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N
BY
I GEDE YOGA PERMANA
I GST. PUTRA JNANA YOGA
GEDE PRADIPTA PUTRA
ARTICULATION
The act of moving two articulators toward
each other for the obstruction of the outgoing air is called articulation. The two
articulators may be moved in such a way that
they are touching or almost touching each
other at a certain point which is called point
(place) of articulation.
Besides on the basis of point of articulation,
speech sounds are also classified based on
the ways in which the out-going air is
obstructed (manner of articulation).
Respiration
Is the process of modifiying the air from the lungs for use in greating in
speaking. Respiration depends on the nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities
for air intake, which involve :
1. Pulmonary sytem
2. chest wall
3. major and minor thoracic muscle groups
4. Abdominal muscle
Phonation
Is the modification of the airstream from the lungs by the movement of
the structures in the laryngeal area (an airway to the lungs)
Resonation
Is the modifiction of the airstream from the lungs by the size, shape and
movement of the structure of nasal area, oral area, and pharyngeal areas
(part of throat that connects inner nose to the throat)
MANNER OF
ARTICULATION
There are four main kinds of
constriction made by the articulators in
producing speech sounds:
1.
2.
3.
4.
TOTAL CLOSURE
INTERMITTENT CLOSURE
PARTIAL CLOSURE
NARROWING