3G Radio Access Network

Nokia RNC Architecture

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Nokia 3G Networks
LCS

PSTN/
PSTN/
ISDN
ISDNMN
P

CBS
CBC

SAS
or
A-GPS
Server

MNP
IN

SRR

IN-SCP

SC
N

IMS
IMS
VLR

WBTS
MGW

MSS

HLR

CPS

S-AXC
RNC
WBTS
RA
N

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

IPIP
Network
Network
3GSGSN

GGSN
PC
N

PDN/
PDN/
Internet
Internet

IMR

Nokia IPA2800 Packet Platform

Nokia IPA2800 Packet Platform
IPA2800 Packet Platform is targeted primarily
to those carrier grade applications in which
the emphasis is on the effective user plane
manipulations in both IP and ATM domains
Typical application areas are in network
elements like WCDMA Radio Network
Controller and Gateways
between ATM, IP and TDM networks

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

IPA 2800 vs. DX200

There exists many differences between the IPA2800 and the DX200, but
the objective has been to continue to use as many of the features found in
the DX200 as possible.

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

IPA 2800 vs. DX200: Hardware

Switching : The use of ATM switching, instead of TDM
Network Interfaces : A variety of network interfaces types
are used and network inter-working is supported
Mechanics : A new mechanics concept and new
dimensioning is used in IPA
Plug-in units : All plug-in units are different in IPA2800
platform and DX 200 platform.
System internal communication :
ATM vs. Message Bus and LAPD channels
Hardware Management System : replaces
wired alarms, and provides new functionality
Compact network elements
Forced cooling with fans
5

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Cabinents & Subracks

Up to 2 cabinents
Depends on capacity needed
4 subracks in each rack
Cabinent info
type of cabinet
cabinet HMS number
Subracks info
type of subrack
subrack HMS number

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Rack 1
Subrack 1
Subrack 2
Subrack 3
Subrack 4

Rack 2

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

RNAC

10

Nokia Siemens Networks

RNB
C

June 2007

IPA2800 Platform
O&M functions of RNW
Management of RNW and
resources
Switching and multiplexing
Signalling towards Iu, Iub and
Iur
NEMU

Functional Unit Categories in RNC

Network Interface Units
NIP1, NIS1 and NIS1P
Management and Control Computer Units
OMU, RRMU, RSMU, GTPU, ICSU and NEMU
Signal Processing Units
DMCU
Switching and Multiplexing Units
SFU, MXU and A2SU
Timing and Hardware Management Units
TBU, EHU
12

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Redundancy Principles
Duplication (2N)
one spare unit designated for one active unit software in the
unit pair is kept synchronized (hot-standby) -> fast switchover
Replacement (N+1)
one or more units designated to be spare units for a group
allocating resources to a unit defines it as active, not
allocating resources defines to be spare unit can replace any
active unit in the group -> slower switchover, requires
warming (cold-standby) users responsibility to change the
working state of the unit to reflect the resource allocation
situation and to leave at least one spare unit
Load sharing (SN+)
no spare units, group acts as a resource pool number of
units selected so that there is overcapacity, if a few units are
disabled, the whole group can still perform its functions
No redundancy
no special requirements for reliability

13

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Redundancy
Unit

Redundancy

A2SU
DMCU
GTPU
ICSU
RSMU
RRMU
MXU
OMU
WDU

SN+
SN+
SN+
N+1
2N
2N
2N
2N
2N
2N
N+1
SN+
n

14

Nokia Siemens Networks

Unit
PDU
SFU
TBU
NIS1
FDU
NEMU
EHU
NIP1

Redundancy
2N
2N
2N
2N (optional)
n
n
n
n

duplicated units
one spare unit (to take over the load of a faulty uni
one units extra capacity (workload shared betwee
no redundant
June 2007

Switching Fabric Unit (1/2)

Purpose:
Purpose
Serves as the main switch fabric of the exchange
Operates according to a non-blocking connection principle
Supports both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connection
topologies
Handles various ATM service categories.
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
unit

15

Nokia Siemens Networks

2N
SF10
ATM Switch Fabric Plug-in Unit 10 Gbit/s

June 2007

Multiplexer Unit
Purpose:
Purpose
Enables connection of the low-to-medium bit-rate signal
processing units and computer units, as well as low-bit-rate
network interface units, to the ATM switch fabric
Performs the multiplexing and demultiplexing of ATM cells
ATM layer management and processing functions such as
header translation, UPC/NPC parameter control, OAM
functions, traffic management
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
unit

16

Nokia Siemens Networks

2N
MX622-B / MX622-C / MX622-D
ATM Multiplexer Plug-in Unit 622 Mbit/s
June 2007

Multiplexing
Traffic from units with lower capacities are multiplexed in order to
utilize switching fabric interface capacity (622 Mbit/s) effectively
Up to 18 tributary units can be connected to one MXU
1.5 .. 2 Mbit/s

Max 155Mbit/s
MXU Max 622Mbit/s

SPU
NIU

NIU

CU

CU

NIU

NIU

CU

SPU
.
.
.
MXU

SPU

17

CU

MXU

.
.
.

