Unit IX: Purifier and Oil

Treatment
Report Prepared by: Group 2
Pascual, Jerome
Navarra, Joshua,
Flores, Bryle Ericson
Paraboles, Ralph
Parale, Jeffrey Kyro
Patalinghog, Reymond

A. Purification vs
Clarification
ILO:
To

define what is Purification and

Clarification
What is the Difference between
the two?
What is the importance?

A. Purification vs
Clarification

Purification
Vocabulary:

n.
means the act of cleaning by
getting rid of
impurities.Purificationis the
removal of impure elements from
something.
Ex.
Afterpurification, water is safe
to drink.

Purification
Purification

in a chemical context
is the physical separation of a
chemical substance of interest
from foreign
orcontaminatingsubstances.
There are several types of
Purification such as:
- Filtration
- Water Purification
- Centrifugation- Gravity
Separation
- Evaporation

Mitsubishi Purifier

Clarification
Vocabulary:

v.

toremovesolidmatterfrom(aliq
uid);tomakeintoaclearorpellu
cid liquid.
Process

of removing solid
materials in a certain chemical,
liquid or substance. Particularly in
the process of Sedimentation.

What is Sedimentation? Its

relation to Clarification?
Vocabulary:

n.
the natural process in which
material (such as stones and
sand) is carried to the bottom of
a body of water and forms a solid
layer.
a physicalwater
treatmentprocess
usinggravityto
removesuspendedsolids from
water.

Difference?
Purifiers

/ Purification
removes impurities or removes
chemical substance from another
substance
Clarifiers / Clarification
removes solid materials,
sediments from a substance

Sedimentation

Parts of Purifier
Model: MITSUBISHI SJ-3000

Separation Disk

Bowl Hood

Disk Compression Plate

Gravity Disk

O-ring

Top Disk

Inlet Pipe

Bowl Nut

Sliding Bowl

Light Liquid Chamber

Upper Impeller

Lower Impeller

Heavy Liquid Chamber

Lifting Tool

Sludge Trap

Main Bowl Body

THE IMPORTANCE OF PURIFIER

AND CLARIFIER
Purifier

and Clarifier importance

- Maintenance

Avoid Oil Mix Up

Oil

mix up is one of the most common

lubrication problems contributing to machinery
failure. Putting
the right lubricating oil in the equipment is one
of the simplest tasks
to improve equipment reliability. Checking the
viscosity, brand and
grade of incoming new oil, and checking any
contamination of alien
fluids help reduce the chances of oil mix up and
keeps the machine
operating.

monitoring

and maintaining
lubricant viscosity within
specification is critical to ensure
mechanical components are well
lubricated.

Contamination Control
Solid

contamination (sand and dirt) accelerates the

generation
of abrasive wear. Liquid contamination such as
moisture in oil
accelerates machine corrosion. Fuel or coolant dilution
in engine oil
will decrease the viscosity therefore generating more
adhesive wear
(rubbing wear). It is critical to keep the lubricating oil
clean and dry
all the time. This requires that you set cleanliness
limits and continue
monitoring the contamination during the machine
operation.

Cleaning
Not

every unit requires

replacement; sometimes they
only need a good cleaning. Again,
keep a regular monitoring
schedule of your unit and if
needed, follow manufactures
guidelines to clean your filter
system.

Testing
Sometimes,

even if the display

shows a problem and youve
cleaned the unit, testing of the
unit might tell you if something is
going on. For some filters, you
can test it yourself, while others
may require a professional to
come in.

Replacement
There

comes a time when no

matter how times you clean or
replace parts, the unit needs
replacement. When it comes time
to replace your filter, ensure you
go through the manufactures
recommended guidelines for
replacing the unit. If you need
assistance, ask a professional to
ensure the unit is replaced
properly.

Clarifier Importance
MAINTENANCE

Cleaning
If

you have a clarifier, you must

keep a regular maintenance
schedule or else risk the
consequences of a dirty clarifier.
Here are a few reasons why
cleanings are so important.

Ensuring Public Wellbeing:

The

wastewater from your

business should be as clean as
possible before entering the
municipal water supply.

Avoiding Fines:
If

a regulatory company finds out

that your dirty clarifier is
polluting the water, you will be
stuck with a significant fine. This
can also have a big impact on
your reputation.

