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Chapter 7
Chapter 7
Cognition
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Chapter 7: Cognition
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Genetic Epistemology
How we come to know reality
Clinical Method
Question and answer technique
Used to discover how children reason
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Assimilation
Using existing schemes to interpret new
experiences
E.g., Birds are things that fly
Accommodation
Modifying schemes to fit new experience
E.g., Butterflies are different than Birds
even though they both fly
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Adaptation
Adjusting to the environment
Using assimilation and accommodation
Intelligence = Adaptation
Constructivism
Children construct own reality
use their experiences (schemes)
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Invariant sequence
Rates may vary
Requires maturation and experience
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Sensorimotor Stage
Newborn uses reflexes to understand world
Eventually - mental representation
Object Permanence
Symbolic Capacity
Language
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Figure 7.4
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Preoperational Stage
Ages 2 7: preschool
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Concrete Operations
Age 7-11
Can conserve
Decentration
Reversible thinking
Logical thinking (limited to reality)
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Formal Operations
Adolescence/puberty
Logical thinking about ideas
Hypothetical and abstract thinking
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning
Decontextual thinking
Ability to separate prior knowledge/beliefs
from new evidence to the contrary
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Formal Operations 2
Adolescent egocentrism
Differentiating own thoughts from others
Imaginary audience
Also, learning to present themselves
to a real audience
Personal fable
No one has ever felt like this before!
I drive better when Im drunk!
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Cognition in Adulthood
Postformal thought
Relativistic thinking: Labouvie-Vief
No absolute answer in many situations
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Piaget
Contributions
Stimulated much research
Correct about cognitive development
Challenges
Underestimated competencies
Focused on performance not competence
Domain growth rather than stages
Social influences left out
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7
Vygotsky
Life-Span Human Development, Fifth Edition, Carol K. Sigelman and Elizabeth A. Rider
Chapter 7