Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
By
Ni Ketut Alit A
Faculty Of Nursing Airlangga
University
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REFERENCES
Black, J.M. & Matassarin E, (1997). Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical
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EATING DISORDERS
Current Western beauty standards equate thinness
three decades
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ANOREXIA NERVOSA
The main symptoms of anorexia nervosa are:
A refusal to maintain more than 85% of normal
body weight
Intense fears of becoming overweight
A distorted view of body weight and shape
Amenorrhea
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Anorexia Nervosa
There are two main subtypes:
Restricting type
Lose weight by restricting bad foods, eventually
restricting nearly all food
Show almost no variability in diet
Binge-eating/purging type
Lose weight by vomiting after meals, abusing laxatives
or diuretics, or engaging in excessive exercise
Like those with bulimia nervosa, people with this subtype
may engage in eating binges
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Anorexia Nervosa
About 9095% of cases occur in females
The peak age of onset is between 14 and 18
years
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Anorexia Nervosa
The typical case:
A normal to slightly overweight female has been on a diet
Escalation to anorexia nervosa may follow a stressful
event
Separation of parents
Move or life transition
Experience of personal failure
nervosa is thinness
The driving motivation is FEAR:
Of becoming obese
Of losing control of body shape and weight
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distorted thinking:
Often have a low opinion of their body shape
Tend to overestimate their actual proportions
Adjustable lens assessment technique overestimate size by 20%
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psychological problems:
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Metabolic and
electrolyte imbalance
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BULIMIA NERVOSA
Bulimia nervosa, also known as binge-purge
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Bulimia Nervosa
The disorder is also characterized by
Bulimia Nervosa
Like anorexia nervosa, about 9095% of
years
Symptoms may last for several years with
periodic letup
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Bulimia Nervosa
Patients are generally of normal weight
May be slightly overweight
Often experience weight fluctuations
diagnosis
Bulimia Nervosa
Teens and young adults have frequently
In one study:
50% of college students reported periodic binges
6% tried vomiting
8% experimented with laxatives at least once
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Bulimia Nervosa:
Binges
For people with bulimia nervosa, the number of
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Bulimia Nervosa:
Binges
Binges are usually preceded by feelings of
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Bulimia Nervosa:
Compensatory Behaviors
After a binge, people with bulimia nervosa try to
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Bulimia Nervosa:
Compensatory Behaviors
Compensatory behaviors may temporarily
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Bulimia Nervosa
The typical case:
A normal to slightly overweight female has been
on an intense diet
Research suggests that even among normal
subjects, bingeing often occurs after strict dieting
For example, a study of binge-eating behavior in a
low-calorie weight loss program found that 62% of
patients reported binge-eating episodes during
treatment
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perspective:
Several key factors place individuals at risk
More factors = greater risk
Leading factors:
Sociocultural conditions (societal and family pressures)
Psychological problems (ego, cognitive, and mood disturbances)
Biological factors
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pressures:
Models, actors, dancers, and certain athletes
Of college athletes surveyed, 9% met full criteria for
an eating disorder while another 50% had symptoms
20% of surveyed gymnasts met full criteria for an
eating disorder
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effectively or ineffectively
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goals:
Correct abnormal eating patterns
Address broader psychological and situational
factors that have led to and are maintaining the
eating problem
This often requires the participation of family and
friends
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interactions
Family therapy is important for anorexia
The main issues are often separation and
boundaries
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therapy
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