FLOW CHART OF INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSING

INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
CLASS : XI
SEMESTER : 3

Process Flowchart
To avoid the complexity of the issue,
then a system sometimes made simple
(simple).
This is often done in the field
engineering, one description change in
the form of pictures or diagrams.

 In addition to more easily understood,

the form of diagrams or symbols in
the form of speed will see someone in
a process.
One type of diagram is a simple form
of the diagram (block diagram),
where the in-box from the box there
is information that describe the
functions, types of equipment, or
operating conditions.
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 The process of salt begins with the

pumping sea water to a sloping
embankment during the dry season.
Flux is set so that the crystallization
process occurs at the corner of the
plot of a high embankment.
From this pond transportable crystal
to crystal factory where this
crystallization again, purtied, mixed
with iodine (if necessary) and then
printed.

NaCl Production Flowchart

Salt processing from sea water

Making sugar cane

Figure below is a diagram
blocks, namely the process of
making sugar from sugar
cane.
At the beginning of the
process raw materials such
as sugar cane have a sugar
composition of 16% water
and 25% pulp (pulp) 59%
weight.

The sugar cane is the raw

material is inserted in the
grinding tool in which the integral
will baggage with sugar and
water with some pulp.
Baggage is a waste of sugar cane,
which already does not contain
sugar, and baggage this is a raw
material for paper mills or can
also be used as fuel.

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Sugar cane process

Process flow diagram

In addition to the form of a cake
diagram, the more commonly used in
the factory with a flow chart
processes (process flow diagrams,
abbreviated PFD).
The diagram of this system describes
the process of a detailed comparison
chart of beam.

Identification of starting from

the beginning of the process,
which can be either raw
materials or the insertion of
material between, where the
materials can be a product of the
unit (section) from the factory.

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The identification of each flow are

marked with the number flow,
where each flow includes
operating conditions (temperature
and pressure) and also balance the
mass of each component that is
usually displayed in the form of a
table at the bottom of the flow
chart process
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The symbol of the equipment

and its operation
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group

A: Cable Tool
B: Gas Tool - Solid
C: Crusher, Mill, Grinder
D: The Tank (Process vessel)
E: Heat Tool trade
F: Tool storage
G: Transference Gas (Gas Mover)
H: separator (separator)
A: conveyor
L: Pump
R: Reactor

Group A: Utility Tool

Equipment in the group A, the
equipment that is used in many units
utility factory equipment, or at the
utility.
For one unit (unit) does not mean
that only consists of one tool, but
can consist of several instruments.
1. Stack or chimney
2. Incenerator
3. Cooling Tower

Air Utility

Electric Utility

Waste water utility

Utility of process water treatment

Incenerator

Cooling Tower

Group B: Tools Gas - Solid

Equipment on group B, is a unit of
equipment that perform operations
related to the gas and solid
materials, such as drying grain
solids using the air heater, dry
media, as shown in the pictures
below.
Tunnel
Rotary
Vertical tower

Tunnel

Rotary

Vertical Tower

Group C: Crusher, Mill,

Grinder
Equipment in these groups,
are primarily of equipment
used to minimize the size of
the solid phase material.
Process the size of solids with
the ball in the tank and the
rotary

Solid material that will be

destroyed, the entrance of the
coil rotates
Material was destroyed using a
hammer (hammer), which
rotates
1. Ball Mill
2. Roll Crusher
3. Hammer Crusher
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Ball Mill

Roll Crusher

Hammer Crusher

Group D: Process vessel

1. Equipment in this group, is the
equipment for separating or
purification process which is used in
many industrial chemicals.
Tray Column

Packed Tower

Spray Tower

Bubble Tower

Flash distillation

Tray Column

Packed Tower

Spray Tower

Bubble Tower

Flash Distillation

Group E: Heat Exchanger

Shell-Tube Heat ExchangerCounter Current
Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger CoCurrent - parallel flow
Hot Tool change type tube cover,
with: a. flow of 1.1 (shell, tube); b.
current 1.2 (shell, tube)
Reboiler Kettle - Kettle

Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger- Counter

Current

Shell-Tube Heat Exchanger

Reboiler

Group F: Tool storage

Gas container (Gas Holder)
Tank storage with a fixed roof
(fixed roof) shaped conical
Floating roof
Open yard
Tank pressure cylinder flat

Conical fixed roof hoper

Floating roof hoper

Hoper yard

Vertical pressure cylindrical

tanks

Horizontal pressure cylindrical

tanks

Group G: Gas Mover

Centrifugal Fan
Axial Fan
Compressors

Centrifugal Fan

Axial fan

Compressor

Group H: separator
Cyclone
Centrifuge
Decanter
The process of continuous
filtering
The process of filtering is not
continuous (Plate & Frame)
Filters

Filter

Cyclone

Centrifuge

Decanter

Continues filtration process

Batch filtration process

(plate & frame)

Group J: Conveyor

Bucket Elevator
Belt conveyor
Screw conveyor

Bucket elevator

Belt conveyor

Screw conveyor

Group L: Pump
Air Unit (Air plant)
Rotary Pump (Positive
displacement)
Reciprocating pump
Axial Flow Pump

Air unit (pump)

Rotary pump

Reciprocating pump

Axial Flow Pump

Group R: Reactor
Continuous Stirred Tank
reactor
Batch reactor
Fixed Bed reactor
Fluidized bed reactor

Continous Stirred Tank

Reactor

Batch reactor

Fixed Bed Reactor

Fluidized Bed Reactor

Steam generator process unit

flow chart

Rules of the flow diagram

Rules in the system of numbers on the diagram
flow process, using the example in the diagram
flow process of the steam power unit below:

Rules of the flow diagram

1. Each tool starting from the letter code
which is a group of equipment
2. Number in each location (area) process
starting from 100, 200, 300 and so on.
3. Number of the main process equipment
starting from the one on the second
digit

4. Number of supporters of an
instrument be on the third digit.
5. At the bottom of the diagram flow
process, usually a table of the
balance of the system.

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IDENTIFICATION PROCESS AND UNIT

OPERATION ON CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Processes and Unit Operations Unit is the
core of the Chemical Industry, as a process or
operation on this very economical or not to
specify a process.
Operating Unit is part of the system's
process, in which the part is more emphasis
on changes that are more physic, while the
emphasis on the process of chemical changes.

 One of the system need to be in the

process is continuous process and the
process is not continuous.
The process is not continuous (batch)
or called batch system is a process in
which during the process have not
entered (input) and output (output).

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Batch and Continue Process

One of the system need to be in
the process is continuous
process and the process is not
continuous.
The process is not continuous
(batch) or called batch system is
a process in which during the
process have not entered (input)
and output (output).

Overview of cellulosic ethanol

production

Biodiesel Production

Ecocement- cement from

waste

Biodiesel

Ethanol production

Cement manufacturing
process

Steel Production Flow Chart

Sugar processing

Sugar flowchart

Sugar cane flowchart

Biomass flowchart

Milk production

Food industry

Fertilizer

Soda industry

Water bottling machine

Vehicle fuel system flowchart

LNG Flowchart

Crude oil refining