Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Analysis
Bill Vesely
Office of Safety and Mission Assurance
NASA Headquarters
Basic Events
G020
G021
G022
KS RELAY CONTACTS
REMAIN CLOSED FOR
T>60 SEC
K2 RELAY CONTACT
FAILS TO OPEN WHEN K5
RELAY CONTACTS CLOSED
FOR T>60 SEC
G023
G024
A Typical
EMF REMAINS ON K5
COIL FOR T>60 SEC
KS RELAY CONTACTS
FAIL TO OPEN
K2 RELAY CONTACTS
FAIL TO OPEN
G025
B026
B028
G030
Fault Tree
K3 RELAY CONTACTS
REMAIN CLOSED FOR
T>60 SEC
K1 RELAY CONTACTS
FAIL TO OPEN WHEN K3
CONTACTS CLOSED FOR
t>60 SEC
K1 RELAY CONTACTS
FAIL TO OPEN WHEN K5
CONTACTS CLOSED FOR
t>60 SEC
G027
G028
G031
B032
K5 RELAY CONTACTS
FAIL TO OPEN
B042
B043
G097
S1 SWITCH
INASDVERTENTLY CLOSES
OR FAILS TO OPEN
RESET SIGNAL
INADVERTENTLY APPLIED
OR NOT REMOVED FROM
SWITCH S1
G048
B100
B101
B050
G090
B075
B095
B096
Applications of FTA
Prioritization of Contributors for Resource
Allocation
Development of a Design
Determination of Effective Tradeoffs
Resolution of Causes for Mishap Analysis
Demonstration of Compliance with Single Failure
Criteria
Establishment of Contingency Criteria
Monitoring and Tracking of Performance
RRW Factor
(Reduction)
99.3%
143
100
86.7%
7.5
43
13%
1.15
43
0.5%
1.01
100
0.3%
1.00
13
0.3%
1.00
1.00
0.01%
1.00
1.00
RAW Factor
(Increase)
10
12
13
The
Columbia
Fault Tree
LOCV DURING
ENTRY DUE TO
AERODYNAMIC BREAKUP
LOCV
AERODYNAMIC
BREAKUP DUE TO
IMPROPER ATTITUDE
/ TRAJECTORY
CONTROL
AERODYNAMIC
BREAKUP DUE TO
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
OF THE ORBITER
36
AC
SF
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
OF ORBITER DUE
TO LOSS OF STRUCTURAL
MEMBER
LOSS OF AERODYNAMIC
CHARACTERISTICS
DUE TO LOSS OF
OUTER MOLD LINE (OML)
34
SFSM
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO AFT FUSELAGE
FAILURE
SFOML
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO PAYLOAD
BAY DOOR FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO CREW CABIN
MODULE FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO BODY FLAP
FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO FRCS STRUCTURAL
FAILURE
2
SFOML-WING
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO FWD FUSELAGE
FAILURE
SFOML-FWD
SFOML-AFT
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO MID FUSELAGE
FAILURE
SFOML-MID
SFOML-BAY
SFOML-CABIN
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO OMS POD
FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO TAIL FAILURE
SFOML-OMS
SFOML-TAIL
SFOML-FLAP
SFOML-FRCS
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO WINDOW
FAILURE
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO PAILURE
SOURCE INTERNAL
TO PAYLOAD BAY
SFOML-WINDOW
SFOML-INTPLB
SFOML-SSME
2003/04/18
14
Page 1
LOSS OF OML
DUE TO WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
SFOML-WING
WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
DUE TO OVERPRESSURIZATION
OR COLLAPSE
WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
DUE TO WING OVERLOAD
WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
DUE TO THERMAL
DAMAGE BURN THROUGH
21
SFOML-WING-5-1
WING OVERPRESS OR
COLLAPSE DUE TO PRESSURE
SYSTEM FAILURE CAUSING
