BY SHIVAM LAMBA

CLASS 11th D

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 ALL THE ABOVE
SAID COUNTRIES
i.e. INDIA,
PAKISTAN AND
CHINA ARE A PART
OF ASIA, LARGEST
CONTINENT OF
WORLD .

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 China is most
populous country
of the world.
 It is 6th most largest

country of world.
 It`s a communist

country and has an

economy with
growth rate of 10%
for last 2.8 decade.

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 India is a country in 
South Asia. It is the 
seventh-largest
 country by
geographical area,
the 
second-most populous
 country, and the
most populous 
democracy in the
world.
 It`s literacy rate is
61%.

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 Pakistan  is a
country located in 
South Asia. It has a
1,046 kilometer
(650 mile) coastline
along the Arabian Sea
 and Gulf of Oman in
the south.
 It is the 6th most
populous country of
the world.

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 Diplomatic relations were severed after the border
war in the Himalayas in the 1960s and were not
restored until 1976. China doesn’t recognize India’s
1975 annexation of Sikkim or India’s claim on the
state of Arunachal Pradesh. and it rejects the
McMahon Line drawn between Tibet and British
India in 1914.
 China opposes India getting a permanent seat on
the United Nations Security Council. It claims
Sikkim and 90,000 square kilometers of Arunachal
Pradesh while India claims that 38,000 square
kilometers of its territory in Kashmir that China
took over in the 1960s. In the late 1980s there was
fighting along the Tibetan border between China
and India in the late 1980s.
 India was angered by China's strategic alliance
with Pakistan and sale of missiles and other
weapons to Pakistan. China was concerned about
India’s nuclear tests in 1998.
 India and the United States have a strategic
partnership to maintain leverage over China. China
maintains a strong ties with Pakistan and
Bangladesh to keep pressure on India China
supports the regime in Myanmar but India does
not.
 There is some friction between India and China
over the presence of the Dalai Lama in India and
Indian support of the Tibetan government in exile.
After the Chinese invasion in 1950 many Tibetan
refugees fled into India. The are currently 120,000
exiles from Tibet in India. The Dali Lama and many
of the exiles make their home in Dharmasala, India.
India Religions:
Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other
1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

Pakistan Religions:
Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), other (includes Christian and
Hindu) 3%
India GDP - real growth rate:
9.2% (2006 est.)

Pakistan GDP - real growth

rate:
6.6% (2006 est.)
SECTOR PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

INDIA 23 26 51
PAKISTAN 23 23 54

CHINA 15 53 32

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SECTOR PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

INDIA 60% 16% 24%

PAKISTAN 49% 18% 33%

CHINA 54% 27% 19%

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1. All the countries have shown shift from Primary
to other sector. Now no sector highly dominate
the other.
2. In term of GDP , India and Pakistan both rely on
tertiary sector as compared to china`s
dependence on Secondary sector.
3. In terms of employment ,shift from primary to
other sector have not been significant in India
in comparison to Pakistan and china.

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 Special policies for economic
growth

China – It followed a step of policies like

1) Great Leap Forward
2) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution(GPCR)
3) Dual Pricing
4) Special Economic Zones

Pakistan & India – They followed nearly same step of strategies

like
1)Tariff Protection & Direct Import Control
2)Green Revolution
3)Nationalisation of Capital Goods
4)Mixed Economy

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All of 3 countries has either
high population or high fertility
rate .But only China has
implied a strict policy on birth
control known as ‘one child
norm’.

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India & Pakistan ,both has a
mixed Economy . For social
upliftment ,losses have to be
inherited by someone. Pvt.
Entities don't take such risk
and this when public sector
come into scenario and carries
the movement ahead.

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An index produced by UNDP for 177 countries (as
of June 2008) to measure three aspects of human
development: life expectancy and health;
knowledge; and standard of living.

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 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
India Pakistan

Per Capita Income, in US$ 320.0 430.0

in PPP$ 1,280.0 2,130.0

GDP Growth Rates, 1950- 3.6 5.0

80 5.0 5.9
1980-94
Trade/GDP (PPP) Ratio 10.0 20.0
Per Capita Trade, in US$ 44.0 121.0
Average Annual Rate of 8.7 7.4
Inflation, 1980-93
Overall Budget -6.5 -7.3
Deficit/GDP, 1980-94 -5.0 -5.6
1995
Current Account/GDP, -1.7 -4.4
1980-94 -0.9 -3.9
1995
Export Growth Rate, 1980- 5.9 8.1
90 13.6 11.3
1990-94
Items India China Pakistan
HDI value 0.611 0.768 0.539
Rank 126 81 134
Life expectancy(yrs) 63.6 71.9 63.4

Adult literacy(%) 61.0 90.0 49.9

GDP per capita(PPP US$) 3139 5096 2225

People below poverty 34.5 16.6 17.0

lines(%)
Infant mortality rate(per 62 26 80
1000 birth)
Maternal mortality rate(per 540 56 500
100000 birth)

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Items India China Pakistan

Population With Proper Access to 33 44 59

Sanitation(%)
Population With Proper Access to 86 77 91
Proper water resources(%)
Population Undernourished(%) 20 12 23

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 China:
•Corporate Income Tax: 24%
•Tax-Incentives for high-tech industries: 15%
•Tax Holidays for manufacturing industries:
•Initial two years of profitability: 0 percent tax
•Next three years of profitability: 50% of tax
rate (This is assumed to be 12%)
India:
•India’s tax system is being reformed as we
write this. Following is the tax system for
India’s “Special Economic Zones”:
•Corporate Income Tax: 15%
•First five years of profitability: 0% tax
•Second five years of profitability: 50% tax
(This is assumed to be 7.5%.)
•Third five years of profitability: 50% of tax rate
for any invested dividends that are invested
back into India
 They both have succeed In DOUBLING their per capita
Income.
 Incidence Of poverty has reduced significantly .
 Food production not only keeps pace with demand but
has surplus it.

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o High Protection to domestic producer do not allow to
reap the benefit of world economy.
o Mind set of Political Leader and bureaucracy has been
suppressive.
o They both have high Fiscal Deficit.
oThey have huge defense Expenditure.

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1. Shift of Workforce from agriculture to industry.
2. Migration of people from rural area to urban once.
3. More people have access to improved water sources.
4. Less of people live below poverty line.

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I. Indian skilled man power has given a boost to software industry of
world.
II. No. of Doctors, PhDs, M .A. in india is much more than in Pakistan.
III. The Human Parameters like education, health ,safe drinking water,
Freedom etc. are taken in better ways as compared to Pakistan.
IV. Indian Economy has coped with global pressure after reform in 1991.

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a) Chinese Reforms started a decade before India`s.
b) China focused on pro-poor reforms, while India targeted
growth with stability.
c) China reconstructed agricultural methods.
d) China allowed MNC supported policies like 100% FDI , Hire
And Fire policy. It also allow 100% FDI in retail. India still
follow wait and watch policy.

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GREAT LEAP FORWARD (GLP) –It was launched in 1958 and aimed to
industrilaise china on high scale.
GPCR- In this step, student and professional were send to country
side to work.
Dual Pricing – This meant the farmers and industrial unit were to buy
and sell fixed quantities of raw material and product on prices fixed
by government.
SEZ-It is a geographical region that has economic laws different to
countries basic trade laws.Usally they are set up with an aim to
increase FDI.

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