SFU
MXU

CU

NIU

NIU

CU

CU

NIU

NIU

CU

SPU

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

AAL Type 2 Switching Unit

Purpose:
Purpose
The A2SU is an AAL Type 2 CPS minipacket switching unit,
which is used in association with the Multiplexing Unit (MXU)
Guarantee bandwidth efficient and limits the transfer delay and
of AAL type 2 connection
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
unit

SN+
AL2S / Al2S-A / AL2S-B/AL2S-D
Configurable Dynamic Signal Processing

Platform

(CDSP)

18

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Management and Control Computer Unit

The Management and Control Computer Unit category
comprises the following
functional units:

OMU ( Operation and Maintenance Unit )

NEMU (Network Element Management Unit)
ICSU ( Interface Control Signaling Unit )
RRMU ( Radio Resource Management Unit )
RSMU ( Resource and Switch Management Unit )
GTPU ( GPRS Tunneling Protocol Unit )

19

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Operational and Management Unit

Purpose:
Handles all the RNC's crucial maintenance functions, such as
hardware configuration management, Hardware Management
System (HMS) supervision, and the associated centralised
recovery functions.
Activates appropriate recovery and diagnostics procedures
Serves as an interface between the NEMU and the other units
Houses the databases containing entire system software, alarms
and radio network configuration.
Redundancy:
2N
Plug-in unit: CCP10/CCP18
Control computer, Pentium III Connector 2
20

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

OMU's storage devices

RNAC

New plug-in unit HDS-B,

consist of two Hard Disk
Drive (HDD): One for OMU
and another for NEMU
73 GB formatted storage
capacity/disk
Redundancy type : 2N

21

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Network Element Management Unit

Purpose:
Purpose
Local user interface
Interface towards the higher level network management system (OSS)
Firewall functionality for protecting LAN/Ethernet connections to
environment
O&M functionalities which are not handled by other computer unit
Post-processing of Fault management and Performance Data
Peripheral device control
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
unit

22

Nokia Siemens Networks

None
MCP18
Management Computer, Pentium III Connector2

June 2007

NEMU
NEMU

OSS

Local user interface

Hardware

Interface towards the

higher-level network
management system

HMS supervision

Firewall functionality for

protecting LAN/Ethernet
connections to
environment

GUI

O&M functionalities which

are not handled by other
computer units of the RNC
Post-processing support
for measurement and
statistics
Peripheral device control

23

OMU

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

configuration
management

Associated centralised
recovery functions
Maintenance of the
RNW configuration
Dedicated storage
devices
Interface between the
NEMU and other units

IPA2800

GUI

Navigation
24

Nokia Siemens Networks

View Data
June 2007

Radio Resource Management Unit

Purpose:
Performs centralized part of telecom signaling

Controls signaling connections between RNC and CN, and between RNCs.
Maintains centralized information, state changes of subsystems, UL

scrambling codes.
Paging message grouping and routing to the RRC protocol according to the
centralized connection information.
Takes care of resource releasing due the fault situations of ICSU units
(e.g. forced switchover, reset, overload)
Redundancy:
Plug-in unit:

25

Nokia Siemens Networks

2N
CCP10/CCP18
Control computer, Pentium III Connector 2

June 2007

Interface Control and Signalling Unit

Purpose:
Handles signalling transaction and RRM functions:
Signalling protocols to Iu, Iub, Iur and Iu-BC interfaces for
- NBAP, RNSAP, RANAP, SABP signalling
- ALCAP (Q.2630.1) signalling
- RRC signalling
Termination of the UNI-SAAL (Iub), NNI-SAAL/MTP-3 (Iur and Iu) and TCP/IP (Iu-BC)
signalling links
Monitoring and recovery of the signalling links
Radio resource management functions
- Admission control (AC)
- Handover control (HC)
- Load control (LC)
- Packet scheduling (PS)
Redundancy:
Plug-in unit:

