Situating TVET in the

ASEAN Economic
Community (AEC)
2015

ELMER K. TALAVERA, CESO III

Executive Director
National Institute for TESD (NITESD)
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
September 23, 2014
CEAP, Davao City

ASEAN: Association of SEA

Nations
Member
nations

Date

Indonesia,
August 8, 1967
Malaysia,
signing of the
Philippines,
ASEAN
Singapore, &
Declaration
Thailand
Brunei
July 7, 1984
Darussalam
Vietnam
July 28, 1995
Lao PDR,
July 23, 1997
Myanmar
2 1), Manila Bulletin,
Joel Yuvienco, ASEAN 101: Or how to be ready from a very personal lens (part
Cambodia September 8, 2014
April 30, 1999

Q: What is ASEAN
Community
A: ASEAN Vision 2020 outward
looking, living in peace, stability and
prosperity, bonded together in
partnership in dynamic environment
and in a community of caring
societies. (1997)

January 27, 2007 12th ASEAN

Summitstrong
commitment
to
accelerate the establishment of an
ASEAN
Economic
Community
by
Joel Yuvienco, ASEAN 101: Or how to be ready from a very personal lens (part 1), Manila Bulletin,
3

September 8, 2014

Q:

What is ASEAN
Community

A:

AEC composed of 3 pillars:

1. ASEAN Political Security Community

2. ASEAN Economic Community
3. ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community

Each pillar has its own Blueprint, and together with the
Initiative for the ASEAN integration (IAI), Strategic
Framework and IAI Work Plan Phase II (2009-2015),
they form the Roadmap for the ASEAN Community by
2015.

4 1), Manila Bulletin,

Joel Yuvienco, ASEAN 101: Or how to be ready from a very personal lens (part
September 8, 2014

Q:

What is ASEAN 2015 Readiness?

A:

readiness to meet the vision of:

a. single market and production base

b. a highly competitive economic region
c. a region of equitable economic
development, and
d. a region fully integrated into the
global economy

5 1), Manila Bulletin,

Joel Yuvienco, ASEAN 101: Or how to be ready from a very personal lens (part
September 8, 2014

. A World Economic Forum

(WEF) measure of global
economic readiness

Rank
(out of
148)

Value
(1-7)

Networked Readiness Index

(2014)

78

3.9

Networked Readiness Index 2013

(out of 144)

86

3.7

A. Environment subindex

90

3.8

1st pillar: Policies and regulatory

environment

87

3.5

2nd pillar: business and innovation

environment

92

4.0

B. Readiness subindex

81

4.6

3rd pillar: Infrastructure and digital

content

89

3.5

4th pillar: Affordability

75

5.2

5th pillar: Skills

69

5.1

C. Usage subindex

76

3.6

6th pillar: Individual usage

91

2.9

7th pillar: Business usage

43

3.9

8th pillar: Government usage

67

4.1

ASEAN
Networked
Readiness Index
2014
Singapore 2nd
Malaysia 30th
Brunei 45th
Indonesia 64th
Thailand 67th
Philippines 78th
Vietnam 84th
Cambodia 108th
Lao PDR 109th
Myanmar 146th

Joel Yuvienco,
ASEAN 101: Or how to be ready
personal lens (part 1), Manila Bulletin,
D. Impact
subindex
62from a very3.6
September 8, 2014

MVP on AEC readiness

The Ph government must now act to
prepare local industries, especially the
agriculture sector to compete in the
new economic regime. If tariffs go
down by the end of 2015 as mandated
by the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement,
then we have the ability to import sugar
that is much cheaper from Thailand, so

It will kill the

sugar industry. Will we let the
paano yun?

sugar industry to get slowly killed by

that kind of regime?

By making our sugar more

efficient, we can be
competitive, otherwise we
will be out of business

Will there be as a matter of

regulation, a requirement
to be accredited in the
ASEAN countries? There
lies the possibility of lack

Because
one particular
country, I would
imagine, will try
to protect its
own doctors and
nurses
of mobility.

