Hazard Communication

and Chemical Safety

What is Hazard
Communication?
Hazards and dangers should be
made known to all personnel
involved.
Right-to-know Law by OSHA
Use of symbols, warnings and written
documentation to alert personnel.
NFPA Diamond, Pictograms, MSDS

Pictograms
HEALTH
HAZARD

FLAME
OVER
CIRCLE

GAS
CYLINDER

FLAME

CORROSION

ENVIRONMEN
T

EXCLAMATION
MARK

EXPLODING
BOMB

SKULL
&
CROSSBONES

The final rule requires containers shipped six months after the
information is available to be labeled correctly.

Flame over Circle

Oxidizers

Flame

Flammables
Pyrophorics
Self-Heating
Emits Flammable Gas
Self-Reactives
Organic Peroxides
5

Exploding Bomb

Explosives
Self-Reactives
Organic Peroxides

Skull and Crossbones

Acute Toxicity (fatal

or toxic)

Health Hazard

Carcinogen
Mutagenicity
Reproductive Toxicity
Respiratory Sensitizer
Target Organ Toxicity
Aspiration Toxicity
8

Environment

Aquatic Toxicity
(Non-Mandatory)

Exclamation Mark
Irritant (skin and
eye)
Skin Sensitizer
Acute Toxicity
Narcotic Effects
Respiratory Tract
Irritant
Hazardous to

10

Labels NFPA
Diamond
RED
RED

--

BLUE
BLUE

Health
-- Health

Flammability
Flammability

YELLOW - YELLOW
Reactivity
Reactivity

WHITE
WHITE

Special
-- Special

{NFPA National Fire Protection Association}

Labels - Health
Hazard
What the numbers

show
0
1
2
3
4

=
=
=
=
=

No hazard
Slight hazard
Dangerous
Extreme danger
Deadly

Labels Flammability
What the numbers show

0 = Will not burn

1 = Ignites above 200
degrees F
2 = Ignites below 200
degrees F
3 = Ignites below 100
degrees F
4 = Ignites below 73
Based on Flash Point {the temperature at which a material
degrees
F to sustain ignition}
gives
off enough vapors

Labels Flammability
What the numbers show

0 = Will not burn

1 = Ignites above 200
degrees F
2 = Ignites below 200
degrees F
3 = Ignites below 100
degrees F
4 = Ignites below 73
Based on Flash Point {the temperature at which a material
degrees
F to sustain ignition}
gives
off enough vapors

Labels - Reactivity
What the numbers

show
0
1
2
3
4

=
=
=
=
=

Stable
Normally Stable
Unstable
Explosive
May detonate

Labels - Special
Hazard
What the letters show

OX = Oxidizer
ACID = Acid
ALK = Alkali
COR= Corrosive
W = Use No Water
= Radioactive

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

are one of the most important tools
available to employers
for providing information, and protection
to workers from hazardous chemicals
which are used in the workplace.
Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS)

1910.1200 (g)(2) MSDS,

required information
Identity of the chemical
Physical and chemical
characteristics
Physical hazards
Chemical hazards
Primary routes of entry
PELs or other exposure limits
Control measures
Emergency procedures

Whether the hazardous

chemical is listed in the
National Toxicology Program
(NTP) Annual Report on
Carcinogens
precautions for safe handling
and use
Date of preparation
Name, address and telephone
of the manufacturer

Target
Organ
Effects

Hepatotoxins
Chemicals which produce liver damage
Signs and Symptoms: Jaundice, liver
enlargement
Chemicals: Carbon Tetrachloride, nitrosamines

Nephrotoxins
Chemicals which produce
kidney damage
Signs and Symptoms:
Edema
Chemicals: Halogenated
Hydrocarbons, uranium

Agents which damage the lungs

Chemicals which
damage pulmonary
tissue
Signs and Symptoms:
Cough, tightness in the
chest, loss of breath
Chemicals: Asbestos,
silica

Reproductive toxins

Chemicals which damage

reproductive capabilities
Includes chromosomal
damage (mutations) and
damage to fetuses
(teratogenesis)
Signs and Symptoms:
Birth defects, sterility
Chemicals: Lead

Cutaneous hazards
Chemicals which effect the

dermal layer of the body

Signs and Symptoms:

Defatting of the skin,

rashes, irritation
Chemicals: Ketones,

chlorinated compounds

Eye hazards
Chemicals which affect the eye or visual
capacity
Signs and symptoms: Conjunctivitis, corneal
damage, blurred vision, burning or irritation
Chemicals: Solvents, corrosives

First Aid for Chemical

Exposure

Ingestion
Inhalation
Skin Contact
Eye Contact
Burns

9/3/15

Industrial Safety Lecture Three

26

Emergency Procedures
Chemical Spills (Appendix A CHP)

Evacuate and call Public Safety at

911 for larger spill (>5-gallons)
situations
Treat life threatening injuries
immediately
Contain the spill - read MSDS
Wear protective equipment
during clean-up
Best response is preparation

Emergency Procedures
Personal Contamination
Flush contaminated
area with water
Remove
contaminated
clothing
Rinse with water for
15 minutes
Seek medical
attention if irritation
persists

Emergency Procedures
Chemical in the Eye(s)

Flush eyeballs
and inner eyelids
Forcibly hold eyes
open
Irrigate for at
least 15 minutes
Seek medical
attention
immediately