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E-mail: vkvijay@rdat.iitd.ernet.in
Introduction
Biogas is an important renewable energy resource for rural areas in
India.
It is produced by anaerobic digestion of biological wastes.
It is an environment friendly, clean, cheap and versatile fuel.
Biogas generally comprise of 55-65 % methane, 35-45 % carbon
dioxide, 0.5-1.0 % hydrogen sulfide and traces of water vapour.
Average calorific value of biogas is 20 MJ/m3 (4713 kcal/ m3).
21 times
18%(approx.)
70.5375 tonne
Rs.75 lakh
Biogas Programmes
New Initiative for Technology Demonstration:
CFA (2-4 m3
Plant) (Rs.)
14,700/-
2. Notified hilly
areas, J&K and Plain
areas of Assam
10,000/-
8,000/-
CFA (1 m3 Plant)
(Rs.)
14,700/9,000/-
4. Support for
Training courses
2000 67,500/-
Rs.1500/-
4,000/-
11
20 Nos.(567.50 kW)
About 1.16 MW
12
Biogas plant
capacity
25 cu. m to 85 cu.m
Rs.40,000 per kW
>20 kW to 100 kW
Any combination of
above plants or
alternate
capacity /design
Rs.35,000 per kW
>100 kW to 250 kW
Any combination of
above plants or
alternate capacity /
design
Rs.30,000 per kW
3 -20 kW
09/16/15
13
14
3.
Contd.
16
Percentage of
Project Cost
50%
30%
20%
Biogas Plant
not
fully
utilized
and
Method
Advantages
Disadvantages
Absorption in
Water
2.
Absorption by
Chemicals
3.
Pressure
Swing
Adsorption
4.
Membrane
Separation
5.
Cryogenic
Separation
6.
Chemical
Conversion
1.
its
System Operation
Raw biogas is compressed up to 1.0 MPa pressure
to enhance solubility of CO2 in water.
Pressurized biogas is sent into bottom section of
the scrubber.
Packing material is used to enhance the contact
time (interfacial area) between gas and water.
Pressurized water is sprayed from top to absorb the
CO2 from pressurized biogas.
Gas Storage
Pressure Vessel
Water Tank
Water
Pump
Flow Meter
Biogas
Scrubber
Dissolved
CO2 in Water
Enriched Biogas
Gas Storage
Pressure Vessel
Moisture Filters
Pressure Reducers
11-Safety valve
12-Water sprayer
13-Flange
14-View glass
15-Water outlet
16-Water pump
17-Gas filter
18-Pressure reducer
19-Three stage gas compressor
20-CNG Cylinder
NOT TO SCALE
11
12
13
14
10
20
9
17
8
5
2
19
16
4
15
18
kitchen
waste
biogas
plant
for
Conclusions
India has second largest biogas programme in the
world at rural and as well as urban levels.
Many technologies/models have been successfully
developed in India for biogas programme.
There is need to develop a sustainable renewable
energy programme on biogas for replacing petroleum
products by utilization of biogas in the country.
This will help in green energy technology and
reducing green house gases emissions.
Biogas flame
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