DTI Sec. Domingo &

former NEDA DG Habito
As of January 2010, 99.6% of
all the products have already
been traded at zero-tariffs
among the ASEAN-6 members
Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Singapore, Philippines and
Thailand. This means that we
are almost there, and AEC is
not just coming in 2015, but is

If AEC will indeed

unleash a tsunami of
ASEAN products into the
Philippines, it should
have already happened
already here. Nothing
back in 2010. (former NEDA

earthshaking will
happen at the end
of 2015. (Domingo)

Chief Cielito Habito)

What others say

protecting the countrys
agricultural and financial
services sectors as well as the
labor sector would be necessary
for the implementation of AEC
by 2015. While some
businesses see the AEC as an

the
integration would
be more of a threat
to local firms.
opportunity,

I think that
the
Philippine
industries
are not ready
yet (Nestor Tan,
9

Sec. Baldoz on sugar

workers
To keep pace with the competition,
the government aims to increase
the efficiency and competitiveness
of the sugar industry. This can be
done not only through an

increase in
production but also
through the
enhancement of
productivity and
empowerment of the
sugar workers, small sugarcane
farmers, mill workers and other
workers in the sugar industry.

Part of the HRD plan includes

engaging small planters and
sugar workers in policy- and
decision-making;

development
and training of
sugar workers
through
capacity
building and
skills training.

DG Villanueva on
readiness
The agency
has laid the
groundwork to make the

tech-voc education
industry-driven and
competency-based
to allow flexibility
and adaptability of
its graduates to the
changing work
requirements. TESDA
continuously
enhanced its
partnerships with the
has

private sector, industries and

local government units to

Let us not rest everything on

fatalism and sa bahala
na. Let us move forward
knowing what needs to be

I believe
that our
qualityassured TVET
system is
done.

 AEC 2015

Key Messages

Free flow of goods, investment,

services, skilled labor, capital
Trade facilitation, harmonization,
standardization, conformance,
transport connectivity

FREE
FLOW
OF

Challenges, threats, opportunities

goods,
investme
nt,
services,
skilled
labor,
and
capital

Opportunities: FDI, market access, lower input costs,

lower transactions costs, better quality goods &
services at lower prices
Businesses & SMEs: participation in production networks
Strong competition: uncompetitive sectors

Government Strategy: enhance competitiveness

facilitate adjustment process to AEC
integration

Firm strategy based on global perspective

12
Rafaelita M.
Aldaba
|
27
August
2014
|
Tagaytay
International
Convention
Center
Industry upgrading
& restructuring: move
up the
value

Free Flow of Skilled Labor

Greater mobility of qualified service professionals in
the region by accepting common standards of
some professionals
Mutual recognition arrangements (MRAs)
Medical practitioners
Dental practitioners
Accountancy services
Engineering services
Nursing services
Architectural services
Surveying qualifications

Rafaelita M. Aldaba | 27 August 2014 | Tagaytay International Convention Center

Part 2. Potential Implications

Benefits & Opportunities
Market access opportunities for
Filipino firms to expand
600 million people
Investment liberalization, facilitation
Own 100% of companies in ASEAN
Own 70% of services companies
Access to capital markets
Equal treatment as local companies

Labor mobility: visa, economic test

Mutual Recognition Arrangements
Transport & logistics, trade facilitation
& conformance: lower transaction costs
Improved administrative processes
Easier/less costly movement goods
14
Rafaelita M. Aldaba | 27 August 2014 | Tagaytay International
Convention Center

Challenges & Threats

Intense competition
Bigger, more financial capability, better technical
products/service systems
May get support from home countries

How to manage short term adjustment

costs?
Winners: firms that gain from market expansion &
improved competitiveness, workers who get
employed in growing sectors, government to
collect higher revenue, consumers from wide
variety of goods & services at lower prices
Losers: inefficient, uncompetitive sectors

How to ensure SME survival chances?

Lack of access to finance, technology, skilled
labor, inability to comply with standards
Weak linkages to high tech sectors
15
Rafaelita M. Aldaba | 27 August 2014 | Tagaytay International
Convention Center

Strategic Actions: Manufacturing

ACTION AREAS

SME Development: Finance access,

compliance with product standards, Quality
testing, SSF, clusters
Innovation: industry-academe
linkages, R&D for new product
development, applied technology for
raw materials/products, incubation
Aggressive marketing & promotion to
attract investments
Horizontal issues: high cost of power &
domestic shipping, smuggling & streamline
& automateRafaelita
government
procedures
M. Aldaba | 27 August 2014 | Tagaytay International Convention16
Center