Preventing Costly Repairs:

If

you allow your clarifier to go

dirty for too long, it may suffer
serious damage. Regular cleaning
can delay the need for costly
repairs or replacement.

Sludge Removal System:

once

gravity brings sludge to the

bottom of the clarifier tank, the
sludge must be removed. Regular
inspections and cleanings can
help ensure that the sludge
removal system is fully
operational.

Effluent System:
The

effluent system comprises

the main portion of your clarifier.
It's important to regularly clean
the effluent system with a brush
to ensure that the contamination
removal process goes smoothly.

Drive Unit:
The

clarifier drive unit is

responsible for powering your
clarifier, and must be kept clean
in order to operate efficiently. It's
also important to watch out for
rust.

B. Purification versus
Filtration versus
Gravity Separation

B. Purification versus Filtration

versus Gravity Separation
ILO:

To explain what are Filters

To explain Purification using
Centrifugal Force
To explain the Gravity Separation

1. Filters
What

is Filter?
Filter is a fine mesh screen which is used to
remove impurities from oil, water and air on
ship. Filters are mounted in pairs as a duplex
system so that one can be used and other is
kept on stand by at a time. Filter can be
used both in low pressure (suction) and
discharge (high pressure) side of the system
and is used to remove the smallest part of
dirt which is carried away in the system.

Type of Filters Used on Ship

Type of filters
1)

Hydraulic Filter: Hydraulic filters are

very useful for removing solid
contamination from lube and fuel oil
systems of marine machinery. Without
filters in the lube or fuel oil system, the
machinery internal parts, bearings,
piston,rings,liners etc. can get
damaged, which will result in inefficient
working of the machinery. Different
applications of hydraulic filters are:

a)

Fine Mesh Screen Filter

b) Magnetic filter

c) Auto Back Wash Filter

d) Centrifugal filter

e)

Manual clean filter

2. Purification using
Centrifugal Force
The

purifying process

The centrifugal separation of two

liquids, such as oil and water,
results in the formation of a
cylindrical interface between the
two. The positioning of this
interface within the centrifuge is
very important for correct
operation.

2. Purification using Centrifugal

Force
The

setting or positioning of the

interface is achieved by the use
of dam rings or gravity discs at
the outlet of the centrifuge.
Various diameter rings are
available for each machine when
different densities of oil are used.
As a general rule, the largest
diameter ring which does not
break the 'seal' should be used.

2. Purification using Centrifugal

Force
A

set of gravity discs is supplied

with each machine and the
optimum size to be fitted
depends on the density of the
untreated oil. When the fuel
centrifuge is operating,
particulate matter will
accumulate on the walls of the
bowl.

Video Presentations

Video Presentations

3. Gravity Separation
Gravity

separation is an industrial method of separating two

components, either a suspension, or dry granular mixture
where separating the components with gravity is sufficiently
practical: i.e. the components of the mixture have different
specific weight.
Oily water separators (OWS) for separating oil from the bilge
water accumulated in ships as required by the international
MARPOL Convention.
Oil and water separators are commonly used in electrical
substations. The transformers found in substations use a
substantial quantity of oil for cooling purposes. Moats are
constructed surrounding unenclosed substations to catch any
leaked oil, but these will also catch rainwater. Oil and water
separators provide a quick and easy cleanup of an oil leak.

3. Gravity Separation
Parallel

plate separators are similar to API separators

but they include tilted parallel plate assemblies (also
known as parallel packs). The underside of each
parallel plate provides more surface for suspended
oil droplets to coalesce into larger globules. Any
sediment slides down the topside of each parallel
plate. Such separators still depend upon the specific
gravity between the suspended oil and the water.
However, the parallel plates enhance the degree of
oil-water separation. The result is that a parallel plate
separator requires significantly less space than a
conventional API separator to achieve the same
degree of separation.

C. Filters

C. Filters
ILO:
To

know what is Mesh elements

To know what is Magnetic
Elements
To know what is Fibre Assembly

1. Mesh Filters
Filter

- It is a fine mesh screen which is

used to remove impurities from
oil, water and air on ship. Filters
are mounted in pairs as a duplex
system so that one can be used
and other is kept on stand by at a
time.