26

Nokia Siemens Networks

N+1
CCP10/CCP18
Control computer, Pentium III Connector 2

June 2007

Resource and Switch Management Unit

Purpose:
Establishes connections for calls according to requests from the signalling
computer units (ICSUs).
Handles DSP resource management.
Allocation of the DSPs and associated computer resources to different
tasks, such as macrodiversity combining and data traffic functions.
ATM switching management functions:
Establishment of both internal and external connections via the SFU
Management and control of the SFU, A2SU and MXU.
Transmission resource management.
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit:
CCP10/CCP18
Control computer, Pentium III Connector 2

27

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

GPRS Tunnelling Protocol Unit

Purpose:
Facilitates RNC connections towards the SGSN
Routing based on GTP tunnel ID
UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol)
protocols termination
IP and GTP protocol processing
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
unit

28

Nokia Siemens Networks

SN+
CCP10/CCP18
Control computer, pentium III Connector 2

June 2007

Signal Processing Units

Signal Processing Units

DMCU (Data & Micro Diversity Combining
Unit)

29

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Data and Macro-Diversity Combining Unit

Purpose:
Purpose
WCDMA L1 functions, including macro-diversity combining
(MDC) and outer loop power control.
RLC and MAC functions
PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) protocol processing
GTP termination
Encryption
Redundancy:
SN+
Redundancy
Plug-in unit:
CDSP-C
unit
Configurable Dynamic Signal
Processing Platform

30

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Network Element Interface Units

These units serve as the trunk network interfaces of the

exchange.
The category comprises the following units:
Network Interface Unit: (ATM )
NIP1 and NIS1

31

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

IMA Group

NI16P1 plug-in-unit available for

IMA (Inverse Multiplexing ATM)
Several T1/E1/JT1s can be
used for one IMA group
IMA Group
A number of PETs forms a
new physical interface entity
to increase capacity by using
PDH ETs
Iub: max 8xT1/E1/JT1
Iur: max 16xT1/E1/JT1

32

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

MGW

116**
116
E1/T1/JT1
E1/T1/JT1

NIP1
Iu-CS
RNC

SONET APS Automatic Protection Switching

The SONET (Synchronous Optical NETwork) APS provides at the
multiplexer section level protection for transmission link (ANSI, Bellcore
standards).
When primary transmission link fails the APS protocol moves traffic to
secondary transmission link automatically.
The implemented Sonet APS protocol Linear APS 1:1.
SETs of the protected interface pair can be located in different NIUs when
protection is used i.e. 2N redundant units are supported.

SFU
Occupies
one
1 redundant
fabric
port

NIS1
Int. com .
m

NIS1

Secondary
Section 1

4 x STM-1
(VC-4)
APS port e.g. 622
Mbit/s
4 x STM-1
Primary
(VC-4)
Section 1

33

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Timing, HMS & Power Supply

The clock distribution and Hardware Management
Subsystems in the exchange
use the same two types of plug-in units, namely:
TSS3 ( Timing and Synchronization, SDH Stratum 3/TDM )
TBUF ( Timing and Buffer )
The Power Distribution Subsystem in the exchange uses two
types of plug-in
units, namely:
PD30 ( Power Distribution Plug-in Unit 30 A )
CDP120 ( Cabinet Power Distributor 120 A )
34

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Power Distribution System

Purpose:
Distributes the -48 V/-60 V power from the rectifiers or batteries to the
equipment inside the RNC cabinets
Consists of:
CPD80/120 panel inside each cabinet
PD20/30 plug-in units in the subracks
PD20/30 controls the cooling equipment of its own subrack on the
basis of messages sent by the OMU
Redundancy:
Units:

35

Nokia Siemens Networks

None
CPD80/120 Cabinet Power Distributor 80/120 A
PD20/30 Power Distribution Plug-in Unit 20/30 A

June 2007

Timing and Synchronization System

Purpose:
Purpose
Receives an input timing signal from upper network level, and adjusts
its local oscillator to long time mean value and delivers this
synchronised timing signal as system timing to all plug-in units in the
same subrack and TBUF
Operates in plesiochronous mode, if all synchronisation are lost
Collect alarms from the PIUs in the same subrack and transfer them
to HMS master (OMU)
3 synchronisation inputs from line interface card
Redundancy:
Redundancy 2N
Plug-in unit:
unit TSS3 Timing and Synchronization SDH Stratum 3

36

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007

Timing Buffer
Purpose:
Purpose
The TBUF unit is a clock buffer
Distributes the synchronisation signals generated by the TSS3s
to plug-in units not directly fed by the TSS3s.
Collects the alarms from the PIUS in the same subrack and
transfers them further to the HMS master net, which brings the
alarms to the appropriate OMU.
Redundancy:
Redundancy
Plug-in units:
units

37

Nokia Siemens Networks

2N
TBUF Timing Buffer

June 2007

Timing Bus

38

Nokia Siemens Networks

June 2007