Spinning Types

Shahrukh Shahbaz

Open end spinning

Rotor Spinning

Air Vortex Spinning

Friction Spinning

Disc Spinning

Air Vortex Spinning

Yarn is formed by an Air-Vortex in a tube

Air is sucked into the tube through tangential slots

The air moves upward along the tube wall in spiral and finally arrives at the
upper tube seal.

Air returns down into the central of tube as the tube exit is sealed

Operating Principle

Opened fiber material is allowed enter the system through an opening

To form a yarn, an open yarn end is introduced into the tube through a passage at
upper seal

The vortex grasp this yarn end and whirls it round in circles in same way as the
fibres

Since the yarn upper end is nipped in withdrawal rollers and the lower yarn end is
in rotation, each revolution of the yarn in the vortex inserts one turn of twist into
the yarn

Problems

Correct ordered binding-in of the fibers i.e. achieving adequate strength in the
yarn. For this reason, synthetic fibres of highest attainable uniformity are mainly
used

Variability in twist level in spun yarn, twist can vary within a very wide range

Advantage

Absence of any kind of rapidly rotating machine parts

Wrap Spinning

A roving is fed

Roller drafting system

Fiber strand runs through the hallow spindle, without receiving true twist.

To impart twist, a filament is wound around before it falls apart

A continuous filament thread comes from a small rapidly rotating bobbin

The bobbin is mounted on a hollow spindle

Wrap Yarn

The wrap yarn always thus consists of two component

A twist free staple fibre component(core yarn)

Wrapping filament yarn (around the core)

Ring spinning

Problems

Difficult to automate

Productivity (Speed Limitations)

Limited improvements

Rotor Spinning

First design in mid 1950s

first display in 1955 but discontinued

1967 it was briefly introduced to the commercial market

Current market share 20% of staple yarn production

Rotor Spinning

Economical aspects

Speed 30,000 rpm to 100,000 rpm

4-10 times more productive than ring spinning

More economical

Excellent recycling device

Fully automated

Rotor Spinning

Principle:

The sliver is introduced by a feeder cylinder followed by a opener

Fibers are sent to rotor through vaccum channel

Compacts the fibers and twists them at same time.

Rubbing (Self-Twist) Techniques

Fiber strand passes through pair of two reciprocating rubber rollers

Twist imparted in alternating sense

The untwisting movement release the turns of twists

Rubbing (Self-Twist) Techniques

This type of yarn has less strength, so it is re-twisted in order to attain the
strength

Electrostatic Spinning