Fine Mesh Filter

It

is the most commonly used

filter in lube and fuel oil systems
on board. It can be used both on
suction and discharge side of the
system.
It is normally used in cylinder
lube oil line, main engine
andauxiliary enginefuel oil line
& diesel oil line,boilerfuel oil line
and in different lube oil systems
on board.

The Features of Oil Mesh filter

Element
It

has a good capacities such as

the corrosion resistance, and
good liquid permeability.
Oil mesh filter element is easy to
back wash ,high filter rating.

2. Magnetic Elements
Magnetic

filters use a
permanentmagnetor
anelectromagnetto capture
ferromagneticparticles. An
advantage of magnetic filtration
is that maintaining the filter
simply requires cleaning the
particles from the surface of the
magnet.

How do Magnetic Filters

Work?
While

a large number of
configurations exist, most
magnetic filters work by
producing a magnetic field or
loading zones that collect
magnetic iron and steel particles.
Magnets are geometrically
arranged to form a magnetic field
having a non uniform flux density
(flux density is also referred to as
magnetic strength)

Magnetic filter showing pattern of

distribution and the collected dirt.

Magnetic Plug
The

most basic type of

magnetic filter is a drain
plug (Figure 2), where a
magnet in the shape of
a disc or cylinder is
attached to its inside
surface (typically by
adhesion). Periodically,
the magnetic plug
(mag-plug) is removed
and inspected for
ferromagnetic particles,
which are then wiped
from the plug.

Rod Magnets
While

magnetic
plugs are
inserted into the
oil below the oil
level (for
example, drain
port), rod
magnets may
extend down
from reservoir
tops .

3. Fiber Assembly
Ceramic

Fibers and Cartridges

Filter cartridges for filtering of diesel particulates can

be assembled using high-temperature continuous
ceramic fibers. A number of such fibers, typically
polycrystalline metal oxide fibers made from alumina
and silica, have been developed for textiles used in
high temperature operating environments. Typical
applications include insulation for thermocouple
wires, belts for high temperature furnaces, filter bags
for hot gas filtration, components of space shuttle
tiles, and flame curtains. Traditional fiber materials
include leached silica, fused silica, asbestos or glass.
In general, these fibers are characterized by high
strength, high rigidity, low coefficients of thermal
conductivity and expansion, and large active surface
area.

3. Fiber Assembly
The

fibers have a virtually round cross-section and

their surface is extremely smooth and uniform. In filter
applications, the adhesion of filtered particles to the
fibers can be greatly enhanced through special
treatment to increase the surface roughness and the
active surface, such as leaching of the fibers. A
special texturization process has been developed for
the manufacturing of the Nextel 312 fibers used for
diesel filtrationIn the process, the raw fiber bundles
are separated and the individual fibers are spread in a
controlled manner. Spreading and separation
produces expanded material with a number of 10-12
micron continuous fibers. The degree of expansion can
be controlled, which allows to manufacture consistent
material.

End of Report
Thank You For Listening

Quiz
1-10.

GIVE ATLEAST 10 PARTS OF

THE PURIFIER

Answers

References

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/purification

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_purification_

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/clarification

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentation_(water_treatment)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarifier

http://www.marinediesels.info/2_stroke_engine_parts/Other_info/purifiers.htm

https://www.dieselnet.com/tech/dpf_fiber.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_filter

https://
www.google.com.ph/search?q=gravity+separation+example&espv=2&biw=1440&bih
=755&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAWoVChMIieHLxf6dxwIVx6OICh36J
QbT#imgrc=Unb8krUvu2uhoM%3A
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/wrd-ot-clarifiers_445261_7.ppt

http://www.a1tank.net/services/clarifier-cleaning.aspx

http://www.marineinsight.com/sports-luxury/equipment/filters-and-strainers-types-and-uses-on-ship/

- Google Images

http://www.marineinsight.com/sports-luxury/equipment/filters-and-strainers-types-and-uses-on-shi
p
/

www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/794/magnetic-filtration

www.mpimagnet.com/magnetic-filtration.html

www.eclipsemagnetics.com/row/filtration-systems

www.eclipsemagnetics.com/media/.../magnetic_filtration_brochure.pdf