G.H.

RAISONI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(An Autonomous Institute Under UGC act 1956 & affiliated to R.T.M. Nagpur University )

USING OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Introduction

Trends in Medical Systems

Tomostpeople,embedded systems arenotrecognizableascomputers.

Theyarehiddeninsideeverydayobjectsthatsurroundusandhelpusin
ourlives.
Donotinterfacewiththeoutsideworldthroughfamiliarpersonalcomputer
interfaces-mouse,keyboardandgraphicuserinterface.
Interfacewiththeoutsideworld-sensors,actuatorsandspecialized
communicationlinks.
Embeddedsystemiscombinationofhardwareandsoftwarewhichtogether
formacomponentofalargermachine
Embeddedsystemsarecombinationofprocessors,sensors,actuators,
intelligence,hiddencomputersandmassivedeployment,intensive
interactionwithuncertainenvironment.
Operateinconstrainedenvironmentsinwhichcomputermemoryand
processingpowerarelimited.
Theyoftenneedtoprovidetheirserviceswithinstricttimedeadlinestotheir
usersandtothesurroundingworld.
Usingofreal-timeoperatingsystemsinembeddedsoftware
Designedtorunonitsownwithouthumanintervention-respondtoeventsin
realtime.

Directface-to-facemedicalsupporttoremotesupervision
andmonitoringautomateddevicesforcontroloflong-term
medicationandtreatment
Newmeansofinteractionandsurgerybynewmedical
devices(MEMS,nanodevices)
Smarterhealthcaresystems:automatederror-free
provisionandprotectionofmedicine,data/criticalassetsand
support(criticalclinicalprocesses)inhospitals
Componentsofhealthcaresystemsastechnologydrivers

Characteristics
Criticality-nominalbehaviorthatcanimpactsafety,securityandmission
completion.
Reactivity- inthephysicalenvironment-continuousinteractionwithit,realtimeconstraintsrelatingtheirexecutionspeedtothatoftheirenvironment.
Autonomy-fulfilltheirfunctionswithouthumaninterventionforextended
periodsoftime,humanreactionsmaybetoosloworinsufficientlypredictable.
Embeddedcomputingconceptsarethesameasinconventionalcomputing,
buttheyareappliedinwaysthatareunfamiliartomany.
Resourcesaremoreconstrained,temporalissuesareoftencomplex,and
reliabilityismuchmorevital.
Embeddedcomputingrequiresmuchgreaterinteractionwiththesystems
hardwareelements.
Synergyamongseveralkeytechnicalareas-formidablegrowthinembedded
computingpower,embeddedtasksarefasterandcheaper
Embeddedcomputingisnolongerthemainlimitingfactor
Embeddedcomputingcanbeappliedtomakebiomedicalinstrumentsmore
capable,easiertouse,andeasiertointegrateintosystems

Transducerthatusespulsed
Continuousarterialblood
gasmonitor
Doppler
ultrasoundtomeasurefetalheart
rate

Continuous,noninvasivebloodpressuremonitor
Ambientintelligence(AmI)intermsoftheabilitytosense
environmentalchanges-automaticallyacquiredatafrom
AmIsensors
Integrationofanumberofcomponentsystemsthatfita
specializedrolewithinhealthcare
Componentareasprovidesdriversonandneedsfor
researchanddevelopmentinhealthcaresystems

Submitted By Gopi Khandale

M.TECH. 1st SEM. ETRX.

Medical Applications

Hybrid computer/drug systems,involvingcomplex

biologicalandcomputinginteraction.
Information infrastructure e.g.electronichealthrecord,
electronicpatientrecord
Management and control of procedures:e.g.drug
administration,therapymanagement
Assistive technologies for procedures: e.g.surgicalrobots,
therapeuticnano-machines
In-body devices:e.g.pacemakers,defibrillators,infusersfor
drugmanagement
Advisory systems:e.g.radiologypromptingsystems,drug
expertsystems
Treatment machines:e.g.linacs,ventilators
Monitoring/Imaging systems:e.g.scanners,x-ray,blood
gas
Modeling to support procedures:e.g.jointreplacement
VR/Enhanced reality systems:e.g.jointreplacement,microsurgery
Training systems, simulation systems
Telemedicine systems, including telesurgery,
teleconsultation, telesupervision

Conclusion
Embeddedsystemswillhaveamoreimportantrolein
biomedicalapplicationsinthefollowingperiod.
Themainareasofapplicationsareintelligent home
healthcare embedded system andtelemedicine.
Exploringandexploitingnewopportunitiesintheemerging
interfacebetweencomputerandbiology/healthcare
Evaluatingemergingtechnologiessuchaspervasiveand
embeddedhybridcomputing.
Mobilecommunicationforgeographically-independent
remoteaccess,monitoring,andcontrollingofmedical
appliancesandexperiments
Design a remote monitoring and controlling abiomedical
laboratoryenvironment.
CreateaVirtual Lab-controllabequipmentsarephysically
awayfromtheirlaboratories