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Construction of a Traditional

Mongol Ger

The ger is perfectly adapted to the


Mongol nomad lifestyle.

The ger has been in use for


centuries with little change in basic
design.
It is covered by two layers of felt in
the winter, one in the summer. This
keeps it very warm in the winter
and cool in the summer.
A metal stove in the middle allows
for heating and cooking.
The door always faces south,
toward the course of the sun.
A group of four or five experienced
men can have it assembled in less
than two hours, and broken down
and loaded in well under that time.
A typical ger is about 15 feet across
and can be purchased for well
under $1,000 USD.

Step 1. Finding a spot


The ger must be built on a flat place, usually in an open space in the summer
and to the south of a forest or a mountain in the winter.

Step 2. Laying the floor


Most gers are built directly on the ground with a bare earth floor in the summer
and cardboard, canvas and rugs in the winter. Some have wooden floors.

Step 3. Raising the wall


The wall is a collapsible structure that packs and travels easily, but is strong,
resistant and easy to repair.

Step 4. Assemble the Center Support


The tn, the round wheel at the center of the roof, is tied to two poles that hold
up the roof.

Step 5. Attach the door


The door ties to the walls at the front of the ger. Tradition dictates that one
never steps on the threshold of the door on entering.

Step 6. Starting the roof


The tn is positioned and the radial poles are attached to the roof.

Step 6. Positioning the radials in the tn


The radial poles slip into holes around the circumference of the tn

Step 6. and the walls


and are tied to the top of the wall. The tension between the two holds it
together.

Step 7. The frame is finished


The frame is amazingly sturdy, holding up to rain, wind and even people
crawling along on top.

Step 8. Reinforce the walls with strapping.


Strapping is tied tightly around the walls and to the door frame to help it stay
rigid.

Step 9. The cloth inner liner is placed.


The inner cloth liner makes the inside of the ger look nice and keeps out dust
and lint from the felt.

Step 10. Felt is draped over the frame.


The felt keeps the ger cool in the summer and warm in the winter. It is made
from natural sheeps wool.

Step 11. Canvas covers the felt.


Canvas helps make the ger a little more water proof and protects the wool felt.

Step 12. Plastic sheeting for summer rains.


The plastic sheeting keeps the ger dry during summer rains, but is not used in
the winter time. Winter snow and the need for the ger to breath make is
unnecessary.

Step 13. Outer cover and outer strapping.


The outer cover is of a thick white cotton muslin. The ger is tied around with two
or three straps to keep it rigid. It may be tied on the sides by stakes or heavy
weights.

Good morning!

The vent pipe of the stove comes out through one of the front sections
of the tn. The front half of the tn is usually left open during the day
to let smoke, steam and heat out. A square of canvas called the rx is
tied sides and back and can be pulled forward to cover the tn at
night.

This photo was taken from the front door of the ger. You can see the stove in
front of the two supporting poles. The beds lie around the edge of the ger, as
well as chests and trunks for blankets and clothes. Drying meat is hung across
the ger. Cooking pots are just to the side of the stove, and a table and stools
are behind the stove.

Every family ger is laid out according to a traditional patter. Variations


such as how many bed or the placement of cabinets may vary, but the
essentials are most always the same.

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