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MILK and MILK

PRODUCTIONS
Prepared by
Nazmiye ULU
2001431035
idem Deniz DALAKLIOLU
2002431010

HISTORY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS


INDUSTRY

A mosaic frieze was found


First milk users are nomads from

Central Asia. (Mongolians, Persians


and Turkish)
Louis Pasteur discovered
pasteurization in 1860
Atatrk Forest Farm

MARKET STRUCTURE of DAIRY


PRODUCTS in TURKEY

INSTITUTIONS in the INDUSTRY


THREATS FOR NEW ENTRANTS OF DAIRY

INDUSTRY
INSTITUTIONS in the INDUSTRY
SUPLIERS in the INDUSTRY
CONSUMERS in the INDUSTRY
GOVERNMENT POLICIES in TURKEY for
DAIRY INDUSTRY
EXTERNAL TRADE of TURKEY in DAIRY
PRODUCTS INDUSTRY

INSTITUTIONS in the
INDUSTRY
-divided into 3 groups
their size
their capacity
their technology
-Encouragement Premium

Table 1: Premium Paid Amount of Milk


Years

Milk Production Total Amount


(Tone)
Milk

of Paid
Premium
(%)

1995

10.601.550

22.863.464

2,15

1996

10.760.915

1.516.618.237

14.09

1997

10.076.526

1.785.911.924

17.72

1998

9.970.531

994.409.032

9.97
end of
August

Table 2:Dairy Firms in Turkey Which Get Confirmation Number


from EU for Exporting to EU
Name of Institution

City

Yrsan Gda Mam.San. ve Tic. A..

Balkesir

Mis St A..

Balkesir

Tekst Mam.San.ve Tic. A..

Balkesir

Tarm Ta A..

Edirne/psala

Mamsan Gda San. Ve Tic.A..

Edirne/Havsa

Mis St. San .A..

stanbul

Pnar St Mam.San .A..

zmir

Kiraz St Mam.San .A..

zmir

Bahvan Gda St Mam.San. ve Tic. A..

Krklareli

Tikveli Mak.San.ve Tic. A..

Krklareli

Yaar Don. Gda Mad.

Kahraman Mara

Unilever San. Ve Tic. A..

Tekirda

Kars Karper Peynir ve Gda San. Ve Tekirda


Tic.A..
Source: DPT, 8. BYKP, Gda Sanayii K Raporu,St ve St rnleri Alt Kom. Raporu

THREATS FOR NEW ENTRANTS OF DAIRY


INDUSTRY

unregistered production and sale


8% value added tax rate
highly priced and inefficient bait
instability in raw milk prices.

SUPLIERS in the INDUSTRY

several actors (Livestock farms, milk marketing

cooperatives, additive stuff production firms, dairy industry


machines production firms, construction firms, energy
suppliers, package producing firms, transportation
vehicles )

Additive stuff is usually imported


from abroad
Dairy industry machines are
imported

CONSUMERS in the INDUSTRY

Calcium
Consumption is rather low

Table 3: Per Capita Milk Consumption (kg/person)


COUNTRY

CONSUMPTION

Turkey

Saudi Arabia

14

Greece

43

Italy

61

Germany

67

USA

88

Switzerland

98

Spain

104

England

107

Sweden

120

Norway

138

Finland

158

Source: ITO, Dairy products Industry, ITO Publication no: 65, zmir,1999

Table 4: Consumption Amount of Dairy products (1000 ton)

Products
Milk
Yoghurt
White Cheese

1995
230
637
168

1996
257
680
180

1997
305
735
190

1998
325
775
195

Cheddar
Cheese
Other Cheese
Butter
Milk powder
Total

41
38
119
11
3.075

43
41
122
12
3.297

47
41
126
14
3.530

49
45
129
13
3.700

Source: DPT, 8. BYKP, Gda Sanayii K Raporu,St ve St rnleri Alt Kom. Raporu

GOVERNMENT POLICIES in TURKEY for


DAIRY INDUSTRY

help industries to increase their

income
The premium can be given over 1000
tones a year
1300 milk firms get the premiums

EXTERNAL TRADE of TURKEY in DAIRY


PRODUCTS INDUSTRY

1) Export

Low export because of inefficiency and quality


standards
Main exportable products are cheese and butter
tulum and white cheese are exported to
Saudi Arabia
a great decrease in export of butter because of
the economic crisis in Russia and herbal
nutrition tendency
ice cream export started to increase

Table 5: Export of Dairy products (Tone)


1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

Cheese

4369

5770

4338

4676

4571

Butter

396

188

83

103

80

IceCream

1118

1254

1616

1084

1554

Other

747

839

468

855

1048

Source: DEMRBA,KARAGZL, AKBULUT,(2002), Dnya ve Trkiyede St ve St rnleri Sana

2) Import

directly related to cattle farming


climatic change or a government
decision affects

Table 6: Dairy products Import of Turkey (Tone)