4. Final Thoughts
upgrade industries to take advantage of market opportunities

AEC: enabler ASEAN integration, facilitator of industrial

development
Industry Roadmaps: moving up the value chain,
productivity
Develop industrial base & technology upgrading
Deepen participation in regional production networks
Government as coordinator & facilitator
Interventions: productivity, skilled workers,
technology, regulations, infrastructure
Industry Roadmap for Region IV
TESDA: Tech-Voc Skills trainings, Cooperation
with DTI-BOI
Firm/Industry Level: Productivity &
Competitiveness
Strategy from a global perspective
Supply chain gaps: raw material, logistics
Product niches: know your consumer17
Rafaelita M. Aldaba | 27 August 2014 | Tagaytay International Convention Center

Mutual Recognition Arrangements

ASEAN

Agreement on MNP

Recognize education or experience obtained,

requirements met and licenses granted
Encourage to enter into cooperation/
arrangement/ agreement on recognition of
professional services qualification
requirements, procedures and licensing
procedures and requirements

18

GLENDA T. REYES | August 27, 2014

Free flow of services/free flow of

skilled labour
MRAs

on Professional Services

Facilitate mobility of professional services

Exchange information on best practices
Provide opportunities for capacity building and
cooperation
ASEAN

Qualifications References
Framework
a reference that will function as a device that will
enable comparison of qualification across ASEAN
Aims to enhance national qualification framework
or qualification systems while allowing comparison

19

GLENDA T. REYES | August 27, 2014

Rules in the Development

and Implementation of
the Positive List of
Occupations
(DRAFT)

20

DOLE BLE

Section 3. Purpose
1. Provide industries with greater access
to qualified workers in hard to fill
occupations
2. Serves as signal to employers, industry,
professional groups, education and training
institution to expand training /educational
opportunities in identified occupations.
3. Basis for policy formulation in the
deployment and/or entry of skilled workers
to promote brain gain
21

DOLE BLE

Section 4. Identification of Hard

to Fill Occupations for inclusion in
the list
Derived

from macro and micro

information through surveys and
administrative data
Validated

Updated

through consultation
with stakeholders

every 2 years or as the

need may arise
22

DOLE BLE

Section 5. Formulating & Updating

TECHNICALWORKING GROUP
Chairperson

Undersecretary for
EFMD Cluster

Members

BLE, PSA, POEA, TESDA

& PRC

Invitees

CHED, DepEd, Industry

Players

Secretariat

BLE

23

DOLE BLE

DOLE BLE
24

Consultation with stakeholders

demand & supply side of labor market
Validate, Compile, Endorse the List of
Occupation

d.
c.

Selection of Occupation

b.

Vacancy Database
Stocktaking & assessment of
data needs

a.

Procedures:

Criteria in identifying occupations

high

INFORMATION any two of the following

PLUS
longhigh
LEAD
TIME
high
USE
RISK

25

DOLE BLE

Section 7. Inclusion of declared

Critical Skills
Occupations

declared critical
based on the recommendation
of the DOLE Technical
Working Group on Mission
Critical shall be included in
the Positive List.
26

DOLE BLE

Positive List of Occupations

Architect

Chemical Engineer

Dentist

Fisheries Technologists

Geologists

Guidance Counselor

Librarian and Archivist

Naval Architect/ Marine

Engineer

Metallurgical Engineer

Medical Technologist

Librarian and Archivist

Metallurgical Engineer

Naval Architect/Marine
Engineer

Nutritionist/ Dietician

Metallurgical Engineer

Psychologist

27

DOLE BLE

Section 9. Implementation of
Labor Market Test
1. Publication
Foreign national : name,
nationality,
position and function;
Employer - name and address
2. Study, research or consultation
with stakeholders
28

DOLE BLE

Section 11. Human Resource

Development & Retention
Program
Employers hiring foreign nationals
under the PLO shall establish its
Human Resource Development
and Retention Program.
Each hired foreign national has to
train at least one understudy
based on existing laws and rules.
29

DOLE BLE

Section 12. Institutional Arrangement

Bureau of Local Employment

(BLE)

- focal agency
assisted by DOLE Regional
Offices, relevant agencies
and stakeholders. Monitor,
evaluate & submit
semestral report to the
Secretary

POEA

provides
updated
deployment data
of skilled workers.