INADVERTENT PRESS
INADVERTENT
PRESSURIZATION
DUE TO PRSD/ECLSS
TANK FAILURE
SFOML-WING-5-2
WING OVERPRESS
OR COLLAPSE DUE
TO PAYLOAD BAY
SOURCE (ME)
SFOML-WING-6-6
WING/ELEVON
STRUCTURAL FAILURE
DUE TO WEAKENED
WING STRUCTURE
SFOML-WING-6-18
23
SFOML-WING-5-3
WING OVERPRESS OR
COLLAPSE DUE TO BLOCKED
VENT RESULTING IN FAILURE
TO REPRESS
SFOML-WING-6-5
SFOML-WING-5-4
WING OVERPRESS OR
COLLAPSE DUE TO BLOWN
TIRE CAUSING INADVERTENT
PRESSURIZATION
SFOML-WING-6-7
INADVERTENT
PRESSURIZATION
DUE TO OTHER
EVENT
3
SFOML-WING-7-12
SFOML-WING-7-13
2003/04/18
15
Page 2
The Columbia
Fault Tree
Continued
WING/ELEVON STRUCTURAL
FAILURE DUE TO THERMAL
DAMAGE BURN THROUGH
SFOML-WING-5-3
OVERHEAT/BURN
THROUGH DUE TO TPS
MALFUNCTION
OVERHEAT/ THERMAL
DAMAGE/BURN THROUGH DUE
TO INADVERTENT OPENING IN
WING ALLOWING PLASMA FLOW
SFOML-WING-6-10
SFOML-WING-6-9
THERMAL DAMAGE
BURN THROUGH
DUE TO HIGHER
HEATING
TPS MALFUNCTION
DUE TO REINFORCED
CARBON-CARBON
(RCC) FAILURE
TPS MALFUNCTION
DUE TO BLANKET
FAILURE
TPS MALFUNCTION
DUE TO TILE FAILURE
18
20
SFOML-WING-7-20
SFOML-WING-7-21
SFOML-WING-7-22
SEAL FAILURE
DUE TO THERMAL
BARRIER FAILURE
TPS MALFUNCTION
DUE TO SEAL FAILURE
SFOML-WING-7-23
SFOML-WING-7-18
SEAL FAILURE
DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL
SEAL FAILURE
SFOML-WING-6-8
INADVERTENT OPENING IN
WING ALLOWING PLASMA
FLOW DUE TO FLIPPER
DOOR FAILURE
SFOML-WING-7-19
SEAL FAILURE
DUE TO ELEVON
COVE SEAL FAILURE
7
SFOML-WING-8-22
SFOML-WING-8-24
SFOML-WING-9-32
SFOML-WING-9-33
SFOML-WING-8-23
IMPACT
12
SFOML-WING-10-48
SNEAK FLOW
11
SFOML-WING-9-24
SFOML-WING-9-46
SFOML-WING-10-18
SFOML-WING-10-17
2003/04/18
16
Page 4
The Columbia
Fault Tree
Continued
INFLIGHT
IMPACT ON
ASCENT
SFOML-WING-10-3
ET DEBRIS IMPACTON
ASCENT (ME)
SFOML-WING-11-8
SFOML-WING-11-5
SFOML-WING-11-7
SFOML-WING-11-18
ORBITER CAUSED
INFLIGHT IMPACT ON
ASCENT
SFOML-WING-11-6
SFOML-WING-11-64
FOD
ORBITER
HARDWARE
SFOML-WING-12-25
TPS IMPACTS
ORBITER
SFOML-WING-11-60
SSME DEBRIS
IMPACT (ME)
SFOML-WING-12-24
ORBITER ACCESS
PANEL
SFOML-WING-11-61
2003/04/18
17
Page 15
18
B001
B003
1.00E-03
1.00E-03
B002
1.00E-03
19
SEALS FAIL
INDEPENDENTLY
B004
G003
1.00E-04
1.00E-09
B001
B003
1.00E-03
1.00E-03
B002
1.00E-03
20
22
23
Mission
MIR HABITABILITY
*
Page 2
Critical
Functions
Tasks
Attitude Control
Pressure Control
Maintain
Pressure
Boundary
Isolate
Compartments
Emergency
Isolation
External
Skin
Internal
Hatches
Emergency
Hatches
Gyrodynes
Automatic
Control
Mir
Thrusters
Progress
Thrusters
Progress
Fuel
Fuel
Resources
*
Support
Systems
Activated Manually
Challenged by Collision
Challenged by Manual Action
Equipment Failure
24
MIR HABITABILITY
*
Page 1
Elektron
Generator
Electric
Power
(Page 4)
Page 3
Oxygen
Generation
CO2
Control
Activate and
Monitor Oxygen
Supply
Activate and
Monitor CO2
Control
Oxygen
Candles
Equipment
Cooling VGR
Oxygen
Bottles
Vozdukh
Progress
Electric
Power
(Page 4)
Lithium
Hydroxide
Vacuum
Control
Valve
Other
Russian
Systems
Bypass
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Reference
Fault Tree Handbook with Aerospace Applications,
Version 1.1, NASA Publication, August 2002.
32