull
having this working experiences.

MY PLAN
I will have a very nice experience two weeks later. I, together with my
children and some more kids are going to Semarang. We will go there by bus.
There will be 20 children, 5 catholic young people and 10 adults. We are going
to have a mini charity events there.
The children will promote their religion songs album, and the money
are going to be used for renovating the local church building. The children
and catholic young people will have a show. They are going to play music and
sing their songs.
We are not going to be paid, for the Only God has paid us already by
giving us the ability of sharing and caring to others. The children are always
happy and healthy. That is one ways of our children learning how to live.
Knowing, sharing and caring.

Happy learning.
and
Have nice day!

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