TESDA, PRC, DOH,

MARINA, CHED &
NTC ensure availability
of administrative data

BLES ensures the availability

of macro
information/survey results
on HFO in collaboration with
Phil. Statistical System
member-agencies. BLES
Integrated Survey (BITS)
shall be regularly conducted
to provide macro data.

30

DOLE BLE

PHILIPPINE TECHNICAL
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND
TRAINING (TVET) IN THE
ASEAN ECONOMIC
COMMUNITY

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

31

Planning Office

MAKING OUR TVET SYSTEM COMPETITIVE

Market-driven

output (graduates of TVET)

- competent and adaptable workforce
- at par with changing demand of
technological and structural changes

Produces

competent and flexible workforce

- 21st century workforce technically
competent, innovative, creative, knowledgebased with higher order thinking skills,
pursuing lifelong learning opportunities and
possessing desirable work attitudes and values
32

Planning Office

TVET REFORMS / INITIATIVES

COMPETENCY-BASED

TRAINING

QUALITY

ASSURANCE

PHILIPPINE
SKILLS

EDUCATION AND

QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENTS

33

Planning Office

COMPETENCY-BASED TVET
Competencies

based on standards for knowledge

and skills requirements of a job as prescribed by
industry experts

Competency

standards as bases for the training

curriculum and the assessment of competencies for
certification

National

Certificates issued to those who have

demonstrated the competencies in an assessment.

It

is FLEXIBLE
34

Planning Office

COMPETENCY-BASED TVET

MANDATORY
REGISTRATION

TRAINING
REGULATIONS

MANDATORY
ASSESSMENT

TRAINING
STANDARDS

COMPETENCY
STANDARDS

COMPETENCY
ASSESSMENT

CURRICULUM
FACULTY
TOOLS/
EQUIPMENT
FACILITIES

HOW TO TEACH

KNOWLEDGE
SKILLS
ATTITUDE
INDUSTRY
STANDARDS

WHAT TO LEARN

ASSESSMENT
TOOLS
ASSESSORS
ASSESSMENT
CENTERS
HOW TO TEST

35

Planning Office

Training Regulations/Competency Standards Development

Developed in consultation with

industry and promulgated by the
TESDA Board
Benchmarked against industry
and international standards.
Contain the national
qualification, competency
standards, training standards,
and assessment and certification
arrangements
246 TRs from 16 priority sectors
as of 2013
36

Planning Office

TRAINING REGULATIONS and

PROGRAM REGISTRATION OUTPUTS
EO 2009

EO
2010

EO
2011

EO
2012

2013

Number of Training
Regulations (TRs)

207

222

226

238

246

Number of
Competency
Assessment Tools
(CATs)

202

217

221

233

236

Registered Programs
WTR
Registered Programs
NTR
Total Programs
Registered
(WTR+NTR)

15,349 16,966 17,698 17,702 18,603

2,998

3,079

2,607

2,289

2,277

18,347 20,045 20,305 19,991 20,880

37

Planning Office

QUALITY ASSURANCE
TESDA

is ISO 9001:2008 certified in the

regulatory programs (Program Registration and
Assessment and Certification)

Working

towards specific industry certification

welding standards, Hazard Analysis Critical Control
Points (HACCP), etc.

Tripartite

arrangements involving industry, labor

and government
38

Planning Office

UNIFIED TVET PROGRAM REGISTRATION &

ACCREDITATION SYSTEM (UTPRAS)

The

Unified TVET Program Registration and

Accreditation System (UTPRAS) is the quality
assurance mechanism for the mandatory
registration of technical-vocational programs with
TESDA

Registration

signifies compliance of the TVET

program with the minimum requirements set by
TESDA
39

Planning Office

A National
Certificate is issued
when a candidate
has demonstrated
competence in all
units of competency
that comprised a
Qualification

40

Planning Office

A Certificate of
Competency is
issued to
individuals who
have satisfactorily
demonstrated
competence on a
unit or cluster of
units of
competency

