DONATE YOUR EYE LIVE AFTER DIE

Dr.G.Venkanna - PG Scholar,
Guided By
Dr.T.Praveen Kumar - Professor
PG Dept of Shalakya,
Dr.BRKR Govt Ayurvedic College/Hospital
Hyderabad.

INTRODUCTION

In all our systems of medicines eyes have been given

importance stating that

SARVENDRIYANAM NAYANAM PRADANAM

Magnitude of problem in India

Out of 39 million blind population of world,

1/4th of the worlds blind is in India.

1.5 millon Indians have Corneal Blindness.
Increasing at the rate of 30000 every year.
On average 1lakh corneas are needed in India
every year.
Only 15000 usable corneas are collected by
NPCB.

Why is corneal transplantation needed ?

Cornea dont proliferate as they are arrested in

the G1 phase of the cell cycle, therefore dead

endothelial cells are not replaced by the mitiosis.
The endothelial integrity is maintained by
neighbouring cells.
With increasing age there is decrease in integrity.
In normal eyes sufficient reserves of endothelial
are present to maintain transparency.

Cont
Disease or injury can lead to decrease in

Endothelial Cell Density (ECD) leading to

stromal oedema & loss of transparency.

No substitutes have been developed for

cornea.

Causes for Corneal Opaque

Congenital / Hereditary
Infections
Injuries
Malnutrition
Latrogenic ( malpratice , improper post op

care)

What is Corneal Transplantation

Also known as CORNEAL GRAFTING, is a

surgical procedure where the damaged or diseased
cornea is replaced by donated corneal tissue, in
totally (PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY) or
some part (LAMELLAR KERATOPLASTY)

Who can be an eye donor ?

Practically from the age of 1 yr,

there is no maximum age limit.

Spectacle wearers
Persons who had cataract surgery
Diabetic, Hypertensive, Asthamatic can
donate.

When are eyes not usable?

Death of unknown cause.

Septicemia
Encephalitis , Meningitis
HIV
Rabies
Viral hepatitis
Leukemias , Lymphomas

Procedure for Eye Donation

The eyes of a person can also be donated

whether he has pledged his eyes in his life or

not.
Under law, relatives of the donar can donate
eyes provided never spoken against eye
donation.
Things to be done after making a call to eye
bank are
keep the eyes closed and cover with moist
cotton.
Instill antibiotic eye drops to prevent infection.

Cont..
Raise the head end to about 6 inches to

prevent bleeding during the removal of

eye.
Eyes must be removed within 4-6hrs
after death.
It takes 20-30 mins (so doesnt delay
the funeral)
Only the cornea is transplanted & rest
is used for research & education.

Methods of preservation

Short term storage

Intermediate storage
Long term storage
Very long term storage

Short term storage

MOIST CHAMBER

M-K MEDIUM

Whole donar eye is

kept in sterile jar
filled with saturated
moist atmosphere at
4 degrees celsius.
If enucleation is
done within 4-6 hrs.
Can be stored for 2
days.
Cheap &less
expensive.

Excised cornea is
stored in a mixture
of tissue culture
medium & Dextran
at 4 degrees celsius
Can be stored for 96
hours.
Efficient than Moist
chamber.

Intermediate storage
Excised cornea is stored in

Chondroitin Sulfate (mainly Dexsol ,

Optisol) solution is used at 4 degree
celsius.
By using Optisol cornea can be
stored for 2 weeks.

Long term storage

Organ culture method is used.
Temperature- 28-37 degree celsius.
Duration of 4 weeks.
Dextran or M-K medium is used.

Very long term storage

Cryopreservation method is used.
Storage period is 1 year

TYPES OF TRANSPLANTATION
CORNEAL
CORNEAL
TRANSPLANTATION
TRANSPLANTATION

LAMELLAR
LAMELLAR

DEEP ANTERIOR
DEEP ANTERIOR
KERATOPLASTY
KERATOPLASTY

PENETRATING
PENETRATING

ENDOTHELIAL
ENDOTHELIAL
KERATOPLASTY
KERATOPLASTY

NPCB
(National Programme for Control of Blindness)
It was launched in the year 1976 with the goal

to reduce the incidence of blindness by central

administration.
Eye banking is one of major activity of NPCB.
To enhance eye collection every year NPCB
celebrates Eye Donation Fortnight and World
Sight Day.
Along with this pamphlets,rallies, Tv & radio
programing etc are done.

Conclusion
Though Central & State Admistration &

private sector are involved in awaring the

people about Eye Donation still India could
not meet the demand.
Some measures like
bringing awareness at the school level by
adding Eye donation in the syllabus.
Concentrating on illiterates at the rural level.
Increasing the number of volunteers & paid
workers.

Cont..
Panchayat Raj level of Organisation..etc
Preservation methods need to be improved to

prevent the wastage.

Make eye donation a Family Tradition.
Made an attempt in enclosing all the
noticeable things of Eye donation.

THANK YOU