EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

AND RESPONSE

Safety And Health Officer

Certificate Course

Learning Objectives

To define what is an emergency

To describe why prepare for an
emergency
To determine the stages of an emergency
To identify the elements of emergency
programme for preparedness, response
and recovery

Scope
Recognising an emergency
Emergency management
Emergency planning
Emergency planning
Emergency mitigation and resources
Procedures
Incident control and facilities
Training & exercises

What Is An Emergency
Accident unexpected event which cause
damage @ harm. Happens by chance
Emergencyan unforeseen combination
of circumstances @ the resulting state
that calls for immediate action
Disastera sudden calamitous event
bringing great damage, loss @
destruction

Why Prepare For An Emergency

There are unaccounted, unplanned &

unexpected event
Accidents happen at any time and
emergency situation is chaotic
Emergency often escalates to crisis

Levels Of Emergencies
Depends on severity of the incident and capability of
the organisation
Level 1
If within the capabilities of the organisation
Level 2
If external assistance is required: mutual aid,
district or other agencies. MKN Arahan 20 may
apply.
Level 3
State or National Disaster. MKN Arahan 20 takes
over.

Emergency and fire safety

planning
Emergency actions should a written plan
listing , in detail , the procedures to be
taken in the event of a fire.
Employees must know the emergency
routes in their work areas and be
familiar with the plant layout. All
employees must receive a guided tour of
evacuation routes and emergency exits
during orientation.

Operators must know their specific

procedures when an emergency arises. Safe
shutdown procedures for equipment should
be established to prevent equipment damage
and additional hazards. Evacuating
employees to a safe location is a top priority.
The alarm system to notify employees of
emergencies and evacuations must be clearly
recognizable during emergency conditions .
Horns ,sirens, public announcement system
and other alarm devices must alert
employees of an emergency.

Goals of Emergency Response

Control, Reduce or stop the cause
Control situation and limit secondary
damage
Continue operations and recover quickly

Fire safety plan

Never ignore the fire alarm.
Read your buildings evacuation plan.
Count the doors or desk between where
you work and the nearest exits.
Know at least two ways out of your work
area.
Know where the fire alarm pull stations
are located and learn how to use them.

Fire control method

There are several methods commonly
used to control a fire, including the
following :1. Starvation methods
2. Smothering methods
3. Cooling methods

1.Starvation methods
1. Separating
fuel

2. Closing
the supply
valve

3.Stopping
fuel supply

2.Smothering methods
1. Blocking
oxygen

2.Use foam
/CO2

3.CO2
replace
oxygen

3.Cooling methods
1.Lowering
the heat

2.Water
absorbs heat

3.Cools the
fuel

Fire protection
method

General requirements
The employer shall be responsible for
development of a fire protection program to be
followed throughout all phases of the construction
and demolition work, and shall provide for the fire
fighting equipment as specified in this subpart.
As fire hazards occur , there shall be no delay in
providing the necessary equipment.

Water supply
A temporary or permanent water supply,
of sufficient volume , duration ,and
pressure , required to properly operate the
fire fighting equipment shall be made
available as soon as combustible
materials.

Portable fire fighting equipment

1. Fire extinguishers and small hose lines
travel distance from any point of the
protected area to the nearest fire
extinguisher shall not exceed 100 feet.

Fixed fire fighting equipment

2. Sprinkler protection
If the facility being constructed includes the
installation of automatic sprinkler protection , the
installation shall closely follow the construction .

3. Standpipes
In all structures in which standpipes are
required , or where standpipes exist in structure
being altered , they shall be brought up as soon
as applicable laws permit, and shall be
maintained as construction progresses in such a
manner that they are always ready for fire
protection use

Fire cut-off
4. Fire walls and exit stairways , required
for the completed buildings, shall be
given construction priority. Fire doors ,
with automatic closing devices ,shall be
hung on openings as soon as
practicable.

summary

Organise emergency management team

Identify the accident scenarios and
emergency consequences
Identify resources, equipment and
facilities
Develop plans and procedures
Train, drill and exercise
Review system