41

Planning Office

Assessment and Certification thru the Years

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

TOTAL

TOTAL NUMBER OF ASSESSED

836,131

716,220

835,572

968,535

1,055,576

4,412,034

TOTAL NUMBER OF CERTIFIED

690,836

594,323

703,360

830,458

936,007

3,754,984

CERTIFICATION RATE

82.62%

82.98%

84.18%

85.74%

88.67%

85.11%

Number of Assessed

785,067

639,096

758,777

905,590

1,014,227

4,102,757

Number of Certified

641,934

520,308

631,756

773,510

897,775

3,465,283

Certification Rate

81.77%

81.41%

83.26%

85.42%

88.52%

84.46%

Number of Qualifications Covered

139

149

148

153

157

Accredited Competency Assessors

2,665

2,274

3,408

7,622

5,468

Accredited Assessment Centers

1,676

1,173

2,120

2,158

3,235

Number of Assessed

51,064

77,124

76,795

62,945

29,858

297,786

Number of Certified

48,902

74,015

71,604

56,948

27,684

279,153

Certification Rate

95.77%

95.97%

93.24%

90.47%

92.72%

93.74%

Number of Institutions with

Registered STCW Qualifications

10

10

Number of Registered Programs for

STCW Qualifications

25

25

LAND-BASED (Regular)

RATINGS (Deck and Engine)

42

Planning Office

PHILIPPINE QUALIFICATIONS
FRAMEWORK
The Philippine Qualifications Framework (PQF)
is the national policy that defines the levels of
educational qualifications and sets the standards for
qualification outcomes within Philippine Education
System.
EO

No. 83 - Institutionalization of the Philippine

Qualifications Framework

43

Planning Office

THE PHL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

WAGE EMPLOYMENT/ENTREPRENEURSHIP/SELF-EMPLOYMENT

LEVEL

BASIC
EDUCATI
ON

TECHNICAL
EDUCATION AND
SKILLS
DEVELOPMENT

HIGHER
EDUCATION

L7
L7

DOCTORAL AND
POST DOCTORAL
POST
POST
BACCALAUREATE
BACCALAUREATE

L6
L6

BACCALAUREATE
BACCALAUREATE
BACCALAUREATE

L8
L8

L5
L5

DIPLOMA
DIPLOMA

L4
L4

NC
NC
IV
NC
IV
IV
NC
NC III
III

L3
L3
L2
L2

GRADE 12

NC
NC IIII

L1
L1

GRADE 10

NC
NC II
LIFELONG LEARNING
RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING
EQUIVALENCY
ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

Industry needs

Qualification Levels

Descriptors

Need for global

recognition of
competencies

Current qualifications
issues at all levels

Registers

Philippine

Working Groups

Framework

Pathways &
Equivalencies

Qualifications
Qualifications issues
in recognition of prior
learning

Quality Assurance
Research and policy
papers on NQF

Information &
Guidelines

NQFs of other
countries

International
Alignment
Consultation and Advocacy
With Stakeholders
45

Planning Office

The TESDA - TVET Delivery Network

Institution-based

Enterprise-based

Community-based

Schools

Training Centers

TESDA Schools
Private Tech-voc

Schools
Other Institutions
(HEIs, DepEd)

TESDA Regional
Training Centers
TESDA Provincial
Training Centers
Specialized Centers

Industry Training Centers

Workplace-based Training
Programs
Dual Training Programs

Trained
and
Certified
Workforce

Community Training and Employment

Centers
NGOs/Peoples Organizations
Local Government Units
Government Agency Projects

46

Planning Office

TVET SECTOR TRAINING DELIVERY

Delivery Mode
Enrolment

2009

2010

2011

1,984,646 1,568,617 1,572,131

2012

2013

1,804,742

1,943,58
9

Institution-based

910,657

881,625

875,848

1,041,960

Enterprise-based

127,708

66,632

80,309

90,707

77,518

Community-based

946,281

620,720

615,974

672,075

826,381

1,903,793

1,344,371

1,332,751

1,600,658

1,765,75
7

Institution-based

873,558

690,709

679,306

856,544

896,580

Enterprise-based

122,505

54,131

72,082

80,370

68,659

907,730

599,531

581,363

663,744

800,518

Graduates

Community-based

1,039,690

47

Planning Office

SKILLS RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENTS

Participation

in the ASEAN Qualifications

Referencing Framework project

ASEAN

Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRA)

for Tourism Professionals

ASEAN

Constructors Federation

ACF Standards Trades Skills Training

Program

ASEAN

Skills Competition (ASC)

48

Planning Office

you may visit us at our website:

www.tesda.gov.ph

Thank
you.

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority