DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol

IP addresses and other information can be obtained:

Statically
Dynamically (DHCP)

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DHCP
DHCP Information can
include:
IP address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
Domain name
DNS Server

DHCP servers can be:

Server on LAN
Router
Server at ISP

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Telnet

Telnet

Telnet
Server

Allows a user to remotely access another device (host, router,

switch).
A connection using Telnet is called a Virtual Terminal (VTY) session,
or connection.
Telnet uses software to create a virtual device that provides the same
features of a terminal session with access to the server command
line interface (CLI).
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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

HTTP
Server

Web page (html document)

Web page consists of
Objects
HTML file ,JPEG
image ,GIF image
,JAVA applet, Audio
file

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HTTP
Client

Browser The user

agent for the Web.
Displays requested
Web page and
provides navigational
and configuration
features.

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Web Caching
HTTP
Request

Origin
Server

HTTP Response

Web
Cache
or
Proxy
Server

HTTP
Request

Origin
Server

Client

HTTP
Request
HTTP Response

HTTP
Request

HTTP Response

Client

HTTP Response

1. Client/browser sends HTTP Request to Web cache (Proxy server).

2. Web cache checks to see if it has a local copy of the object.
2a. Local copy: Web cache sends object to clients browser.
2b. No Local copy: Web cache sends HTTP request to origin server.
3. Origin server sends object to Web cache.
4. Web cache stores a local copy of the object.
PC v4.0 cache forwards copy of the object to the client browser.
5. ITE
Web
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SMTP
MTA
receives email
from the client's
MUA
passes email to the
MDA for final
delivery
uses SMTP to
route email
between servers

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Transport Layer Functions

TCP/UDP FUNCTIONS.
1. Multiplexing of upper layer application using port
numbers
2. segmentation of data
3. error detection
TCP Additional functions

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1.

Establishment of connection (3-way handshake)

2.

Management of connection

reliability (sequencing and acknowledgements)

3.

error correction

flow control (Buffering, congestion avoidance,

windowing)

Termination of connection (4-way handshake)

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TCP and UDP

UDP is a simple, connectionless protocol
Applications that use UDP include:
Domain Name System (DNS)
Video Streaming
Voice over IP (VoIP)

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol

Applications that use TCP are:
Web Browsers
E-mail
File Transfers

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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