Product Name

Years

% Change

1995

1996

1997

1998

1996

1997

1998

Milk & Cream

207

307

99

151

48

-68

53

Milk Powder

6.255

8.386

8.228 7.743

34

-6

Butter

3.207

3.444

3.821 5.322

11

39

Cheddar

12

79

0.002

558

-92

-100

White Cheese

1.921

1.485

202

336

-23

-86

66

Other Cheese

852

2.482

1.069 2.041

191

-57

91

Source:DPT(2000) St ve St Mamulleri zel htisas Komisyonu Raporu, VIII. Be Yllk Kalknma Plan

Table 7: Import of Milk Powder from Important Country


Groups (Tone)
Countries

Years

% Change

1995

1996

1997

1998

1996

1997

1998

EU(15)

5.008

5.851

5.780

5.163

16

-2

-11

ICC

986

1.463

1.026

584

48

-30

-43

USA

244

255

60

84

-77

31

S. Africa

100

Poland

60

309

925

129

4,5

199

-86

Czech
Republic

325

60

New Zealand -

375

Romania

19

12

-37

Source: DPT(2000) St ve St Mamulleri zel htisas Komisyonu Raporu, VIII. Be Yllk Kalknma Plan

CONDUCT of FIRMS in DAIRY


INDUSTRY

A. PRICING POLICY
B. MARKETING ACTIVITIES
C. R&D ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCT
DIVERSIFICATIONS OF FIRMS
D. MERGERS

PRICING POLICY
There is not a stable pricing policy
Arguments between the milk producers
and manufacturers.
Manufacturer:
-High price of raw milk, low demand
Producer:
-High cost & risky production
-High bait prices
Streetsellers

MARKETING ACTIVITIES
Different types of marketing

activities
-Big firms
-Medium Sized
-Small seasonal or family firms

R & D ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCT


DIVERSIFICATIONS OF FIRMS

To increase consumption level of Dairy


Introduce new products
-no lactose milk, different age group milk.
Traditional products with modern techniques
-Ayran, Kaymak
Foreign products
-Fruity milk & yoghurt,dairy for digestion.
Ice-Cream

MERGERS
Structural problems such as high cost

and low demand


-need mergers to finance their activities
having a dynamic market is an
advantage in long-term
-Foreign firms main strategy is to capture
the market by using big firms name
-Danone

V.PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS in
DAIRY INDUSTRY
A. TECHNOLOGY

B. QUALITY STANDARDS OF PRODUCTS


AND SERVICE

C. GROWTH OF SALES & CONSUMPTION


D. GROWTH of CAPACITY

TECHNOLOGY
A lot of unsregistered firms mostly
using primitive techniques
institutional firms in the industry
achieve state-of-the-art dairy
technology

QUALITY STANDARDS OF
PRODUCTS AND SERVICE

ISO 9000 series were created as

internationally accepted standard


Turkey applies the standards as TS
EN ISO 9001
4 firms certificated with TS EN ISO
9001 and 28 firms with ISO 9002

Table 8:TS EN ISO 9001 Certificated Dairy Firms in Turkey


Firm

Content of Certificate

Certificat
e
Date

Pnar St Mamulleri Sanayi A..

Dairy Products

1998

Mis St sanayii A..-Gnen


Tesisleri

Milk, Aromatic Milk,Other milks 1999


(mother, children calcium plus
ect), Ayran,
Butter, Cheese, Milk Powder

Mis St sanayii A..-stanbul


Tesisleri

Pasteurized milk, Ayran, Yoghurt,


milk, Butter, Milk Powder

1999

Unilever Sanayi ve Ticaret Trk


A..- Algida

Ice Cream

1999

GROWTH OF SALES &


CONSUMPTION
-Higher income level
-Higher education level

Table 9: Increase in Demand of Dairy products (%)

Products

Years
1995-96

1996-97

1997-98

Milk

11,7

18,7

6,6

yoghurt

6,8

8,1

5,5

White Cheese

6,9

4,2

4,3

Cheddar

7,3

Other cheeses

7,1

0,5

10,2

Butter

2,6

2,9

2,9

Milk powder

9,4

11,5

-5,7

Total

7,2

7,1

4,8

GROWTH of CAPACITY
Government subsidies
Capacity usage ratio is increased
from 17% to 28%

VI. CONCLUSION
Confused structure by comprising the most

modern and most primitive techniques


together
Dilemma obstructs the dairy sector of Turkey
to achieve EU quality standards and to
compete in international area
Inefficient and Unhealty consumption
Policies mainly tries to obstruct unregistered
production
It will take a long time to achieve efficiency
and quality

Thanks for Listening

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